Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering - Volume 26, issue s1

Authors: Zhang, Chunmei | Lin, Linghui | Li, Guirong | Ma, Jianan | Han, Xu | Fei, Rui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Polysaccharides derived from Ginkgo biloba leaf (PGBL) is a kind of active ingredient came out from ginkgo biloba leaf extractions. Previous studies have shown that PGBL has a good anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanism is not clear. This study is to investigate the modulated immunity effect of PGBL on RAW264.7 cells. Here we showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and this induction can be repressed by PGBL treatment both in protein level and mRNA level, and PGBL strongly reduced the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κ B to the cell …nucleus. These findings demonstrate that PGBL can decrease the sensitivity of monocytes to LPS, and PGBL has applications in systemic inflammation and immune diseases. Show more

Keywords: LPS, PGBL, TNF-α, IL-6, NF–κB

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151512

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2069-S2075, 2015

Authors: Zhang, Yuhong | Zhao, Yongli | Chen, Yafei | Yuan, Changqing | Zhan, Yong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The effects of noise on the calcium oscillations in a cell exposed to electromagnetic fields are described by a dynamic model. Noise is a very important factor to be considered in the dynamic research on the calcium oscillations in a cell exposed to electromagnetic fields. Some meaningful results have been obtained here based on the discussion. The results show that the pattern of intracellular calcium oscillations exposure to electromagnetic fields can be influenced by noise. Furthermore, the intracellular calcium oscillations exposure to electromagnetic fields can also be induced by noise. And the work has also studied the relationships between the …voltage sensitive calcium channel’s open probability and electromagnetic field. The result can provide new insights into constructive roles and potential applications of selecting appropriate electromagnetic field frequency during the research of biological effect of electromagnetic field. Show more

Keywords: Calcium oscillations, noise, electromagnetic fields, open probability

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151513

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2077-S2082, 2015

Authors: Feng, Yi | Wan, Mingxi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To analyze the potential molecular mechanism of ultrasound induced apoptosis in cancer cells, comparative proteomic methods were introduced in the study. After ultrasound exposure at the intensity of 1.2 W/cm2 , the human SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells were stained by trypan blue to detect the morphologic changes, and then the flow cytometry was used to examine the percentage of early apoptosis via double staining of FITC-labelled Annexin V and Propidium iodide. The proteins were separated by two-dimensional (2D) SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Among them, the differently expressed proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to reveal the key proteins response …to ultrasound exposure. It’s proved early apoptosis of cells were induced by focused ultrasound. After ultrasound exposure, the expressing characteristics of several proteins changed, in which some proteins in HSP family are associated with apoptosis initiation. It is suggested that the focused ultrasound could be applied in the assistant cancer therapy. Moreover, it is proved the comparative proteomic methods could supply information about the protein expression to analyze the metabolic processes related to bio-effects of biomedical ultrasound. Show more

Keywords: Focused ultrasound, apoptosis, comparative proteomic methods, signaling pathway, assistant cancer therapy

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151514

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2083-S2089, 2015

Authors: Xu, Hua | Gu, Dayong | He, Jian’an | Shi, Lei | Yao, Jingyu | Liu, Chunxiao | Zhao, Chunzhong | Xu, Yunqing | Jiang, Shengyang | Long, Jun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, we report the development of a protein microarray-based biosensor for the detection of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers using surface plasmon resonance (SPR Printing buffer, protein immobilization time and concentration of the capture protein were optimized systematically to determine the best performance of the biosensor. Under optimal conditions, five hepatitis B markers in 20 μ L human serum can be simultaneously detected within 30 minutes, whereas other methods such as ELISA and PCR can detect only one marker within four hours. This platform has been validated by analysis of 35 patients known to have hepatitis …B, with 85% agreement between the test platform and analysis by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The results demonstrate that the protein microarray with SPR displayed a sensitivity of 0.1 ng mL−1 for HBsAg. In addition to high sensitivity, it also shows excellent specificity, reproducibility and stability. This integrated protein microarray technique combined with SPR is a promising candidate for hepatitis B diagnosis with high-throughput. Show more

Keywords: Surface plasmon resonance, protein microarray, hepatitis B virus, label-free, biosensor

