International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Liu, Chuan | Chen, Renwen | Zhang, Yuxiang | Wang, Liping | Qin, Jinchang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Converting persistent and renewable wave energy into electricity has been studied in recent years. This research develops a novel fully floating three-body direct-drive wave energy converter (DD-WEC) prepared for the research of the multi-body DD-WEC. Its prototype consists of three floating bodies, but both three bodies act as buoys to extract the wave energy, not just a body. And the relative motion of the buoys induces the voltage in Halbach array permanent magnet linear generators coils. Its feasibility is investigated theoretically by analyzing the dynamics of motion of the floating buoys. As a result, parametric design of the WEC is …achieved. The load performance of the DD-WEC is investigated by using the Simulink, and it can be found that the relative displacements between buoys are different. Then, the electromagnetic power of the proposed WEC is much higher compared to a two-body DD-WEC by using numerical simulation Finally, the DD-WEC prototype is manufactured and tested in the wave tank. The results show that the WEC can produce the most electricity for the case with the wave period of 1.6 s, and the maximum voltage reaches 14.2 V, which is consistent with the simulation results. The results show that the proposed DD-WEC is well suited for wave energy conversion. Show more

Keywords: Three-body, direct-drive wave energy converter, Halbach permanent magnet linear generator, electromagnetic power

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-201566

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2020

Authors: Zhao, Qiang | Zhu, Baoquan | Pei, Yulong | Wang, Na

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper investigates how to control suspension system and steering system to cooperatively ensure their performance. A model predictive controller is designed for their integrated model, which includes three parts: predictive model, rolling optimization and online correction. Repeated online optimization is based on actual output feedback information, real-time consideration of the impact of uncertainties, and timely correction. The simulation results show that the integrated model predictive control effect of steering system and suspension system is better than those of non-integrated passive control and integrated optimal control. The ride comfort, handling stability and driving safety of the vehicle are all improved …with the integrated model predictive control. Show more

Keywords: Integrated control, model predictive algorithm, electric power steering, active suspension

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-201519

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-21, 2020

Authors: Sato, Mitsuhide | Nirei, Masami | Yamanaka, Yuichiro | Bu, Yinggang | Mizuno, Tsutomu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A linear generator system based on a free-piston engine is expected to be a highly efficient power-generation engine for series hybrid vehicles. However, the engine generator must produce in a limited installation space the very high power required to drive a car. Consequently, considering the car-mounting situation, higher power density is required by means of reduced generator size and higher efficiency. In this paper, a cylindrical double-stator linear synchronous generator with opposing permanent magnets is used for free-piston engine. The double stator realizes smaller size, and using opposing magnets achieves a larger thrust constant than that with a single stator. …In a finite-element analysis, the high-efficiency area is expanded compared to a surface-magnet type of the same size. Furthermore, this paper clarifies the effectiveness for improved power density with maximum-generation control in a simulation of a dual-sided engine model. Show more

Keywords: Finite-element analysis, internal combustion engine, permanent magnet machine, power generation control

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190158

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2020

Authors: Borges, José William Ribeiro | Fonseca, Wellington da Silva | Brasil, Fernando de Souza | Araújo, Ramon C.F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The electrical insulation is one of the main sources of failures in hydro-generators, therefore it is important to research the insulation system of stator bars. In this paper, it is developed a steady-state multiphysics analysis of a stator bar using the Finite Element Method to assess its steady-state behavior in the electrical, magnetic and thermal domains. Different aspects are analyzed in simulations, such as capacitance, mechanical stress and thermal effects. Numerical results are compared with experimental measurements for validation.

Keywords: Stator bar, finite element method, multiphysics analysis, hydro-generator

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-200012

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2020

Authors: Wang, Tingting | Zheng, Changbao | Zhou, Rui | Wang, Qunjing | Ju, Lufeng | He, Jingxiong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The magnetic field and torque of permanent-magnetic spherical motor (PMSpM) are difficult to analyze due to the complicated structure, and therefore are often analyzed by the finite-element method (FEM) or Lorentz force method, with large amount of calculation and time consumption. This paper first establishes a three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic field analytical model of a spherical motor with permanent magnets (PMs) by the equivalent surface current method. Secondly, through the Lorentz force spatial integration of energized stator coil, a torque analytical model is established. Thirdly, in order to avoid repeated integration operation, a torque interpolation model based on torque Map is …established. Both magnetic field and torque analytical models are verified by comparing with FEM and the experiment respectively. It is shown that the method proposed not only ensures the modeling accuracy but also significantly speeds up the analysis. Show more

Keywords: Permanent-magnet spherical motor (PMSpM), Lorentz force method, Torque modeling, Interpolation calculation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-201538

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2020

Authors: Chen, Dezhi | Diao, Chengwu | Feng, Zhiyu | Zhang, Shichong | Zhao, Wenliang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, a novel dual-stator permanent magnet machine (DsPmSynM) with low cost and high torque density is designed. The winding part of the DsPmSynM adopts phase-group concentrated-coil windings, and the permanent magnets are arranged by spoke-type. Firstly, the winding structure reduces the amount of copper at the end of the winding. Secondly, the electromagnetic torque ripple of DsPmSynM is suppressed by reducing the cogging torque. Furthermore, the dynamic performance of DsPmSynM is studied. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the simulation results.

