Searching for just a few words should be enough to get started. If you need to make more complex queries, use the tips below to guide you.
Purchase individual online access for 1 year to this journal.
Price: EUR 130.00Authors: Watanabe, Kota | Ashida, Yuzo | Hirota, Kento | Taniguchi, Tatsuya | Miyamoto, Hiroki | Teramoto, Atsushi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Toe function is characterised by the strength and dexterity of toe motion. However, previous studies have mostly focused on the importance of toe strength. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between flexion strength and dexterity of the toes and physical performance. METHODS: Twenty healthy participants were included in this study. The flexion force of each toe was measured using a digital force gauge, and the toe dexterity was evaluated using the marble pick-up and rock-paper-scissors tests. These parameters were statistically analysed in relation to physical performance, including repeated side step …and balance ability, which was evaluated using centre of pressure (COP) data during single-leg standing, tiptoe standing, and single-leg drop-jumping. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between the first toe flexion force and the total trajectory length of the COP during one-leg standing and between the time required for marble pick-up and the rock-paper-scissors score and the COP during single-leg drop-jumping. CONCLUSION: The results underscore the importance of flexion strength and dexterity of the toes in human physical performance and the necessity for the evaluation and improvement of both functions. Show more
Keywords: Toe function, marble pick-up, rock-paper-scissors test, balance
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230263
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023
Authors: Yalfani, Ali | Abedi, Mitra | Raeisi, Zahra | Asgarpour, Azadeh
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is known as an important debilitating health condition among older women. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of eight-week virtual reality training (VRT) exercises on postural sway and physical function performance (PFP) among older women suffering from CLBP. METHODS: Twenty-seven older women presenting with CLBP were randomized into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was instructed to perform 30-minute VRT exercises three times a week for eight weeks. Plantar pressure variables [sway velocity (SV) and anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) fluctuations of the center …of pressure (CoP)], 30-second chair stand test (30CST), and timed up and go (TUG) test were recorded. RESULTS: The VRT group exhibited significant decreases in SV (p = 0.002), AP (p = 0.008), and ML (p = 0.02) fluctuations. Also, the performance of the VRT group in the 30CST and TUG tests significantly improved after the exercises (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: According to the results, VRT and the program used in this study should be used to enhance balance and PFP in older women with CLBP who mostly prefer activities that are accessible and feasible in low-risk environments. Show more
Keywords: Aging, balance, exergaming, virtual reality exercises, COVID-19
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230260
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Hernandez-Lucas, Pablo | Leirós-Rodríguez, Raquel | Lopez-Barreiro, Juan | García-Soidán, José L.
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines stress the importance of prevention and treatment of non-specific back pain through exercise therapy. However, it has not yet been confirmed whether the combination of exercise plus education is more effective than such interventions taken separately. OBJECTIVE: To determine if the combination of exercise plus education is more effective for the prevention of non-specific back pain than exercise or education alone. METHOD: A systematic search of studies whose sample consisted of participants without non-specific back pain (primary prevention) and participants with non-specific back pain (secondary and tertiary prevention) was …conducted in the following databases in March 2023: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline. RESULTS: A total of 16 articles were selected. Statistically significant results were found in the pain variable with SMD = - 2.02 (95% CI = - 2.71 to - 1.33; p < 0.001), the disability variable with SMD = - 1.14 (95% CI = - 1.63 to - 0.65; p < 0.001), and the kinesiophobia variable with SMD = - 1.8 (95% CI = - 2.54 to - 1.05; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Interventions that combine exercise and education seem to have a greater preventive effect on non-specific back pain, disability and kinesiophobia than those that include exercise or education in an isolated manner. Show more
Keywords: Exercise therapy, health education, primary prevention, secondary prevention, tertiary prevention
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230252
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2023
Authors: Sekine, Chie | Yamamoto, Mayu | Hirabayashi, Ryo | Yokota, Hirotake | Edama, Mutsuaki
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar stabilization exercises (LSE) provide dynamic trunk stability, promote muscle strength and endurance, and improve low back pain rehabilitation and performance. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the differences in trunk muscle activity during LSEs on stable and different unstable surfaces. METHODS: Fifteen healthy males performed three exercises (elbow-toe, hand-knee, and side bridge) on stable (floor) and unstable surfaces. Muscle activity of the bilateral rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae were recorded. Data were compared using the Friedman test. Pairwise comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon’s signed rank test if significant differences were …observed. RESULTS: In the elbow-toe exercise, muscle activity of the rectus abdominis and right internal oblique increased in the following order: floor, low-difficulty, and high-difficulty unstable surface. In the hand-knee exercise, muscle activity of the internal oblique on the lower-extremity elevated side, external oblique, and erector spinae on the upper-extremity elevated side were greater on unstable surface exercise performance. In the side bridge exercise, rectus abdominis muscle activity was highest on a high-difficulty unstable surface. CONCLUSION: Trunk muscle activity increased during exercise on unstable surfaces. Since the effects of unstable surfaces vary depending on muscle and exercise types, exercise difficulty and surface stability must be considered accordingly. Show more
Keywords: Spine, electromyography, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230297
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Ikwuanusi, Stephanie | Tella, Abidemi | Akinbo, Sunday | Nwaedozie, Obianuju | Adje, Mishael
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Specific stabilisation exercises (SSE) can combat the debilitating effects of chronic non-specific low back pain (CLBP), improve disability, pain and fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB). OBJECTIVE: To elicit the determinants of outcome in patients with CLBP with associated FABs after treatment with SSE. METHOD: Twenty-nine patients (20 females) with CLBP were classified using FAB questionnaire into high or low Work and Physical Activity (PA) subscales. After 4-week treatment, evaluations were done for pain, disability and lumbar spine active range of motion (AROM). Data was analysed exploratory-descriptively with a significance level set at p < …0.05. RESULTS: Participants were aged 55.24 ± 11.91 years. They scored 19 (65.5%) and 5 (17.2%) respectively on Work and PA subscales. The post-intervention evaluation showed significant differences in all outcomes, but no significant difference between patients with high or low FAB scores for both subscales. PA scores correlated significantly with pain while work scores correlated significantly with disability. Participants’ gender predicted disability, pain and AROM with moderate to large effect sizes. CONCLUSION: SSE can potentially improve disability, pain and range of motion for patients with chronic low back pain regardless of FABQ status. Gender and baseline patient status are potential determinants of outcome of treatment using SSE. Show more
Keywords: Disability, kinesiophobia, chronic pain, lumbar stabilisation exercises
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230312
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2023
Authors: Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz, Katarzyna | Kurzeja, Piotr | Sorysz, Tomasz
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the systematically increasing number of shoulder replacement procedures among older people, the need to assess their quality of life is becoming more and more important. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to functionally assess the shoulder joint and the quality of life of patients before and after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). METHODS: The observational study included 15 patients after the rTSA procedure (randomly selected). The quality of life and shoulder joint function before and after rTSA were assessed using the following scales: SF-36, Constant-Murley Score, Disabilities of the …Arm, Shoulder and Hand Scale (DASH) and the University of California-Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA scale) and Simple Shoulder Test (SST). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between measurements in the overall scores of the SF-36 questionnaire. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were found between measurements in terms of the Constant-Murley, DASH, UCLA and SST scales results. CONCLUSIONS: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty significantly improved the patients’ quality of life and the functional condition of the operated limb. Show more
Keywords: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, quality of life, pain
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230347
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Ijiri, Tomohito | Suzuki, Toshiaki
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The normal value of the scapular muscle activity ratio during arm elevation is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To obtain normal values of the scapular muscle activity ratio during arm elevation in healthy individuals. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 47 healthy people. The participants performed shoulder flexion and lowered task with 90-degree movements every 2 seconds. Muscle activities of scapular muscles were measured. For normalization, the maximum isometric contraction of the shoulder flexion was measured at 90 ∘ (reference contraction). The integrated electromyographic value (IEMG) obtained during the task was …normalized by IEMG during the reference contraction and the relative IEMG value was calculated. Then, the scapular muscle activity ratio was computed. The relationship between muscle strength and other factors was also investigated. RESULTS: The median values for upper trapezius/serratus anterior and upper trapezius/lower trapezius were often approximately 1, and that for upper trapezius/middle trapezius was often between 1 and 2. The shoulder flexion isometric strength and scapular muscle activity ratio showed significant negative correlations in multiple phases. CONCLUSION: Normal values for upper trapezius/serratus anterior and upper trapezius/lower trapezius during arm elevation and lowering were generally 1. Low muscle strength may contribute to an abnormal scapular muscle activity balance. Show more
Keywords: Scapular muscle activity ratio, arm elevation, electromyography, muscle strength
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230217
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Afzal*, Muhammad Waqar | Ahmad, Ashfaq | Gilani, Syed Amir | Zulfaqar, Nimra | Fatima, Sahar | Mahmmod, Tahir