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151515

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2091-S2100, 2015

Authors: Yun, Jung Min | Hwang, Sung Jin | Anh, Sung Yong | Lee, Seung Min | Kang, Peter | Lee, Jeong Eun | Yoon, Eun Sil | Choi, Jin Wook | Park, Sung-Hye | Seo, Jung-Wook | Park, Peom

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In Korea, there were 224,000 new cases of cancer and 75,334 deaths caused by cancer in 2013, which was three times more than the number of death caused by heart disease, the second leading cause of death. This study proposes a biomarker positivity analysis system based on clinical data, for personalized diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Data of 78,912 cases were obtained from immunopathology and surgical pathology reports. Data on sex, age, organ, diagnosis, and biomarkers were entered into a database. To verify the reliability of the clinical data, an additional 50,450 cases from positivity-related research papers were added. The …proposed biomarker positivity analysis system makes it possible to extract and combine information for searching. The positivity values are in graphical and tabular format for ease of use. With a link to the internal network of the hospital, real-time pathology reports are available. Twenty-five pathology specialists are chosen as subjects to further confirm the reliability of this system; primary assessment results demonstrate a satisfaction level of 4.7 out of 5 and a concordance rate of 79% with positive data under the same conditions as reported in the literature. In the present study, analysis methods and platforms using large volumes of clinical and literature data are developed for cancer prognoses. It is expected that these tools will benefit both healthcare professionals and non-professionals involved in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Show more

Keywords: Cancer, biomarker, clinical data, positive rate

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151516

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2101-S2111, 2015

Authors: Jiang, Donglin | Wang, Xu | Su, Qiang | Jiang, Shengyang | Yuan, Fenglai | Zhang, Caidi | Gong, Fang | Dong, Qiaojing | Shi, Jianping | Chen, Baohua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Milkvetch root as a medicine has been used for more over 2000 years in China, can strengthen immune function, protect liver, promote urination, resist aging and stress, reduce blood pressure and extensively resist bacterium. This study explored the effects of milkvetch root on the immune function of patients with a definitive diagnosis of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patients were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. All patients received conventional clinical therapy; those in the experimental group were also administered milkvetch root. The serum levels of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α …), interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-1β , and IL-32 and immunocytes including T helper (Th), cytotoxic T (Tc), natural killer (NK), regulatory T (Treg) and B cells were measured 1 day before treatment and 7 and 14 days post-treatment. After bronchodilator inhalation, pulmonary function was evaluated at these same time points. The serum TNF-α , IL-8, IL-1β , and IL-32 levels were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group 14 days post-treatment. The Th/Tc ratio and NK cell ratio was significantly higher but the Treg cell ratio was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group 14 days post-treatment. These results indicate that milkvetch root can improve the immune function of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Show more

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, milkvetch root, immune function

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151517

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2113-S2121, 2015

Authors: Liu, Juan | Qiu, Hong | Zhu, Zhaorong | Zou, Tangbin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Yinzhihuang injection, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been the recent target of increasing interest due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The molecular basis by which Yinzhihuang injection could cure Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) serositis in ducks is unclear. This study evaluated the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Yinzhihuang injection, using disease models of RA-induced infectious serositis in ducks and heptane-induced inflammation in mice and rats. The duck mortality rate was reduced from 60% to 20% and both the inflammatory response and histological damage were ameliorated by treatment with Yinzhihuang injection (0.02 g/kg). Further studies indicated that superoxide dismutase (SOD), …nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were elevated while malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and RA growth were inhibited when the ducks were treated by Yinzhihuang injection. In addition, Yinzhihuang injection (0.04 g/ml) effectively inhibited xylene-induced auricle swelling in mice, (demonstrating an inhibition rate of 35.21%), egg albumen-induced paw metatarsus swelling in rats, (demonstrating an inhibition rate of 22.30%), and agar-induced formation of granulation tissue. These results suggest that Yinzhihuang injection ameliorates RA-induced infectious serositis in ducks by modulation of inflammatory mediators and antioxidation. Show more

Keywords: anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, Yinzhihuang, riemerella anatipestifer