Keywords: Dual stator, spoke-type, cogging torque, phase-group concentrated-coil windings

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209457

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Deri, Yi | Kawaguchi, Hideki

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Pure-type HTS undulator is proposed to achieve a high-intensity magnetic field and small size undulator for a compact free-electron laser (FEL). A high precision simulation is required before making the real machine since the sizes and positions are difficult to adjust after the HTSs are magnetized in the cryostat. For this purpose, authors have been developed a numerical simulation code for the magnetization process of HTS undulator of X-FEL based on the power-law macro-model. In this paper, the previously developed simulation code can be speeded up by carefully optimizing the parameters of the power-law macro-model for the 3-HTS magnets …model and a large-scale simulation can be performed in an acceptable time by using a multipole expansion for the Biot–Savart law. In addition, for practical applications, the influence of the fluctuation of the magnets thickness and critical current for the electron trajectory are evaluated by using the speed-up simulation code. Show more

Keywords: Undulators, X-ray free-electron laser (X-FEL), power-law macro-model, multipole expansion, current vector potential method (T-method)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209413

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2020

Authors: Zhang, Wenguang | Yin, Xuele | Xie, Jie | Ma, Yakun | Li, Zhengwei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to develop long-lifetime neural electrodes, the insertion tissue injury caused by two optimized neural electrode (convex streamline electrode and vibration attenuation electrode) models were evaluated compared with a reference electrode. Based on the experimental evaluation system for testing tissue injury, the effects of insertion speeds on tissue injury of the two optimized electrodes with different insertion depths were studied. The maximum tissue strain caused by the two optimized neural electrodes firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of insertion speed at the depths of 3 mm and 4.5 mm. The insertion forces caused by vibration attenuation electrode are steady …with the change of insertion speed. The convex streamline neural electrode caused less tissue injury compared with the other two electrodes. The higher or lower insertion speed causes smaller tissue strain for the two optimized electrodes, which is conductive to set implantation parameters to minimize tissue injury. Show more

Keywords: Neural electrode, comparative experiment, insertion parameters, tissue injury, optimal design

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209459

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Ngouala, Benhy | Liu, Fang | Xu, Jia | Zhu, Zhi-Wen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A novel magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) actuator is proposed in this paper, which has fast response speed and large deformation, and its nonlinear dynamic response and control are studied. A new differential term is developed to explain the MSMA’s stress-strain curves. The dynamic model of the MSMA actuator subjected to harmonic magnetic field and random disturbance is established, and its nonlinear dynamic characteristics are obtained. Finally, the stochastic dynamic programming control is introduced to enhance the drive accuracy. The results show that the perturbation plays an important role in the system’s dynamic response; dynamic programming control can improve the …actuator’s accuracy in strong stochastic perturbation. These results will be helpful for the optimal design and development of MSMA actuators. Show more

Keywords: Magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA), stochastic excitation, actuator, stochastic optimal control

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209473

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2020

Authors: Liu, Dandan | Ma, Wu | Wang, Jie | Liu, Chongzhi | Tang, Chunrui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The particle movement speed in the pipe of an existing dust measuring device is too small, and the detection in the center area of the pipe is not sufficiently sensitive. According to the intake mode of the cyclone separator, here a new side inlet pipeline is designed that is oriented from the incident mode of the straight pipe. An experimental model was established in Gambit2.4, and the numerical simulation was performed in Fluent6.3. Different dust particle diameters were simulated, and velocity cloud and pressure cloud diagrams of the middle position of the device pipe were obtained. Compared with the velocity …data of the straight tube and the side tube, the velocity value of the particle passing through the side tube was better than that of the straight tube. This improved the velocity of the particles and also reduced the settling of the particles. The probability of friction collision of the dust particles in the tube increased, meaning that their induced charge also increased. MATLAB was used to calculate the electrostatic induction, revealing that the charge of the particles in the improved device increased significantly. Therefore, the improved device can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of dust at low concentrations, and for small particle sizes. Show more

Keywords: Dust measurement, electrostatic induction, side inlet pipe, rotating attachment wall, data comparison

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209376

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2020