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Translation and validation of important scales in other languages reduce bias in reporting the functional status of the patient. OBJECTIVE: To translate the Back Pain Functional Scale into Urdu (BPFSu), adapt it for use in other cultures, and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHOD: According to Beaton guidelines, translation and cultural adaption was carried out. On 100 Urdu-literate men and women aged 18–60 years with lower back pain, the final BPFSu was assessed for psychometric qualities. First at baseline and again after 7 days, participants completed the BPFSu, the Functional Rating Index (FRI), and the …Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). RESULTS: Internal consistency of the BPFSu was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.937). No floor and ceiling effects were found Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.882, CI 95%; 0.830–0.919) was achieved. Spearman correlation coefficient showed criterion validity with the NPRS (rho = â 0.701, p ⩽ 0.001) and Pearson correlation coefficient showed construct validity with the FRI (r = â 0.740, p ⩽ 0.001). The minimum detectable changes were 9.96, while the standard error of measurement was 3.6. CONCLUSION: The BPFSu is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing physical function in individuals experiencing low back discomfort. Show more
Keywords: Back pain, back pain functional scale, translation, cross-cultural adaptation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230153
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Özbudak, Pınar | Karataş, Özlem | Kaçar, Cahit
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is common in postmenopausal women and is associated with low vitamin D intake, increased age, decreased absorption. Especially at advanced age, vitamin D deficiency may increase muscle weakness and disbalance resulting in increased risk of fracture. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the correlation between 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels and quadriceps muscle strength in postmenopausal women. METHODS: We evaluated bilateral qadriceps muscle strength in postmenopausal women with isokinetic test. We evaluated the correlation of muscle power with measurements of parathormone, vitamin D, Calcium, creatinine, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total …creatine kinase. RESULTS: The mean vitamin D level of 95 participants included in the study was 18.24 ± 8.94 ng/ml. Vitamin D levels were found to be deficient (< 10 ng/ml) in 23 (24.1%), insufficient in 62 (65.26%) and normal in 10 (10.53%) of the 95 participants. A weak negative correlation was observed between participants’ vitamin D levels and PT values (r = - 0.271, p = 0.012). A moderate negative correlation was found between ALP and vitamin D levels (r = - 0.317, p = 0.002). However, there was no significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the 60 ∘ and 90 ∘ flexion and extension peak torque values (All p values > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D levels and muscle strength weren’t statistically significant. Few studies are available in the related literature, highlighting the need for further research to achieve a clearer consensus. Show more
Keywords: Cholecalciferol, muscle strength correlation, postmenopause, vitamin D3
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230172
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Moreno-Navarro, Pedro | Sabido, Rafael | Barbado, David | Prat-Luri, Amaya | Vera-Garcia, Francisco J.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Body tilt changes could affect the intensity/difficulty of core stability exercises, but there is still a lack of knowledge about its impact. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the trunk muscles activation during prone plank exercises at different body tilts. METHODS: Twenty-four young adults who performed recreational gymnastic activities participated in this study. Electromyography activity of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) and erector spinae (ES) was recorded during the performance of six variations of the prone plank exercise (planking with feet supported on the ground [conventional horizontal position] and planking …with feet supported on wall bars at five different heights increasing the angle tilt) and an inverted position exercise. RESULTS: The RA, EO and IO activation in all prone plank variations were higher than those observed in the conventional prone plank. In addition, the coefficient of variation of the muscle activation increased with the declination angle, reaching the highest values in the inverted position for the RA and ES muscles. CONCLUSION: The results seem to indicate that the body tilt variation could be used as an easy and inexpensive strategy for modulating the neuromuscular demands and the motor control challenge during planking exercises. Show more
Keywords: Core stability, electromyography, load progression, training program
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230209
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: de Sire, Alessandro | Lippi, Lorenzo | Calafiore, Dario | Marotta, Nicola | Mezian, Kamal | Chiaramonte, Rita | Cisari, Carlo | Vecchio, Michele | Ammendolia, Antonio | Invernizzi, Marco
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vertebral fragility fractures (VFFs) commonly result from low bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration of bone tissue. spinal orthoses are common non-pharmacological options for managing vertebral fracture pain. However, the effects of spinal orthoses on pain, physical functioning, and quality of life (QoL) are still debated. OBJECTIVE: This survey aimed to investigate the patients-reported outcomes of a dynamic spinal orthosis prescribed in the routine clinical practice of VFFs management. METHODS: This multi-center national-wide prospective cohort study assessed older patients (aged > 60 years) diagnosed with acute VFFs and prescribed with a …dynamic spinal orthosis (Spinfast ® ). A survey questionnaire was realized and included sections on patient characterization, osteoporosis characterization, spinal orthosis, clinical outcomes, pain medications, and osteoporosis medications. The questionnaire was administered at baseline and after three months. A total of 68 patients completed the questionnaire at three months. Most patients had one or two VFFs and were treated with pain medications and osteoporosis medications. Compliance and tolerability of the spinal orthosis were assessed, and clinical outcomes such as pain intensity, physical functioning, and QoL were measured. RESULTS: The results showed no significant differences in outcomes between age subgroups. Italian physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians were commonly involved in the management of VFFs patients. Sixty-six patients completed the questionnaire. The results showed that pain intensity, physical functioning and QoL improved after three months of spinal orthosis wearing (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The correct management of VFFs is mandatory to improve pain and reduce disability, and our findings suggested a positive role of dynamic spinal orthosis to improve the comprehensive management of VFFs patients. However, high-quality research trials are warranted to provide clear recommendations for the correct clinical management of VFF. Show more
Keywords: Osteoporosis, rehabilitation, spinal orthoses, spine, vertebral fractures
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230177
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Cihan, Emine | Şahbaz Pirinççi, Cansu | Leblebicier, Merve Akdeniz
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathology that frequently affects the geriatric population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extent to which pain, functionality, and quality of life change over the progression of OA grades. METHOD: The study included 161 patients with bilateral OA, whose disease stages ranged from 1 to 4 according to the Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic classification system. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), functionality using the two-minute walk test and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, and quality of life using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). RESULTS: …There were significant differences between the groups in terms of age, weight, and body mass index. The VAS, two-minute walk test, and WOMAC scores also significantly differed between the groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in all domains of the NHP, except for energy (p < 0.05). The two-minute walk test score was negatively correlated with all the remaining evaluation parameters (p < 0.05). No correlation was found between the energy domain of the NHP and body mass index, the VAS score, the two-minute walk test distance, or the total WOMAC score (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: After grade 1, the functional impacts of OA on patients increased by an average of four times. Pain was one of the most basic symptoms, the severity of which started to increase in grade 2. With the added effect of diminishing walking capacity over time, the reduction in the quality of life of the patients accelerated as the OA grade progressed. Show more
Keywords: Osteoarthritis grade, function, pain, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230293
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023
Authors: Yoon, Ji-Yeon | Shin, Sun-Shil
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Step width during walking can provide important information about aging and pathology. Although knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease in elderly women, little is known about how different step widths influence gait parameters in patients with knee OA. OBJECTIVE: To address this, we investigated the differences between narrower and wider step width on the center of mass (CoM) and gait biomechanics of elderly women with knee OA. METHODS: Gait and CoM data were measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system and anthropometric data were acquired via standing full-limb radiography. Thirty elderly …women with knee OA were divided into two groups depending on the average step width value (0.16 m). Specifically, the narrower step width group included those with a below average step width (n = 15) and the wider step width group included those with an above average step width (n = 15). The differences between the two groups were analyzed using an independentt -test. RESULTS: Walking speed, step length, knee and ankle sagittal excursion, and medial-lateral CoM range were significantly greater in the narrower group. In contrast, the medial-lateral CoM velocity, medial-lateral ground reaction force (GRF), and foot progression angle were significantly higher in wider group. The external knee adduction moment, vertical GRF, and vertical CoM did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that step width in women with knee OA is associated with trunk motion and gait patterns. People with a narrower step might improve their gait function by increasing trunk frontal control to maintain gait stability. In contrast, in those with a wider step, greater toe out angle and shorter step length might be a compensatory adaptation to reduce knee loading. Show more
Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis, step width, gait stability, center of mass, joint loading
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230232
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Silver, Jacob | Mancini, Michael | Pavano, Colin | Bauer, Jordan | Barkay, Gal | Moss, Isaac | Mallozzi, Scott