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151518

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2123-S2132, 2015

Authors: Liu, Pengfei | Feng, Yetong | Wang, Yi | Zhou, Yulai | Zhao, Lei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It has been well-known for many years now that vitamin E is an essential nutrient; however, some of the physiological functions of this vitamin are still far from being understood. In recent years, a series of preclinical and clinical studies proposed a protective role of vitamin E on acute kidney injury (AKI), which has a high morbidity rate and mortality rate in clinical investigations. Based on the benefits associated with vitamin E, such as strong antioxidant function, low toxicity, rare side-effects, and low cost, this therapy strategy has garnered an extensive amount of interest in the scientific community for the …development of new therapy modes against AKI. In this review, a concise overview of the application of vitamin E in the treatment of AKI is provided as well as a summary of a series of published data regarding the combination therapy modes and detailed therapy mechanisms of vitamin E-based therapy against AKI. At present, there are critical points of this therapy mode that are still in need of further clarification, meaning the current understanding of the role of vitamin E in the treatment of AKI remains incomplete. However, the development of more reliable pharmacological or biotechnical strategies with vitamin E for the eventual treatment of patients with AKI may guide the next chapter of vitamin E research. Show more

Keywords: Vitamin E, acute kidney injury, antioxidant, kidney repair

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151519

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2133-S2144, 2015

Authors: Wang, Ruinan | Geng, Ning | Zhou, Yuqiao | Zhang, Dunfang | Li, Longjiang | Li, Jing | Ji, Ning | Zhou, Min | Chen, Yu | Chen, Qianming

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study investigates whether Wnt components play a role in carcinogenesis, or the invasion and metastasis of salivary glands, also referred to as adenoid cystic carcinoma (sAdCC). Several sAdCC cell lines with low invasive potential (ACC-2), high metastatic potential (ACC-M), and higher invasive potential (T-ACC-M) were examined to determine whether Wnt components correlate with tumors’ invasive and metastatic behavior. Immunohistochemistry was performed in a sAdCC tissue array. ACC-M expressed higher levels of Wnt-1, beta-catenin and lower WIF-1 compared to ACC-2 (P<0.05). T-ACC-M exhibited increased mRNA of Wnt-1 and beta-catenin, and decreased WIF-1 compared to ACC-2 and ACC-M. Immuno-histochemistry showed up-regulation …of Wnt-1 and down-regulation of WIF-1 in sAdCC compared with normal salivary glands. Beta-catenin was found in the cytoplasm and nuclei of sAdCC. Dislocation of E-cadherin in sAdCC was observed. These results suggest that sAdCC exhibits diverse expressions of Wnt components. It has an important relationship with the invasive phenotype of these cells. Show more

Keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Wnt-1, WIF-1, Beta-catenin, E-cadherin

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151520

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2145-S2153, 2015

Authors: Kwon, Yuri | Kim, Ji-Won | Kim, Ji-Sun | Koh, Seong-Beom | Eom, Gwang-Moon | Lim, Tae-Hong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis in the literature that torque resistance of parkinsonian rigidity is the difference between the independent contributions of stretched and shortened muscles. The hypothesis was tested using muscle-specific stretch-shortening (MSSS) EMG ratio in this study. Nineteen patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 18 healthy subjects (the mean age comparable to that of patients) participated in this study. The EMG activity was measured in the four muscles involved in wrist joint movement, i.e. flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis and extensor carpi ulnaris. The passive flexion-extension movement with …a range of ± 30 ∘ was applied at wrist joint. Root mean squared (RMS) mean was calculated from the envelope of the EMG for each of stretching and shortening phases. MSSS EMG ratio was defined as the ratio of RMS EMG of stretching phase and RMS EMG of shortening phase of a single muscle, and it was calculated for each muscle. MSSS EMG ratios were smaller than one in all muscles. These results indicate that all wrist muscles generate greater mean EMG during shortening than during stretching. Therefore, the torque resistance of parkinsonian rigidity cannot be explained as the simple summation of independent antagonistic torque pair. Show more

Keywords: EMG, parkinsonian rigidity, passive stretching, passive shortening

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151521

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2155-S2163, 2015

Authors: Cui, Yu | Chen, Xiaobei | Liu, Liyan | Xie, Wei | Wu, Yue | Wu, Qunhong | Wang, Decai

