Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume 5, issue 1

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5101

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. vii-vii, 1995

Authors: Rucker, Karen S.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5102

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-1, 1995

Authors: Johnson, Ernest W.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5103

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 3-3, 1995

Authors: Young, Jeffrey L.

Article Type: Introduction

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5104

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 5-6, 1995

Authors: Young, Jeffrey L. | Press, Joel M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Many individuals continue to exercise train and experience athletic success well into the eighth and ninth decades of their lives. This paper examines the interaction between aging and athletic performance with specific reference to how regular exercise training attenuates the decrements in performance typically attributed to the aging process. The importance of rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries to facilitate continued participation in athletics is also addressed.

Keywords: Aging, Exercise, Rehabilitation, Athletic performance, Injury

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5105

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 7-17, 1995

Authors: Favus, Murray J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Osteoporosis is a clinical syndrome of bone fragility resulting in fractures with minimal or no trauma. Bone strength is directly related to bone mass, therefore factors that influence bone mass will determine the subsequent risk of osteoporotic fracture. Estrogen loss at the menopause is the most common cause of osteoporosis. Factors that limit the process of bone formation during adolescence and early adulthood can interfere with reaching peak adult bone mass and thereby predispose to osteoporosis in later adult years. Bone remodeling (bone resorption followed by formation) during the early and mid-adult years may be altered by many diseases, medications …and lifestyle (alcohol, inadequate exercise, low calcium intake), resulting in reduced bone mass and increased risk for osteoporotic fracture. Extremes of physical training can also cause bone loss in women athletes, and can be reversed by estrogen and adequate calcium intake. More research is needed to determine which forms of training optimize the effects of exercise on bone mass. Show more

Keywords: Training, Osteoporosis, Densitometry, Bone mass, Stress fracture, Calcium

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5106

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19-26, 1995

Authors: Hill, James A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The aging knee presents significant problems to the mature athlete who wishes to continue participation in sports. The meniscus is a key structure in the knee and an injury to it may open the door to progressive arthritic changes. Because of our appreciation of the importance of the menisci, treatment options are geared toward salvaging as much of the meniscus as possible. The anterior cruciate ligament is a frequently injured structure which is associated with meniscus tears, articular cartilage damage and progressive degenerative changes. Once an athlete develops degenerative arthritis of their knee, their treatment options are mainly limited to …arthroscopic lavage and debridement or an osteotomy procedure. The new knowledge and treatment options have allowed physicians to increase their arsenal in their battle to keep the mature athlete participating in sports. Show more

Keywords: Older knee, Meniscus, Anterior cruciate ligament, Osteoarthritis, Sports injury

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5107

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 27-32, 1995

Authors: Fisher, Nadine M. | Pendergast, David R.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent and disabling diseases in the elderly, a rapidly growing segment of the population. OA is typically treated with a combination of drugs and inactivity, with total joint arthroplasty as the final treatment alternative. This paper reviews the potential of a non-surgical intervention for patients with OA, namely exercise rehabilitation. Several types of exercise rehabilitation are considered: home exercise (HE), physical therapy (PT), cycle exercise (CE) and a new program, quantitative progressive exercise rehabilitation (QPER). The HE program demonstrated improvements in some physiological and functional variables; however, these improvements were minimal. PT had …a greater effect than HE on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength and endurance and functional performance; however, PT had no effect on muscle contraction speed. The QPER program improved motor unit activation, quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength and endurance, contraction speed and all aspects of functional performance. In addition, QPER, although not aerobic, improved cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal workrate of VO2 . This program significantly reduced difficulty, dependency and pain (during rest, exercise and at night). It would appear that the therapy of choice would be QPER since it reduces symptoms, improves joint integrity and may lead to delays in arthroplasty. These changes could improve the quality of life of patients with OA, as well as other diseases, and reduce medical costs. Show more

Keywords: Exercise, Home exercise, Knee, Osteoarthritis, Physical therapy

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5108

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 33-53, 1995

Authors: Buschbacher, Ralph

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article deals with the problems associated with the spine in an aging athletic person or in an elderly person who may be interested in starting a sports activity. The anatomy and pathophysiology of the spine as regards aging is discussed, as are common diagnostic tests and physical examination procedures. Specific disorders such as spinal stenosis and radiculopathy are examined and special issues in various sports activities are described.

Keywords: Aging, Aged, Sports, Athletic injuries, Back, Spine

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5109

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55-74, 1995

Authors: DeWerd, Julie

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article describes the use of spine stabilization exercises for treating low back pain in the aging athlete. Spine stabilization exercises are appropriate for treating a variety of pathological conditions in the spine and can be effective during all phases of the rehabilitative process. The emphasis of spine stabilization exercises is on minimizing stress on the spine to gain optimal function.

Keywords: Aging athlete, Low back pain, Spine stabilization exercises

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-1995-5110

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 75-80, 1995