Article Type: Case Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Distinguishing between cervical nerve root and intrinsic shoulder pathology can be a difficult task given the overlapping and often coexisting symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to highlight the often-complicated presentation of these symptoms and the subsequent potential for delay in care regarding this subset of patients. METHODS: A total of 9 patients, managed by one of two different surgeons, were identified with a history of C5 nerve root palsy. A chart review was conducted, and the following information was recorded: presenting complaint, time from symptom onset to diagnosis, time from …symptom onset to presentation to a spine surgeon, first specialist seen for symptoms, non-spinal advanced imaging and treatment conducted before diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative exam, time to recovery, and type of surgery. RESULTS: We observed an average time from onset of symptoms to presentation to a spine surgeon to be 31.6 weeks. These patients’ time to full recovery after cervical decompression was 15 weeks. CONCLUSION : We observed a critical delay to presentation in this series of patients with C5 nerve palsy. C5 nerve palsy should remain an elemental part of the differential diagnosis in the setting of any shoulder or neck pain presenting with weakness. Show more
Keywords: C5 palsy, cervical radiculopathy, shoulder pain, neck pain, spine surgery
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230182
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023
Authors: Wator, Jennifer | Battis, Aurora | Vellucci, Chris | Beaudette, Shawn M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rowing-related low back disorders may occur from inconsistent technique, high trunk flexion and training volumes, overactivation of paraspinal muscles, and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: To examine if kinesiology tape (KT) affixed to the trunk dorsum affects muscular co-activation and neuromuscular control to limit dangerous rowing movements and associated injuries. METHODS: Participants (n = 18) completed two 2000 m rowing trials under BASELINE and KT conditions. KT was applied to the skin superficial to the paraspinals bilaterally with 60% pre-strain. Participants were instructed to minimize any sensation of tension. Whole body …kinematics were obtained using inertial measurement units (IMUs), and surface electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from trunk and lower extremity. Changes in joint range-of-motion (ROM) and co-activation indices (CAIs) were analyzed for shoulder, lumbar, hip, and knee. RESULTS: Responding participants (n = 5) were identified by reduced maximum lumbar flexion during the KT condition. As expected, significant differences occurred in maximum and minimum lumbar flexion/extension between responders and non-responders to KT. Additionally, there was significant reduction in mean trunk muscle co-activation in both those who did and did not respond to KT through reductions in maximum lumbar flexion. CONCLUSION: KT can be an effective at reducing mean trunk co-activation during a rowing trial in the flexed catch position. Variable responses suggest that further work is necessary to optimize the efficacy of sensory cues derived from KT during rowing movements. Show more
Keywords: Electromyography, lower back pain, lumbar, sensory feedback
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230216
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Abujaber, Sumayeh | Altubasi, Ibrahim | Hamdan, Mohammad | Al-Zaben, Raed | Bani-Ahmad, Omar
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating condition that leads to functional limitations. Self-reported questionnaires and performance-based tests are tools commonly used for measuring physical function. OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the impact of end-stage knee OA on functional outcomes and examine the association between self-reported and performance-based measures of function in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis awaiting total knee arthroplasty (2) To explore the interrelationships among pain, strength, and overall physical function in this patient population. METHODS: In this cross-sectional analysis, 33 patients with end-stage knee OA were recruited and completed the knee …Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) and executed performance-based tests including the Timed Up and Go, the 30-second chair stand test, and the Stair Climbing Test. Knee pain, and isometric hip and knee strength were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients perceived deficits in their physical functionwith a score of 35/100 on the KOS-ADLS and demonstrated functional limitations in all performed tasks. KOS-ADLs was weakly associated with TUG and 30s-CST (r = - 0.301, p = 0.047, and r = 0.39, p = 0.014. respectively). Knee pain was linked with the KOS-ADL score and GRS score (r = - 0.406, p = 0.010; r = - 0.343, p = 0.027; respectively), while the strength of the affected side was correlated with the performed (p = < 0.001) and reported function outcomes (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Participants exhibit declines in both perceived and executed functional abilities. Self-reported and performance-based functional measures are weakly correlated within our study group, highlighting the importance of incorporating both measures in clinical practice for a comprehensive evaluation of physical function. Pain was linked to subjective aspect of physical function, while strength was connected to perceived and performed functional capacity. Implementing a tailored rehabilitation program targeting muscle weakness and pain holds the potential to mitigate functional decline in individuals awaiting total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Show more
Keywords: Patient reported outcome, functional performance, muscle strength, pain
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230256
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Bertelè, Laura | Giorgi, Valeria | Bellavite, Paolo | Apostolo, Giovanni | Ortolani, Riccardo | Fila, Alice | Zanolin, Elisabetta
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a complex condition whose pathogenesis may include inflammation and signs of joint and bone degeneration. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and inflammatory blood parameters. METHODS: The study recruited patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who attended the Rehabilitation Center of the Apostolo Foundation in Merate (LC). The scoliosis curve (Cobb’s angle) was used as a severity index to compare with inflammatory blood parameters (white blood cells subpopulations, immunoglobulins, protein electrophoresis). In addition, the study used …an overall severity grading called “Scoliosis Score” which includes all spine angles and Risser’s score (bone development index). RESULTS: Thirty-four subjects were recruited (mean age 14 years, 2 months), 30 females and 2 males. A significant correlation was found between Cobb’s angle and the percentage values of beta-2 globulins in a directly proportional manner (r = 0.42, p = 0.01), and gamma globulins in an inversely proportional manner (r = - 0.366, p = 0.04). However, no significant correlation between Cobb’s angle and the absolute values of white blood cells and percentage subpopulations was found (r = 0.0821 p = 0.655). A moderate, inverse correlation was found between the Scoliosis Score and the percentage of neutrophils (r = - 0.385, p = 0.02), a direct correlation was found between the Scoliosis Score and the percentage of lymphocytes (r = 0.404, p = 0.02). In addition, there was a strong correlation of the Scoliosis Score with alpha-2 globulin (r = 0.564, p = 0.0012), beta-1 globulin (r = 0.478, p = 0.0074), and beta-2 globulin (r = 0.370, p = 0.044) and an inverse relationship with gamma globulin (r = - 0.625, p = 0.0002). The main correlations were confirmed by regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The correlation between beta-2 globulins and gamma globulins with Cobb’s angle and the Scoliosis Score suggests a link between spinal curvature and inflammation in scoliosis patients, This link may indicate the significance of these parameters for diagnosing, staging the disease, and monitoring therapies. Show more
Keywords: Beta 2 globulins, cobb’s angle, electrophoresis, inflammation, plasma proteins, scoliosis
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230186
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Hou, Xiaofei | Hu, Hailiang | Kong, Chao | Zhang, Sitao | Wang, Wei | Lu, Shibao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The factors affecting lumbar spinal function in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study explored psoas major muscle morphology in patients with DLSS and its association with their functional status. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 288 patients with DLSS and 260 control subjects. Psoas major muscle evaluation included three morphometric parameters at the L3/4 disc level: psoas major index (PMI), muscle attenuation, and psoas major morphological changes (MPM). The association between psoas major morphology and functional status was assessed using the Oswestry disability index (ODI). …RESULTS: Both female and male patients with DLSS had a higher PMI and lower muscle attenuation. PMI and muscle attenuation were inversely correlated with age in the DLSS group. After multivariable analyses, the PMI and psoas major muscle attenuation were positively correlated with patients’ functional status. CONCLUSION: The PMI and muscle attenuation were positively correlated with functional status in patients with DLSS. These findings have important implications for physiotherapy programs of postoperative rehabilitation and conservative management of DLSS. Show more
Keywords: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, psoas major muscle, morphology, functional status, oswestry disability index
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230138
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Xu, Hanxiao | Liu, Heng
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patients with Parkinson’s disease frequently experience problems with balance and gait. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the influences of regular ankle isokinetic muscle strength training on muscle strength and balance ability amongst elderly women with mild Parkinson’s disease. METHODS: A total of 55 elderly women with mild Parkinson’s disease were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 28) and the control group (n = 27) for 16 weeks. The experimental group was trained for 16 weeks by using isokinetic muscle strength training. RESULTS: …After 16 weeks of training in the experimental group, the peak torque (PT) of ankle (average of the left and right sides) dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, eversion and inversion, and the standing balance index revealed that the left and right stability and overall stability indexes significantly increased by 25.9%, 43.5%, 62.7%, 82.8%, 37.1% and 32.2%, respectively (p < 0.05). The experimental group exhibited significantly increased PT of ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, eversion and inversion. Moreover, the left and right stability and overall stability indexes were significantly improved compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05). This study found a linear regression relationship between the PT of ankle inversion and overall stability index. CONCLUSION: This study determined that ankle isokinetic muscle strength training improved ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, eversion and inversion muscle strength, and balance ability amongst elderly women with mild Parkinson’s disease. However, it did not improve stability in the anterior and posterior directions. Ankle inversion muscle strength is more likely to affect overall balance. Show more
Keywords: Isokinetic training, muscle strength, mild Parkinson’s disease, balance
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230259
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Chokphukiao, Pakwipa | Amatachaya, Sugalya | Poncumhak, Puttipong | Intaruk, Roongnapa | Thaweewannakij, Thiwabhorn | Somboonporn, Charoonsak | Peungsuwan, Punnee | Amatachaya, Pipatana | Sooknuan, Thanat