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As the worldwide elderly population has grown, the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has steadily increased. The differential lifelong exposure of populations to dietary fatty acids has raised concerns about the potential links between cognitive impairments and nutrition. However, few studies have addressed the levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in AD patient serum. In this study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to determine the levels of 15 serum FFAs in 31 AD patients and 33 healthy controls. The optimized methodology entailed the formation of methyl esters using 10% v/v H2 SO4 /CH3OH at 62°C for 2 …hours. The linear range was 0.55–300 μ g/mL, the range of recovery was 85.1–104.3%, and the detection limit was 0.03–0.08 μ g/mL. Several FFAs in the AD patient significantly decreased when compared to the control, including three saturated fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0) and six unsaturated fatty acids (C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, γ -C18:3, C20:2, and C22:6). The serum level of C18:3 was significantly higher in the AD patients. The FFA profiles of the AD patients differed significantly from those of controls. The method effectively determined the FFA levels and could facilitate future studies regarding the relationship between AD and the metabolism of FFAs. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, fatty acid, GC–MS

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151522

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2165-S2177, 2015

Authors: Tufan, Kadir | Belli, Ahmet Korkut

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Injury to the nervous system can lead to irreversible problems as nervous tissues have limited regenerative capability. Therefore it is imperative to find an objective, reliable, cheap, and easy-to-apply method that separates nervous fibers from muscles and blood vessels. The aim of this study is to determine structural differences that can aid in easy and reliable identification of nervous fibers. We analyzed light reflectance from these tissues from 230 nm to 1000 nm and found that in the range of 400 nm-600 nm nervous fibers have higher reflectance in comparison to others. Therefore, we generated distinct features in this range …and utilized support vector machine to automatically classify samples. Classification performance demonstrated that light reflectance is a good candidate feature that can help to classify nervous tissue. Show more

Keywords: Nervous tissue, light reflectance, surgery, support vector machines

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151523

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2179-S2185, 2015

Authors: Zhang, Pengfei | Min, Lequan | Pian, Jianwei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In 1996 Nowak and his colleagues proposed a differential equation virus infection model, which has been widely applied in the study for the dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Biological dynamics may be described more practically by discrete events rather than continuous ones. Using discrete systems to describe biological dynamics should be reasonable. Based on one revised Nowak et al’s virus infection model, this study introduces a discrete virus infection model (DVIM). Two equilibriums of this model, E 1 and …E 2 , represents infection free and infection persistent, respectively. Similar to the case of the basic virus infection model, this study deduces a basic virus reproductive number R0 independing on the number of total cells of an infected target organ. A proposed theorem proves that if the basic virus reproductive number R 0 < 1 then the virus free equilibrium E 1 is locally stable. The DVIM is more reasonable than an abstract discrete susceptible-infected-recovered model (SIRS) whose basic virus reproductive number R 0 is relevant to the number of total cells of the infected target organ. As an application, this study models the clinic HBV DNA data of a patient who was accepted via anti-HBV infection therapy with drug lamivudine. The results show that the numerical simulation is good in agreement with the clinic data. Show more

Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, modeling, discrete virus infection model, equilibrium stability, numerical simulation

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151524

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2187-S2195, 2015

Authors: Jiang, Jiehui | Duan, Huoqiang | Huang, Zheming | Yu, Zhihua | The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: One medical challenge in studying the amyloid-β (Aβ ) peptide mechanism for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is exploring the law of beta toxic oligomers’ diffusion in human brains in vivo . One beneficial means of solving this problem is brain network analysis based on graph theory. In this study, the characteristics of Aβ functional brain networks of Healthy Control (HC), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and AD groups were compared by applying graph theoretical analyses to Carbon 11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (11C PiB-PET) data. 120 groups of PiB-PET images from the ADNI database were analyzed. The results …showed that the small-world property of MCI and AD were lost as compared to HC. Furthermore, the local clustering of networks was higher in both MCI and AD as compared to HC, whereas the path length was similar among the three groups. The results also showed that there could be four potential Aβ toxic oligomer seeds: Frontal_Sup_Medial_L, Parietal_Inf_L, Frontal_Med_Orb_R, and Parietal_Inf_R. These four seeds are corresponding to Regions of Interests referred by physicians to clinically diagnose AD. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), carbon 11-labeled pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB), positron emission tomography (PET), brain networks

