Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering - Volume 1, issue 3

Authors: Tsuru, Sumiaki | Shinomiya, Nariyoshi | Katsura, Yoshiya | Uwabe, Yasuhide | Noritake, Masayuki | Rokutanda, Makoto

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The adsorption and chromatographic properties of hydroxyapatite sorbents for application to different viruses have been investigated. The strong adsorption of viruses was observed on macroporous hydroxyapatite with hydrophilic properties of the sorbent surface. The viruses were purified on this sorbent without loss of biological activity. The column can be used for virus vaccine production.

Keywords: hydroxyapatite column, viral adsorption, viral preparation

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1301

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 143-147, 1991

Authors: Agarwal, Ravinder | Singh, V. R. | Dhawan, Urmila | Singh, Ved | Nagpal, K. C. | Sud, S. P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The renal calculi are studied by using an X-ray diffractometer for different chemical composition of the stones. A new constituent, α-quartz, is confirmed to be present in the renal calculi which is responsible for piezoelectric property of such materials.

Keywords: renal calculi, piezoelectric materials, X-ray diffraction technique

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1302

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 149-154, 1991

Authors: Agarwal, Ravinder | Singh, V. R.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Dielectric properties of kidney stones in processed form are studied in a frequency range of 1 kHz–l0 MHz. The samples under test are in the fonn of discs of the stones. The dielectric properties are found to be highly dependent on the frequency, and as expected, similar to those of conventional electro-ceramics and other such bio-materials, due to presence of alpha-quartz in the calculi.

Keywords: dielectric properties, kidney stones, electro-ceramics

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1303

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 155-158, 1991

Authors: Drouin, Gilbert | Masson, Martin | Yahia, L'Hocine

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A cruciate ligament fatigue/wear testing system TTF600 was developed at École Polytechnique in order to reproduce a little better the loading conditions and environment in which they perform. This machine was designed to subject the ligaments to simultaneous tension, bending and torsion. The amplitude of each loading can be adjusted separately. This allows to better define the effect of each loading mode on the viability of a prosthetic device. Six devices can be tested simultaneously in a liquid environment at 37°C. The loading conditions and the behaviour of the prosthesis are monitored by computer.

Keywords: ligament prosthesis, fatigue testing, wear, evaluation

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1304

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 159-165, 1991

Authors: Ito, Kuniomi | Ooi, Yoshio | Yano, Hideo | Takagi, Shigehide

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It has been said by many investigators that hydroxyapatite ceramics may be prospective bone substitute materials. Its mechanical brittleness and strength has been the most serious consideration. In the present article a study has been done using animal experiments, the changes of surface strain at the hydroxyapatite implantation site of long-bone when the compressive stress is applied in the direction of long axis, in order to clarify the mechanical behaviors of hydroxyapatite living bone complex. The nonimplanted side was used as the control. Results revealed that the hydroxyapatite living bone complex has been proven to have sufficient flexibility such that …it shows no hysteresis in stress versus strain relation up to 200 kg of applied load. The strain distribution pattern on the HA-implanted bone is quite similar to that of the nonimplanted one. This characteristic also suggests that it has normal skeletal function. Show more

Keywords: biomaterial, hydroxyapatite, biomechanics

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1305

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 167-171, 1991

Authors: Lou, Zheng | Yang, Wen-Jei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A two-dimensional finite-difference numerical model is developed for the blood flow at the aortic bifurcation to determine the possible role of fluid dynamics in the atherogenesis. Arterial walls are assumed to be rigid, while the fluid is Newtonian. Parametric studies are performed to evaluate the effects of the area ratio, Reynolds number, corner curvatures, Womersley number, bifurcation angle and arterial pulsation on the flow and shear stresses. A high shear stress region exists on the inner wall distal to the vertex, while both high and low shear stress regions coexist along the outer wall. A temporary eddy is found along …the outer wall, with more strength in the case of a higher area ratio. The results agree qualitatively with the existing experimental observations. Show more

Keywords: blood flow, aortic bifurcation, computer simulation, atherosclerosis, unsteady flow

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1306

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 173-193, 1991

Authors: Cieszyński, Tomasz

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A successive study of various bioelectrical phenomena promoted a submolecular approach to the nature of growth and degradation of biological crystals pointing to the relation in the title.

Keywords: anabolic process, catabolic process, polarity of electric field

DOI: 10.3233/BME-1991-1307

Citation: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 195-202, 1991