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many older adults are at risk of sarcopenia, a gradual loss of muscle mass affecting muscle strength and physical function, which can lead to adverse health consequences deteriorating their independence. However, the detection could be delayed due to the requirement of many measures, including a complex imaging modality. Thus, an exploration for a practical community- or home-based measure would be helpful to identify at-risk older adults and begin the timely management. OBJECTIVE: To explore the ability of the upper limb loading during a seated push-up test (ULL-SPUT) to determine the presence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling …older adults. METHODS: Older adults (n = 110; 62 females, average age approximately 77 years) were cross-sectionally assessed for sarcopenia using standard measures (handgrip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and walking speed) and the ULL-SPUT. RESULTS: Data from standard measures indicated that 44 participants had sarcopenia. The ULL-SPUT index of < 16.9 kg/m 2 for females (sensitivity = 86%, specificity = 78%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.85) and < 19.7 kg/m 2 for males (sensitivity = 73%, specificity = 69%, AUC = 0.83) could optimally identify participants with sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: The ULL-SPUT index could be used to screen and monitor older adults with sarcopenia in various clinical, community, and home settings. This practical measure may be accomplished using a digital bathroom scale on a hard, even surface. Outcomes would identify an adult who should undergo further confirmation of sarcopenia through standard measures or the initiation of timely management to promote treatment effectiveness. Show more
Keywords: Body composition, community health services, frail elderly, muscle strength, health status
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230143
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Park, Donghwi | Choi, Jin-Woo | Chang, Min Cheol
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the application of various therapeutic methods, pain caused by complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is not sufficiently managed and often progresses to a chronic stage. For the systematic and effective treatment of CRPS, we developed an algorithm for multimodal medication therapy based on the established pathophysiology of CRPS to control CRPS-related pain. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we present the outcomes of our novel algorithm for multimodal medication therapy for patients with CRPS, consisting of three major components: multimodal oral medication, intravenous ketamine, and intravenous lidocaine therapy. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated patients …with CRPS who received multimodal therapy. Pain severity scores were evaluated using a numerical rating scale at four time points (P1, pain at initial consultation; P2, pain after oral medication; P3, pain after ketamine treatment; and P4, pain after lidocaine treatment). The effect of the multimodal medication therapy algorithm on pain management was evaluated at each time point. RESULTS: In patients with CRPS, multimodal oral medication, intravenous ketamine, and intravenous lidocaine therapies led to significantly improved pain control (p < 0.05). Additionally, the combination of these three therapies (through the multimodal medication therapy algorithm) resulted in significant pain relief in patients with CRPS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our multimodal medication therapy algorithm effectively controlled pain in patients with CRPS. However, further prospective studies with large sample sizes and randomized controlled trials are needed for more accurate generalization. Show more
Keywords: Complex regional pain syndromes, drug therapy, neuralgia, ketamine, lidocaine
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230179
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Soares, Denise | Abbady, Karim | Kasap, Suat | Shabanliyski, Dimitar
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Weightlifting is an Olympic sport for dynamic strength and power, and requires the execution of different lifting techniques It is important to analyze the forces subjected to the lower back during weightlifting movements to prevent injuries. Digital Human Modeling (DHM) is a powerful tool that can be used to analyze and optimize the performance of humans while doing their work or activities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to present a simulation analysis of the lower back forces during the execution of two weightlifting techniques: Snatch (SN) and Clean & Jerk (CJ), with different …loads and for both genders. METHODS: Digital Human modelling through JACK simulation package was used analyze the forces exerted on the lumbosacral area (L5-S1) of the lower back in order to determine the risk for low back injuries. The level of compression and shear forces recommended by the literature have been set as thresholds. The simulaitons were performed in male and female models, with loads from 20–100 kg. RESULTS: The results show that any weight higher than 60 kg in both movements poses risk for the weightlifters in terms of compression and shear forces. It has been observed that weightlifters can lift greater loads in the CJ technique compared to the SN technique. Furthermore, females are able to lift higher loads with lower risk of injuries. CONCLUSION: Weightlifting is a high-risk activity due to the high levels of shear and compression forces that the body is exposed to during the lifting techniques. Digital Human Modeling holds significant value due to their ability to facilitate the exploration of diverse conditions within a safe environment, devoid of any potential harm to human subjects. Show more
Keywords: Health, injury prevention, spine, female, male
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230181
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Öztürk, Nazan | Öter, Emine Gerçek | Abacıgil, Filiz | Ersungur, Ecem
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prolonged sitting and poor posture can contribute to musculoskeletal pain and have a negative effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among young adults. Any prolonged posture leads to static loading of soft tissues and causes discomfort. Seated posture leads to inactivity causing an accumulation of metabolites, accelerating disk degeneration and musculoskeletal pain. Regular exercise has major contributions to the prevention and treatment of some health problems such as musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of online posture exercises on musculoskeletal pain and health related quality of life among university students …receiving distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial involved 72 students divided into intervention (n = 35) and control (n = 37) groups. The intervention group followed an 8-week online stretching and posture exercise program. Baseline and 8-week results were measured using the SF-36 QoL Questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). RESULTS: Students spent an average of 5.4 ± 2.5 hours daily at computers. While there was no difference between the scores of any region in the CMDQ in the control group, there was a decrease in the neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, waist, left upper leg, right lower leg, and left lower leg discomfort scores in the intervention group (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the total score of SF-36 and the sub-dimensions of vitality and mental health (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The online posture exercise program led to notable reductions in musculoskeletal pain and improvements in QoL among university students. Examining the effectiveness of online exercise programs in different age groups is important for health benefits during quarantines. Show more
Keywords: Musculoskeletal pain, quality of life, posture, exercise
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230279
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2023
Authors: Pawłowska, Katarzyna Maria | Pawłowski, Jakub | Grochulska, Agnieszka
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hip osteoarthritis is a major civilizational challenge of the ageing population, usually due to the reduced function of gait. In the light of this fact, gait analysis has become an important issue for the doctor, the physiotherapist and the patient, as it serves as a useful tool in diagnosis, recovery, and rehabilitation. Pedobarography is one of the most modern gait analysis methods. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the distribution of pressure forces of the foot on the ground during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis. METHODS: Dynamic foot …tests were performed by means of a two-meter RSscan ® International platform, equipped with 16.384 sensors with the scanning frequency level exceeding 500 Hz. Patients were divided into two groups: the research group of N = 60 individuals with hip osteoarthritis, aged 52–84; and the control group of N = 32 individuals without hip osteoarthritis, aged 50–74. Data distribution analysis was performed with the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The differences between the mean results of maximal peak values of pressure and force in such areas as the big toe, metatarsal I, III, IV, V, lateral and medial heel are significantly lower in the research group than in the control group. Only in the area of metatarsal II, the mean value of pressure is higher in the research group than in the control group. For all metatarsals, the midfoot and medial heel mean results of the contact area are significantly higher in the research group than in the control group. The differences between mean load rate were also tested. The test revealed statistical significance of metatarsal II and III, and the medial heel while metatarsal II displayed a higher mean value in the research group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: The distribution of the pressure forces of the foot can indicate imbalances which cause degenerative changes. Therefore, early detection of changes can help in prevention or delay of hip osteoarthritis in conjunction with proper therapy. Show more
Keywords: Hip osteoarthritis, gait, pedobarography
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230195
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Passos, Muana Hiandra Pereira dos | Pícon, Sol Patrícia Beltrán | Batista, Gabriel de Amorim | Nascimento, Vinícius Yan Santos | Oliveira, Felipe Augusto da Silva | Locks, Francisco | Pitangui, Ana Carolina Rodarti | de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain is prevalent in workers’ health and functional performance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a physical exercise program on low back pain and disability in fruit workers. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial assigned 44 workers (37 ± 9 years) to two groups. The experimental group consisted of 10 men and 12 women with an average age of 38 (± 9) years, and the control group consisted of 8 men and 14 women with an average age of 36 (± 10) years. The experimental group (EG) performed …a program of strength and flexibility exercises for eight weeks, twice a week. The control group (CG) received minimal care, with a booklet with guidelines for performing exercises. The primary outcomes included changes in perceived disability and the intensity of pain evaluated by the Rolland-Morris questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Scale, respectively. All outcomes were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in the within-group analysis, with a mean reduction in pain intensity in the EG and CG of - 4.55 (95%CI - 7.01 to - 2.09) and - 3.81 (95%CI 1.72–5.90), respectively. For disability, a reduction of - 4.45 (95% CI - 8.89 to - 0.02) was observed in the EG and of - 4.43 (- 7.38 to - 1.48) in the CG. There were no significant differences in the between-groups analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The exercise program was not superior to using the educational booklet. However, both interventions showed substantial decreases in pain and disability levels. Show more
Keywords: Low back pain, occupational health, farmer, exercise
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230201
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Kudo, Shintarou | Hatanaka, Mizuki | Kanazawa, Seiya | Hirakawa, Keisuke | Hara, Shigeyuki | Tsutsumi, Masahiro