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151525

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2197-S2205, 2015

Authors: Shi, Lei | Sun, Qiuxiang | He, Jian’an | Xu, Hua | Liu, Chunxiao | Zhao, Chunzhong | Xu, Yunqing | Wu, Changlin | Xiang, Junjian | Gu, Dayong | Long, Jun | Lan, Hekui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor was developed for specific detection of nine common respiratory virus, including influenza A and influenza B, H1N1, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 1-3 (PIV1, 2, 3), adenovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS). The SPR biosensor was developed by immobilizing nine respiratory virus-specific oligonucleotides in an SPR chip. To increase the biosensor sensitivity, biotin was used to label the PCR primer and further amplify the signal by introducing streptavidin after hybridization. Throat swab specimens representing nine common respiratory viruses were tested by the innovative SPR-based biosensor to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and …reproducibility of this method. Results suggest that this biosensor has the potential to simultaneously identify common respiratory viruses. Show more

Keywords: SPR, respiratory virus, high throughput, label-free, gene chip

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151526

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2207-S2216, 2015

Authors: Liu, Limei | Sun, Liyuan | Li, Chunhe | Li, Xinyang | Zhang, Yuhong | Yu, Yun | Xia, Wei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The development of carcinoma has been found to be associated with epigenetic modifications. The aim of this study was to estimate the methylation levels of FHIT and BRCA1 promoters using the bisulphite sequencing method (BSP) and high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRM) in the serum of patients with ductal breast carcinoma as a biomarker for the possible application of early diagnosis of breast cancer. The results showed that the methylation levels of both BRCA1 and FHIT promoters were higher in the serum of the breast ductal carcinoma group (BDC group) than those of the breast fibroadenoma group …(BFA group), and the healthy individuals group (HI group). However, the methylation levels of the BRCA1 promoters were very low in all three groups compared to the levels of FHIT . The advanced quantitative detection of the samples with HRM showed that the FHIT promoter methylation level of the cfDNA in each serum was also very high in the BDC group compared to the HI group. The methylation level of FHIT was found to be significantly associated with breast cancer (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the methylation quantitative detection of FHIT promoter in serum may be useful for the early diagnosis of ductal breast carcinoma. Show more

Keywords: FHIT, BRCA1, methylation, breast cancer, cfDNA

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151527

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2217-S2222, 2015

Authors: Zhang, Jiaqiang | Fang, Li-Zhou | Liu, Ling | Zhang, Jianqing | Fu, Weiping | Dai, Luming

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To discuss the differences in protein expression among tuberculosis pleural effusion (TBPE), malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and transudative pleural effusion (TSPE). We recruited 50 patients with pleural effusion, including 20 TBPEs, 17 MPEs and 13 TSPEs. Using the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), we acquired the peptide mass finger printings (PMFs) of featured proteins. Then, we identified characteristic proteins by searching in the protein databank of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and assessed their diagnostic significance. We found five characteristic proteins: C1-inhibitor (C1-INH), transthyretin (TTR), human complement fragment 3b (C3b), human …ceruloplasmin (CP), and Z34c protein fragment Fc (Z34c-Fc). C1-INH shows a high expression in TBPE and a low expression in MPE while TTR and C3 show low expression in TBPE and high expressions in MPE. Z34c-Fc and CP have a higher expression in TBPE than in TSPE. No common characteristic protein was found between MPE and TSPE. Statistic analysis consisted of paired t-tests and the difference between them is significance ( P < 0.05 ). C1-inhibitor (C1-INH), transthyretin (TTR), human Complement fragment 3b (C3b), human Ceruloplasmin (CP) and Z34c protein fragment Fc (Z34c-Fc) may provide an additional perspective in the differential diagnosis of PE. Show more