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Short foot exercises (SFE) take a long time to master and require a feedback tool to improve motor learning. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of bio-feedback of talonavicular joint movements in learning SFE with ultrasound (US) imaging. METHODS: This study included thirty-one healthy volunteers and was designed as a double-blind randomized control trial. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the control group, which performed SFE under verbal instruction, and the US bio-feedback (USBF) group, which performed SFE with real-time bio-feedback of the talonavicular joint alignment. All subjects …underwent two sessions of 5 minutes each, and SFE was performed as a self-exercise, between sessions, for one week. The difference in foot length and navicular height were assessed at baseline, after Session 1, before Session 2, and one week after Session 2. These differences were compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: In terms of navicular height change, the USBF group (7.5 ± 4.3 mm) was significantly higher than the control group (4.2 ± 3.3 mm) one week after session 2 (p = 0.04, effect size = 0.86). CONCLUSION: SFE with USBF is an effective intervention for performing SFE. Show more
Keywords: Foot exercise, ultrasonography, motor learning, bio-feedback
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230163
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Deen, Nazar | Akhtar, Saeed | Qazi, Fawad Hafeez | Uzair, Rahila | Khan, Mohammad | Tasneem, Sharjeel
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cervical radiculopathy is a common condition encountered in clinical practice and is characterized by compression or irritation of the nerve roots in the cervical spine. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of manual intermittent cervical longitudinal mobilization (mICLM) and therapeutic modalities in managing acute, sub-acute and chronic radiculopathy pain. METHODS: This was a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Individuals with radiculopathies were randomized into interventional; (IG, n = 18) receiving mICLM and control group; (CG, n = 17), receiving Microwave Diathermy (MWD) and …transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) at the cervico-dorsal area daily for two weeks. The neck pain disability index (NPDI), numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and global rating of change score (GRoC) were used as outcome measures. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.0. RESULTS: Both mICLM and MWD with TENS were equally effective in reducing the pain and disability in either group. However, it was noted that mICLM had a better impact on acute, sub-acute and chronic cases of radiculopathy pain comparatively. Mean age was 42.3 (SD = ± 10.9) years. 54.3% were between the age group of 40–60 years out of which 51.4% were male and 48.6% were female. 51.4% were in IG and 48.6% were in CG. The mean comparison of NPAD and NPRS within groups was significant with p < 0.01 * . Post treatment mean comparison of NPAD outcomes in IG and CG remain significant with p = 0.004 * and p < 0.01 * respectively. The post NPAD and NPRS between IG and CG were found statistically insignificant with p = 0.75 and p = 0.57 respectively. CONCLUSION: mICLM and therapeutic modalities showed similar outcomes in managing radiculopathy pain. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the effectiveness of these interventions in larger patient populations. Show more
Keywords: Cervical pain, radiculopathy, pain stages, longitudinal mobilizations, therapeutic agents, exercises, and outcome measures
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230154
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Lee, Jun-Hyeok | Jeon, Hye-Seon | Park, Joo-Hee | Kim, Ji-Hyun | Kwon, Oh-Yun | Choi, Woochol Joseph | Kim, Young-Ho | Kim, Jong-Man
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Maintaining correct posture and optimal spine function has become an important issue due to the increased use of computers and smartphones. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a 4-week downhill treadmill exercise (DTWE) program on participants with thoracic kyphosis and forward head posture (FHP). METHODS: Twenty-eight male participants were randomly assigned to the DTWE (n = 14) or standard treadmill walking exercise (STWE) (n = 14) group. They performed 30-minute exercise three times a week for 4 weeks. The vertebral angle was measured …using a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system. Surface electromyography (EMG) was performed to record muscle activity in the thoracic erector spinae (TES), sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), and cervical erector spinae (CES). RESULTS: The DTWE group showed significant increases in the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and TES EMG activity and significant decreases in the thoracic kyphosis angle and SCM and CES EMG activity compared with those shown by the STWE group following the intervention (p < 0.05). However, lumbar lordosis or pelvic tilt angles did not differ significantly between the groups after the intervention (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: DTWE can be effective in reducing thoracic kyphosis and FHP without causing compensatory movements of the lumbar spine and pelvis. Show more
Keywords: Electromyography, kinematics, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230187
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023
Authors: Scaturro, Dalila | de Sire, Alessandro | Vitagliani, Fabio | Lo Nardo, Davide | Tomasello, Sofia | Ammendolia, Antonio | Letizia Mauro, Giulia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Muscle injuries are common traumatic events in the clinical practice of the rehabilitation field. There is still a gap in the scientific literature on the effectiveness of physical agent modalities in the management of muscle injuries in athletes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cryo plus ultrasound therapy com-pared to diathermy in combination with high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) for pain relief in professional footballers with muscle injuries. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on 31 professional footballers with a muscle injury of the lower limbs. Of these, …17 patients, assigned to a Group A (AG), were treated with HILT and cryoultrasound therapy; the remaining 14 patients, assigned to a Group B (BG), underwent HILT and diathermy. We assessed the extent of the pain, the size of the muscle injury, frequency of recurrence and number of days to recovery, at the time of recruitment, at the end of the rehabilitation and 3 months after the injury. RESULTS: Group A athletes had a greater benefit on pain (4.65 ± 0.61 vs 3.24 ± 0.63; p < 0.05) and muscle injury recurrence. The return to play in the athletes of group A took place 4.73 days earlier. CONCLUSION: HILT and cryo plus ultrasound therapy, in combination with therapeutic exercise, rep-resent a valid strategy in the treatment of muscle injuries in professional footballers. Show more
Keywords: Athletic injuries, physical therapies, rehabilitation, muscle performance, football
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230265
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Demoulin, Christophe | Timmermans, Annick | Grosdent, Stéphanie | Danneels, Lieven
Article Type: Other
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230401
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-2, 2023
Authors: Hirota, Kento | Watanabe, Kota | Miyamoto, Hiroki | Negishi, Keisuke | Watase, Mako | Teramoto, Atsushi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The intrinsic foot muscles play an important role in medial longitudinal arch support, as well as several extrinsic foot muscles. While various strength training methods specific to intrinsic foot muscles have been conducted, these exercises are associated with certain concerns regarding their effectiveness and difficulty. We developed a new exercise for the intrinsic muscles (MTP flexion exercise). OBJECTIVE: The aim was to compare the shear modulus of the toe flexors as the muscle contraction activity during MTP flexion and short-foot exercises using ultrasound shear wave elastography. METHODS: Eleven healthy participants were included …in this study. The shear modulus of the toe flexor muscles was measured during MTP flexion and short-foot exercises using ultrasound shear wave elastography. The muscle shear modulus was statistically compared between the resting phase, and during the two exercises. RESULTS: The shear modulus during MTP flexion exercise was significantly greater than in the resting phase in the abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, quadratus plantae, and flexor digitorum longus. The flexor digitorum longus showed greater shear modulus during MTP flexion exercise than during short-foot exercise. CONCLUSION: MTP flexion exercise showed equivalent or greater contraction activity in certain intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles when compared with short-foot exercise. This exercise is considered one of the training options for strengthening the intrinsic muscles of the foot. Show more
Keywords: Toe flexor strength, intrinsic foot muscle, foot exercise, shear modulus
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230282
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2024
Authors: Zheng, Patricia | Ewing, Susan | Tang, Angelina | Black, Dennis | Hue, Trisha | Lotz, Jeffrey | Peterson, Thomas | Torres-Espin, Abel | O’Neill, Conor
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tools, such as the STarTBack Screening Tool (SBT), have been developed to identify risks of progressing to chronic disability in low back pain (LBP) patients in the primary care population. However, less is known about predictors of change in function after treatment in the specialty care population. OBJECTIVE: We pursued a retrospective observational cohort study involving LBP patients seen in a multidisciplinary specialty clinic to assess which features can predict change in function at follow-up. METHODS: The SBT was administered at initial visit, and a variety of patient characteristics were available in …the chart including the presence of chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs). Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-10 (PROMIS-10) global physical health (PH) and global mental health (MH) were measured at baseline and at pragmatic time points during follow-up. Linear regression was used to estimate adjusted associations between available features and changes in PROMIS scores. RESULTS: 241 patients were followed for a mean of 17.0 ± 7.5 months. Mean baseline pain was 6.7 (SD 2.1), PROMIS-10 global MH score was 44.8 (SD 9.3), and PH score was 39.4 (SD 8.6). 29.7% were low-risk on the SBT, 41.8% were medium-risk, and 28.5% were high-risk. Mean change in MH and PH scores from baseline to the follow-up questionnaire were 0.86 (SD 8.11) and 2.39 (SD 7.52), respectively. Compared to low-risk patients, high-risk patients had a mean 4.35 points greater improvement in their MH score (p = 0.004) and a mean 3.54 points greater improvement in PH score (p = 0.006). Fewer COPCs also predicted greater improvement in MH and PH. CONCLUSIONS: SBT and the presence of COPC, which can be assessed at initial presentation to a specialty clinic, can predict change in PROMIS following treatment. Effort is needed to identify other factors that can help predict change in function after treatment in the specialty care setting. Show more
Keywords: Non-surgical spine care, precision medicine, specialty clinic, low back pain
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230067
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Miçooğulları, Mehmet | Yüksel, İnci | Angın, Salih
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cranio-cervico-mandibular (CCM) malalignment is associated with forward head posture (FHP) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders and affects masticatory muscles. OBJECTIVE: This randomized, double-blind controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy of scapula-thoracic (ST) exercises on temporomandibular and cervical joint position sense and postural stability in individuals with CCM malalignment. METHODS: Fourty-nine participants with CCM malalignment were randomly assigned to the ST exercise group (STEG, n = 24) or the control group (CG, n = 25). STEG included progressive strengthening, proprioceptive, and stabilization …exercises. All participants were assessed before treatment, at the end of the 8th week treatment period and at the 12th week post-treatment follow-up. Cranio-vertebral angle measurement, Fonseca’s Questionnaire, Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index, TMJ position test, cervical joint position error test and postural stability assessment were used. RESULTS: The TMJ and cervical joint position sense, total sway degree, area gap percentage, sway velocity and antero-posterior body sway results showed significant improvement in the STEG compared to the CG (p < 0.05), however medio-lateral body sway did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Postural stability, TMJ and cervical joint position sense appear to be affected in individuals with CCM malalignment. Our results showed that an exercise program including ST stabilization, proprioception and strengthening of the scapular muscles may be effective in the management of CCM malalignment and will allow clinicians to plan holistic treatment. Show more
Keywords: Temporomandibular joint disorders, exercise therapy, proprioception, posture
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230323
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Hengsomboon, Ninwisan | Vongsirinavarat, Mantana | Bovonsunthonchai, Sunee | Thawalyawichachit, Laddawan | Hengsomboon, Pichaya
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between changes occurring in the spine and lower body parts is not well understood in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). OBJECTIVES: The first aim of the study was to investigate the association of scoliosis with lower extremity (LE) alignments, foot characteristics, and muscle strengths in adolescents. Secondly, comparisons of the data among AIS with single and double curves and control groups were determined. METHODS: Thirty-one participants were recruited and classified into 3 groups; AIS with a single curve (n = 7), AIS with double curves (n …= 14), and controls (n = 10). Association of the presence of scoliosis with LE alignments (Q and TC angles), LE muscle strengths (hip, knee, and ankle), and foot characteristics (arch indexes) were examined using the point biserial correlation, and the data among three groups were compared using the ANOVA. RESULTS: Scoliosis was associated with Q angle, arch indexes, and all LE muscle strengths except for hip extensors and ankle plantar flexors strengths. Comparisons among the three groups showed significant increases in LE alignments and foot characteristics in AIS. Almost all LE muscle strengths decreased in AIS, especially for the single curve group. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from spinal deformity, the AIS has changed in LE alignments, muscle strengths, and foot characteristics. Therapists should consider these associations and alterations for designing proper management. Show more
Keywords: Scoliosis, spinal curvatures, lower extremity, muscle strength, flatfoot
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230220
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Jiménez-Sánchez, Carolina | Cordova-Alegre, Paula | Carpallo-Porcar, Beatriz | Burgos-Bragado, Jose Manuel | Sanjuan-Sánchez, Daniel | Brandín-de la Cruz, Natalia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, the use of radiofrequency diathermy for the treatment of neck pain is booming. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Digital Capacitive Diathermy (DCD® ) on stiffness, pain, cervical range of motion, and cervical disability and to compare it with ultrasound (US) in patients with latent myofascial trigger point (MTrP) in the upper trapezius. METHODS: Nineteen participants with latent MTrPs in the upper trapezius were included in the assessor-masked, randomized, clinical crossover trial. Subjects were exposed to both interventions: US and DCD® and treatment effectiveness was measured …by myotonometric variables, pressure pain threshold (PPT), visual analog scale (VAS), cervical side-bending flexion ranges, and the neck disability index scale (NDI). RESULTS: There were no significant differences between US and DCD® interventions regarding changes in outcome measures. The US group achieved a statistically significant difference of 2.16 to 1.13 points (p = 0.005; r = 0.646) for the VAS. The DCD® intervention showed a statistically significant improvement of 1.11 points for the NDI at 1-week following intervention (95% CI 0.14–2.07; p = 0.27; d = 0.217). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that DCD® and US can both be considered effective modalities for the treatment of latent MTrPs, having a longer duration of action with DCD® therapy. Show more
Keywords: Ultrasound therapy, diathermy, radiofrequency, myofascial trigger point, upper trapezius
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230296
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Wu, Zhiming | Huang, Guoxin | Ai, Jinwei | Liu, Ying | Pei, Bin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability, but data on the burden and trends of low back pain (LBP) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are sparse. OBJECTIVE: To assess trends in the burden of LBP among AYAs aged 15–39 years at the global, regional and national levels from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 were used to analyze incidence, prevalence and Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) due to LBP at global, regional, and national levels. Joinpoint regression analysis …calculated the average annual percentage changes (AAPC). Then analyse the association between incidence, prevalence and DALYs and socioeconomic development using the GBD Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Finally, projections were made until 2030 and calculated in Nordpred. RESULTS: The incidence, prevalence and DALYs rates (95%UI) were 2252.78 (1809.47–2784.79), 5473.43 (4488.62–6528.15) and 627.66 (419.71–866.97) in 2019, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rates AAPC (95%CI) were - 0.49 (- 0.56 to - 0.42), - 0.58 (- 0.65 to - 0.51) and - 0.57 (- 0.64 to - 0.5), respectively. Incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rates in South Asia, East Asia, High-income North America, Western Europe, and Australasia decreased with SDI. Incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rates in Central Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe decreased and then increased with SDI. At the national level, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rates are high in the United States and low in India and China. From the 2020 to 2030, most regions is predicted to decline. CONCLUSION: LBP in AYAs is a major global public problem with a high burden. There are large differences in incidence, prevalence and DALYs across SDIs, regions and countries. there is still a need to focus on LBP in AYAs and tailor interventions to reduce the future burden of this condition. Show more
Keywords: Low back pain, adolescent, young adult, global burden of disease
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230215
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Liu, Yayun | Tang, Xiaozheng | Ding, Yuanjun | Li, Jingtang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The clavicle is recognized as the bone most vulnerable to fractures. Moreover, approximately 80% of fractures occur in the middle third of the clavicle. Conservative treatment is associated with a higher rate of nonunion, while surgical treatment of fracture via internal fixation may have a variety of postoperative complications. Therefore, to improve patient satisfaction and reduce the complications related to internal fixation techniques, we modified the surgical approach to external fixation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the modified intervention’s prospects for clinical application. METHODS: A total of 36 patients …with middle clavicle fractures were treated with screw–rod external fixation between April 2015 and October 2019. We observed the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, and fracture healing time. The patients were followed up regularly, and the clinical efficacy of the modified intervention was evaluated. Finally, the patients’ shoulder function was assessed based on the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score. RESULTS: For the screw–rod external fixation, the mean operative time was found to be 48.6 ± 6.8 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 30.6 ± 17.2 mL, the length of hospital stay was 4.5 ± 1.5 days, and the fracture healing time was 2.8 ± 0.4 months. Eventually, all the patients healed well, with the combined “excellent” and “good” rate of shoulder function being assessed to be as high as 94.44%. Furthermore, the DASH scores were all less than 10, with the average score being 4.65 ± 3.34. CONCLUSIONS: The screw–rod external fixation technique offers the advantages of convenience, reliability, and good aesthetics, suggesting that it could be used as an alternative treatment method for fractures of the middle third of the clavicle. Show more
Keywords: Treating fractures, middle third of the clavicle, screw–rod external fixation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220424
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2023
Authors: Çalışkan, Zehra | Alaca, Nuray | Kablan, Nilüfer
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In individuals with transfemoral amputation (TFA), adaptations caused by prosthesis use may adversely affect contractile/noncontractile structures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immediate effect of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) kinesiology taping (KT) on the tone and stiffness of the fascia, low back pain (LBP) and standing balance in individuals with TFA. METHODS: Syrian male participants with TFA were enrolled in the prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Participants were divided into two groups: Experimental (EG with KT, n = 15) and Control (CG with sham KT, n = …14). A 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was performed, after which KT was applied. Measurements were taken at baseline, immediately after the 6MWT and 30 minutes after KT. RESULTS: Although pain decreased below baseline in both groups at 30 minutes post intervention (p < 0.001), the rate of pain reduction was significantly higher in the EG (p = 0.016). Anterior-posterior sway with eyes open improved significantly 30 minutes after KT application only in the EG (p = 0.010). In the eyes closed condition, anterior-posterior and medio-lateral sway decreased significantly compared to baseline 30 minutes after taping in the EG (p = 0.010- 0.032). CONCLUSION: KT can be used as an effective method to support standing balance and reduce LBP in individuals with TFA. Show more
Keywords: Amputation, fascia, low back ache, standing balance
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230314
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Unuvar, Bayram Sonmez | Tufekci, Osman | Gercek, Hasan | Torlak, Mustafa Savas | Erbas, Onur
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unilateral osteoarthritis (OA) affects single knees and presents a unique scenario where individuals experience varying degrees of symptoms between their affected and unaffected knees. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate differences in muscle tightness between symptomatic and asymptomatic knees in individuals with unilateral knee OA while exploring the interplay among pain, functionality, and muscle tightness. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, thirty knee OA patients underwent assessments for hamstring (Active Knee Extension, Straight Leg Raise), iliotibial band (Ober Test), and quadriceps tightness (Modified Thomas Test). Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog …Scale (VAS), and functional limitations were evaluated via the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). RESULTS: A negative correlation was observed between participants’ pain and AKE (p = 0.004, r = - 0.515), ASLR (p = 0.27, r = - 0.403), Ober (p = 0.010, r = - 0.461) values. However, no significant correlation was found with the Modified Thomas value (p = 0.204, r = - 0.239). There was also a negative correlation between participants’ WOMAC scores and AKE (p = 0.019, r = - 0.427), OBER (p = 0.004, r = - 0.510), and Modified Thomas (p = 0.022, r = - 0.416) values, while ASLR (p = 0.286, r = - 0.202) values showed no significant correlation. Comparisons between AKE, Ober, and Modified Thomas values showed higher values in asymptomatic extremities (AKE: p = 0.025, Ober: p = 0.021, Modified Thomas: p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the significance of muscle tightness in the symptomatic extremities of individuals with unilateral knee OA. The results indicate that increased muscle tightness makes pain worse and limits movement. It’s crucial for healthcare providers treating OA to focus on improving muscle flexibility, reducing pain, and enhancing overall function. Show more