Keywords: Tuberculosis pleural effusion, proteomic, 2-DE, MALDI-TOF-MS

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151528

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2223-S2232, 2015

Authors: Wang, Panpan | Yang, Fengyuan | Yang, Hong | Xu, Xiaofei | Liu, Duo | Xue, Weiwei | Zhu, Feng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are most adopted therapeutics marketed for major depression, and the efficacy of which are greatly reduced by their delayed onset of action and undesirable side effects. 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist and SERT inhibitor (SPARI) was proposed as a novel strategy to overcome the shortage of efficacy by a negative feedback control of 5-HT1A receptor. However, only one SPARI (vilazodone) has been approved for clinical use, and none is currently in clinical trial, which demonstrates a strong need for searching more novel SPARIs to facilitate antidepressants discovery. This work applied a combinatorial virtual screening method (CVSM) …by integrating multiple tools. Statistic analysis reveals that CVSM surpasses single virtual screening methods in terms of hit rates and enrichment factors. By adopting optimized CVSM, 91 promising dual target leads form 15 scaffolds were identified, and 40% of these scaffolds have already been reported to show antidepressant related therapeutic effects. In sum, CVSM is capable in identifying novel SPARIs from large chemical libraries with extremely low false hit rate. Show more

Keywords: Virtual screening, support vector machines, molecular docking, 5-HT1A receptor agonist, SERT inhibitor

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151529

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2233-S2239, 2015

Authors: Luo, Yunjing | Shi, Jianlong | Li, Jingjing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An increasing number of peroxynitrite-mediated fibrinogen nitrifications have been associated with thrombotic diseases. However, few reports related to priority nitrified fibrinogen injury sites exist. In this paper, an improved method, which simulated the environment in vivo, was used to inspect the structural changes of fibrinogen treated with peroxynitrite and LC-MS/MS in order to investigate the fibrinogen injury sites. The SDS-PAGE results indicated that γ subunits of Fg were vulnerable to oxidative/nitrative modifications induced by peroxynitrite. An in-depth analysis of fibrinogen γ chain (Fg I) nitration site identification and susceptibility to peroxynitrite-utilizing LC-MS/MS strategy was performed. Based on a …large dataset, the results indicated the priority injury sites during database searching were Y96, Y262, Y274, Y348, and Y363; these results could be applied to biomedical studies. Show more

Keywords: Fibrinogen, LC-MS/MS, SDS-PAGE, peroxynitrite, tyrosine nitration

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151530

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2241-S2248, 2015

Authors: Kim, Ji-Won | Kwon, Yuri | Yun, Ju-Seok | Heo, Jae-Hoon | Eom, Gwang-Moon | Tack, Gye-Rae | Lim, Tae-Hong | Koh, Seong-Beom

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop regression models for the quantification of parkinsonian bradykinesia. Forty patients with Parkinson’s disease participated in this study. Angular velocity was measured using gyro sensor during finger tapping, forearm-rotation, and toe tapping tasks and the severity of bradykinesia was rated by two independent neurologists. Various characteristic variables were derived from the sensor signal. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to develop models predicting the bradykinesia score with the characteristic variables as input. To evaluate the ability of the regression models to discriminate different bradykinesia scores, ANOVA and post hoc test were performed. …Major determinants of the bradykinesia score differed among clinical tasks and between raters. The regression models were better than any single characteristic variable in terms of the ability to differentiate bradykinesia scores. Specifically, the regression models could differentiate all pairs of the bradykinesia scores (p<0.05) except for one pair in the finger tapping task and one pair in the toe tapping task. In contrast, any single characteristic variable was found not sensitive enough to discriminate many of the pairs, especially in case of the toe tapping task. The results suggest that the multiple regression models reflecting these differences would be beneficial for the quantification of bradykinesia because the cardinal features included in the determination of bradykinesia score differ among tasks as well as among the raters. Show more

Keywords: Bradykinesia, quantification, stepwise multiple regression, Parkinson’s disease, clinical rating

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151531

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2249-S2258, 2015

Authors: Zhang, Jing | Zhao, Dali | Xie, Zhongwei | Qi, Yali

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conservation process whereby cytoplasm and cellular organelles are degraded in lysosomes for amino acid and energy recycling. Autophagy concurrent with radiotherapy has emerged as a novel approach in breast cancer treatment. Our studies conclude that autophagy and apoptosis can be induced by radiation and inhibition of autophagy can increase apoptosis. In addition, Akt is a molecule that down-regulates autophagy and apoptosis; blocking Akt can enhance autophagy and apoptosis induced by radiation in MCF-7 cells. Akt could become a new focus in breast cancer radiotherapy.

Keywords: Autophagy, apoptosis, radiation, Akt, breast cancer

DOI: 10.3233/BME-151532

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 26, no. s1, pp. S2259-S2265, 2015