Keywords: Hamstring muscles, knee, muscle tightness, osteoarthritis, quadriceps muscle
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230373
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Cheng, Jinling | Han, Dongmiao | Qu, Jiayang | Liu, Zicai | Huang, Ying
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: With lifestyle changes, the prevalence of flatfoot is increasing year by year, with a prevalence of 29%. Flatfoot will lead to an inevitable injury and reduce the quality of life. Short foot exercises can enhance the strength of the intrinsic muscles of the foot and improve the symptoms of flatfoot. However, there is controversy regarding its specific efficacy. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis quantitatively evaluates the effect of short foot training on patients with flatfeet and provides evidence to inform the clinical approach to short foot training in patients with flat feet. METHODS: A …total of eight databases were searched, including CNKI, WANFANG, VIP, and CBM in Chinese and PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase in English. The timeframe for searching the literature was March 2023 for each database build. English database search terms and search formulas were: (flat foot OR talipes valgus OR talipes calcaneovalgus) AND (short foot exercises OR physical therapy OR neurophysiotherapy). RESULTS: The current pooled results show no significant difference in the improvement of the navicular drop test and foot posture index with short foot exercises compared to controls; only short foot exercises greater than 6 w showed a significant improvement in the navicular drop test, and sensitivity analysis showed a significant improvement in the foot posture index with short foot exercises. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that short foot exercises need a larger sample size to find their effect on improving flat feet; the duration of the intervention is a factor. As most studies are currently unclear whether the participants were patients with flat feet or asymptomatic individuals with flat feet the disease syndrome in patients with flatfoot may also be a factor. Show more
Keywords: Pes planus, flexible flatfoot, exercises
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230226
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Li, Lin | Li, Ju | He, Mu
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Acupuncture, traditional Chinese herb hot compress and rehabilitation training is useful in post-stroke shoulder–hand syndrome (SHS), but it is less commonly used in combination. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the therapeutic efficacy of a combination of acupuncture, traditional Chinese herb hot compress and rehabilitation training in SHS patients. METHOD: Patients diagnosed with post-stroke SHS and treated from January 2022 to March 2023 at Beijing Friendship Hospital and Beijing Pinggu Hospital were selected and randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). Group A received conventional rehabilitative treatment (35 cases), Group B underwent conventional …rehabilitative treatment + acupuncture (35 cases), and Group C received conventional rehabilitative treatment + acupuncture + traditional Chinese herb hot compress treatment (35 cases). The post-treatment effectiveness rate, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, activities of daily living (ADL) score, Fugel–Meyer assessment (FMA) score, SHS assessment scale (SHSS) score and shoulder joint mobility were compared among the three groups. RESULTS: The post-treatment VAS score (F VAS score = 232.512, P < 0.001), FMA score (F FMA score = 239.412, P < 0.001), ADL score (F ADL score = 412.634, P < 0.001), SHSS score (F SHSS score = 212.542, P < 0.001) and shoulder joint mobility (F Shoulder Joint Mobility = 197.531, P < 0.001) all showed statistically significant differences. The VAS and SHSS scores decreased in the order of Group A > Group B > Group C, while the FMA, ADL and shoulder joint mobility scores increased in the order of Group C > Group B > Group A. The post-treatment effectiveness rates (χ 2 = 48.510, P < 0.001) also exhibited statistically significant differences, decreasing in the order of Group C (94.29%) > Group B (82.86%) > Group A (71.43%). CONCLUSION: The treatment efficacy of the combined acupuncture, traditional Chinese herb hot compress and rehabilitation training for SHS patients is significant, warranting its clinical promotion. Show more
Keywords: Acupuncture therapy, stroke rehabilitation, shoulder joint
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230267
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Jung, Do Hun | Lee, Sang-Eok | Park, Dougho | Lee, Jang Woo
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: An electrodiagnostic evaluation is conducted to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and evaluate its severity. OBJECTIVE: This study proposes a revised approach for classifying the severity of electrophysiological findings for patients with CTS. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients with CTS confirmed through electrodiagnostic evaluations. Based on the Stevens’ classification, the patients were divided into three groups (mild/moderate/severe). A new intermediate group was defined to identify patients with normal motor nerve conduction studies and abnormal electromyographic results. CTS pain was evaluated using a numeric rate scale. Physical examinations and sonographic evaluation …were performed to detect anatomical abnormalities. RESULTS: Overall, 1,069 CTS hands of 850 CTS patients were included. The mean age was 57.9 ± 10.8 years, and 336 (39.5%) were men. There were 522 (48.8%) mild cases; 281 (26.3%) moderate cases; and 266 (24.9%) severe cases. In the severe group, 49 cases were reclassified into the intermediate group. The median cross-sectional area in the intermediate group significantly differed from that in the severe group. However, the pain score significantly differed from that of the moderate group. CONCLUSION: The intermediate CTS group showed clinical features that were intermediate to those of the moderate and severe CTS groups. Show more
Keywords: Nerve compression syndromes, classification, neurophysiology, ultrasonography
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230275
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Lippi, Lorenzo | de Sire, Alessandro | Turco, Alessio | Santi, Roberto Mario | Polverelli, Marco | Ammendolia, Antonio | Follenzi, Antonia | Invernizzi, Marco
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hemophilic arthropathy is a detrimental condition that crucially affects functional outcomes in hemophilic patients. In recent years, due to the advances in systemic therapies, growing attention has been raised in the rehabilitation field in order to improve functional outcomes of hemophilic patients. However, the optimal rehabilitation modalities in these patients are far from being fully characterized. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to assess the effects of different rehabilitation interventions on physical functioning and health-related quality of life of hemophilic arthropathic patients. METHODS: The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and …Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Five databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until June 22nd, 2023. The selection criteria included adult patients with hemophilia A and B receiving rehabilitation interventions. The outcomes were muscle strength, physical function, pain intensity, physical performance, and health-related quality of life. RESULTS: Out of 1,743 identified records, 17 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Rehabilitation interventions were categorized into exercise intervention, fascial therapy, and multimodal intervention. The findings suggested positive outcomes in terms of muscle modifications, range of motion improvements, joint health enhancements, pain intensity reduction, and quality of life improvements. More in detail, meta-analyses showed significant improvements in pain intensity [ES: - 1.10 cm (- 1.37, - 0.82), p < 0.00001], joint health [ES: - 1.10 (- 1.38, - 0.82), p < 0.00001], In accordance, exercise interventions showed significant benefits in terms of joint health [ES: - 2.54 (- 3.25, - 1.83), p < 0.00001)] and quality of life [ES: 1.17 (0.48, 1.86), p < 0.0000)]. CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation interventions have a positive impact on functional outcomes and health-related quality of life of hemophilic arthropathic patients. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the role of a comprehensive intervention combining different rehabilitation approaches to treat hemophilic arthropathy. Show more
Keywords: Hemophilia, rehabilitation, fascial therapy, physical exercise, muscle, hemophilic arthropathy
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230320
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Cai, Congcong | Gazali, Nurul Adliah | Tan, Xin Ning | Soon, Benjamin | Lee, Adrian Thian Huat | Aw, Qian Wen Simone | Dana, Dharini D/O | Kwok, Joanne Ching Tung | Kwa, Mei Jun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The psoas major (PM) has been identified as a potential contributor to chronic low back pain (LBP). However, few studies have investigated the effects of upright functional movement on PM activation in cLBP individuals. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aims to compare PM muscle activation characteristics in chronic LBP (cLBP) and healthy subjects during the transition from quiet double-leg standing to standing hip flexion. METHODS: Ultrasound Imaging was used to assess PM thickness at the lumbar vertebral level of L4–5 in 12 healthy and 12 cLBP participants. The changes in thickness between the test positions …were utilized as a proxy for PM activation. RESULTS: The cLBP group exhibited greater thickness changes on the non-dominant side PM during contralateral hip flexion but not ipsilateral hip flexion (p = 0.369) compared to their healthy counterparts (p = 0.011; cLBP: resting 27.85 mm, activated 34.63 mm; healthy: resting 29.51 mm, activated 29.00 mm). There were no significant differences in dominant side PM thickness changes between the two groups during either contralateral or ipsilateral hip flexion (p = 0.306 and p = 0.077). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a potential overactivation of the PM in the cLBP population. This insight may aid in the development of tailored rehabilitation programs. Show more
Keywords: Low back pain, psoas muscles, muscle contraction, ultrasonography
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230384
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Zhoua, Xiao-Bin | Guan, Jian
Article Type: Case Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: To effectively address severe deformities at the fracture site in patients, meticulous preoperative preparation is essential. This involves ensuring the restoration of the normal structural force line of the affected area and prevention of any residual deformities. By utilizing E3D technology prior to surgery, creating models based on individual patient image data and performing osteotomy, the required surgical parameters can be measured, thereby reducing surgical risks and enhancing precision. CASE PRESENTATION: This article documents a case involving a fractured femoral shaft resulting in femoral deformation. In this case, computer-aided design technology was employed for preoperative …planning and data measurement to guide the corrective osteotomy and fracture fixation procedures. CONCLUSION: The E3D software utilizes advanced techniques such as customized osteotomy, virtual reduction and internal fixation insertion technology. This enables the software to accurately pre-select the correction of femoral deformities and determine the appropriate specifications and types of internal implants. As a result, the software can create precise, rational, and personalized repair plans tailored to each patient’s needs. Show more
Keywords: Computer-aided technology, corrective osteotomy, digital modeling, fracture reduction
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230235
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Nannan | Chen, Jianmin | Wang, Zhiyong | Ni, Jun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: After undergoing fibula-free flap harvest, patients may experience complications such as ankle instability. It remains unclear whether these patients have deficits of proprioception, and the recovery process is also uncertain. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to objectively evaluate proprioception on the donor and normal side of surgical patients during long-term follow-up using the Pro-kin system. METHODS: This study enrolled 36 patients who underwent reconstruction of the head and neck using osseous free flaps harvested from the fibula. Each patient underwent pre-operative evaluations and was subsequently evaluated at postoperative months 1, 3, 6, and …12. The study assessed the proprioceptive evaluation of the lower limbs, muscle function, range of motion of the ankle, and donor side complications. RESULTS: On the donor side, the average trace error (ATE) at postoperative month 1 was significantly higher than pre-operation, postoperative months 6 and 12 (P < 0.05). The test execution time (TTE) at postoperative month 1 was significantly increased by 9.875s compared to the pre-operative levels (P = 0.012, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4: 1.877–17.873) and by 11.583s compared to postoperative month 12 (P = 0.007, 95% CI: 2.858–20.309). The reduction in range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion was most pronounced at postoperative month 1, exhibiting an 11.25∘ decrease compared to pre-operative levels (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 6.304–16.16). Although the range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion gradually improved over time at postoperative months 3, 6, and 12, it remained lower than pre-operative levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study revealed that the patients exhibited proprioceptive disturbances in both lower limbs at postoperative month 1. The proprioceptive function gradually improved over time, with a gradual decrease in donor site complications. Show more
Keywords: Fibula-free flap harvest, proprioception, pro-kin system, ankle instability, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230436
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Koca, Tuba Tülay | Özer, Alev
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, many pregnant women experience lumbopelvic pain due to mechanical, systemic, and hormonal reasons and this pain and fear of movement (kinesiophobia) causes daily life limitations. OBJECTIVE: To examine low back pain (LBP), kinesiophobia, disability, and related conditions that develop together during pregnancy. METHODS: The was a cross-sectional and analytical study. The presence, severity, and duration of pain in the lumbopelvic region were questioned. Postpartum LBP was evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire, disability using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), pain intensity using a visual analog scale (VAS), physical activity levels using …the physical activity level during pregnancy questionnaire and the international physical activity questionnaire short form, and kinesiophobia was evaluated using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. RESULTS: The study comprised 120 pregnant women with a mean age of 27.4 ± 6.1 years. It was observed that 42.3% of the pregnant had LBP (n = 69). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 73.6 ± 16.2 kg/m2 , and the mean VAS score was 5.5 ± 2 cm. When we divided the group according to the presence of LBP, age (p = 0.49), gestational week (p = 0.75), and gravida (p = 0.81) were similar. BMI (p = 0.038) and ODI scores (p < 0.001) were higher in the group with LBP. CONCLUSION: LBP in pregnant women has a higher frequency than in the normal population, regardless of age, gestational week, and gravida. Obesity appears to be a risk factor for LBP and increases disability. Kinesiophobia in pregnant women is significantly associated with obesity and disability. Unless there are contraindications, a physically active pregnancy process and regular exercise should be recommend. Show more
Keywords: Lumbopelvic pain, disability, exercise, pregnancy
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-240006
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Nakata, Akimi | Osuka, Satoshi | Ishida, Tomoya | Saito, Yuki | Koshino, Yuta | Samukawa, Mina | Kasahara, Satoshi | Tohyama, Harukazu
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbopelvic movement patterns during prone hip extension has been proposed as a clinical screening method for trunk muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, correlations between trunk muscle onset and pelvic kinematics have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: To examine the correlation between trunk muscle onset and pelvic kinematics during prone hip extension in participants with CLBP. METHODS: Fifteen patients with CLBP and 15 healthy individuals participated. We evaluated the muscle activities of the lumbar multifidus, the longissimus, and the semitendinosus via electromyogram and the displacement angles of the …pelvic tilt, oblique and rotation. RESULTS: The onset of the multifidus at the ipsilateral side of hip extension was significantly delayed in the patients with CLBP compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The onset of the ipsilateral multifidus in the control group was significantly correlated with increased anterior pelvic tilt angle (P = 0.019, r = 0.597), whereas no significant correlation was observed in the CLBP group (P = 0.810, r = - 0.068). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that pelvic kinematics during prone hip extension does not predict the delayed trunk muscle onset in patients with CLBP. Show more
Keywords: Biomechanics, electromyography, pelvis, paraspinal muscles, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-240028
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Ewertowska, Paulina | Formella, Oskar | Poniatowski, Łukasz | Zielińska, Afrodyta | Krzysztofik, Michał | Czaprowski, Dariusz
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used in rehabilitation and sport. Studies confirm its positive impact on muscle strength and power or regulating muscle hypertension. However, there are some uncertainties regarding its influence on postural stability. This issue seems particularly interesting in the case of individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), for whom proprioceptive training and muscle strengthening exercises are recommended while techniques that decrease muscle tension are not advised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with GJH. METHODS: 60 …participants were categorized into the groups: 1) hypermobility with vibration (GJH+ WBV), 2) hypermobility without vibration (GJH–WBV), 3) control group with vibration (CTRL+ WBV), 4) control group without vibration (CTRL–WBV). The first and the third group completed WBV (frequency: 15 Hz and 30 Hz, amplitude 3 mm, 3 × 3 min). The second and fourth groups participated only in measurement sessions. GJH was assessed using the Beighton test. Postural stability was measured as the overall stability index (OSI) on the Biodex Balance System on the stable and unstable platform with open and closed eyes. Measurements were taken before and after WBV for two weeks. RESULTS: At a frequency of 15 Hz, a significant time effect was observed for measurements Before and After in CTRL–WBV on the stable platform with open eyes (p = 0.012) and on the unstable platform with closed eyes (p = 0.000) for the GJH+ WBV and CTRL+ WBV groups. There were no significant interactions (p > 0.05) between factors. At a frequency of 30 Hz, there was a significant time effect Before and After (p = 0.047) on the stable platform with open eyes, but no interaction was found between factors (p = 0.835). CONCLUSION: There is no positive acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with and without GJH. Show more
Keywords: Joint instability, vibration, postural control, balance
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-240004
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Shi, Tao | Shou, Fenyong | Xia, Qun | Zhang, Tao | Teng, Donghui | Jing, Wanli | Zhou, Qiang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of anti-osteoporosis treatment in elderly patients with osteoporosis and lumbar discectomy and fusion (LIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases is not well known. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of perioperative anti-osteoporosis treatment in the patients with osteoporosis and LIF. METHODS: From January to December 2022, patients were divided into three groups according to the inclusive criteria: the normal group (Group A), the osteopenia group (Group B) and the osteoporosis group (Group C). Quantitative computed tomography (QCT), height of the intervertebral space (HIS), segmental sagittal angle (SSA), visual analogue …scale (VAS) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between the groups at the follow-up time. The serum Ca2 + , osteocalcin (OC), propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (β -CTX) and 25-OH vitamin D (25-OH VD ) levels were compared between the groups at the time of follow-up. Interbody fusion was graded on the X-ray and CT images at the follow-up time. RESULTS: There were 165 patients in this study. There were significant differences in the mean age, mean score, HIS and SSA between the groups at the different follow-up times. There were significant differences in the concentrations of serum Ca2 + , OC, β -CTX, 25-OH VD and PINP at the sixth month after surgery between the groups. There were significant differences in the concentrations of serum Ca2 + , β -CTX and 25-OH VD between the pre-surgery and at six months after surgery in Group B and β -CTX and 25-OH VD in Group C. There was a significant difference in the degree of fusion between Group B and C (χ 2 = 5.6243, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In elderly patients with LIF and osteoporosis, anti-osteoporosis therapy could reduce bone resorption and thus facilitate fusion. Anti-osteoporosis medication tends to enhance radiological, functional, and fusion short-term outcomes. Show more
Keywords: Elderly patients, degenerative lumbar disease, lumbar discectomy and fusion, osteoporosis, anti-osteoporosis
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-230381
Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
IOS Press, Inc.
6751 Tepper Drive
Clifton, VA 20124
USA
Tel: +1 703 830 6300
Fax: +1 703 830 2300
[email protected]
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to [email protected]
IOS Press
Nieuwe Hemweg 6B
1013 BG Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 20 688 3355
Fax: +31 20 687 0091
[email protected]
For editorial issues, permissions, book requests, submissions and proceedings, contact the Amsterdam office [email protected]
Inspirees International (China Office)
Ciyunsi Beili 207(CapitaLand), Bld 1, 7-901
100025, Beijing
China
Free service line: 400 661 8717
Fax: +86 10 8446 7947
[email protected]
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to [email protected]
如果您在出版方面需要帮助或有任何建, 件至: [email protected]