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Price: EUR 185.00Authors: Zhang, Wei | Liu, Yilun | Wu, Qiong | Wei, Xiaoer | Liu, Beibei | Jiao, Qiong | Zhang, Rui | Hu, Bing | Li, Yi | Ying, Tao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This article aims to clarify pitfalls and find strategies for the detecting and diagnosing hyperechoic liver metastases (LMs) using Sonazoid-contrast enhanced ultrasonography (Sonazoid-CEUS). METHODS: This study was a prospective self-controlled study. Patients with hepatic lesions suspected as LMs or benign lesions were included in the study. Baseline ultrasonography (BUS) and Sonazoid-CEUS were performed on every patient. Characteristics of LMs and benign nodules were compared by chi-square test and fisher test. Factors influenced the CEUS were demonstrated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: 54 patients were included in this study. …CEUS found additional 75 LMs from 19 patients in Kupffer phase. We found hyperechoic focal liver lesions and deep seated in liver are main confounding factors in CEUS diagnosis. Sensitivity would be improved from 16.67% to 78.57%, negative predictive value (NPV) would be improved from 28.57% to 76.92% and accuracy would be improved from 37.5% to 87.50% when using rapid “wash-in” and “wash-out” as main diagnostic criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperechoic LMs especially deeply seated ones are usually not shown typical “black hole” sign in Kupffer phase. Quickly “wash-in and wash out” shows high accuracy in diagnosing malignant nodules. We highly recommend CEUS as a routing exam to detect and diagnose LMs. Show more
Keywords: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography, focal liver lesion, liver metastases, Kupffer phase
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231995
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Greiner, Barbara | Kaiser, Ulrich | Maurer, Katharina | Stroszczynski, Christian | Jung, Ernst Michael
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rapid evolution of ultrasound technology has allowed widespread use of handheld ultrasound devices (HHUDs) for many possible applications. Along with the adult population, the use of HHUDs for Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in pediatric medicine has been increasing over the last few years. However, pediatric-specific literature is still scarce on mobile vascular ultrasound. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic capabilities of Vscan Air™ in comparison with high-end ultrasound for the assessment of the internal jugular vein in children and adolescents. METHODS: 42 Internal Jugular Veins (IJVs) of 21 pediatric patients were scanned by …an experienced examiner using a WLAN-supported handheld ultrasound device (Vscan Air™) and high-end cart-based ultrasound (LOGIQ E9) as reference. B-Mode and Color-coded Doppler (CCDS) were performed and compared. Image quality was assessed using a score of 0 to 5 and statistically analyzed. Results were interpreted independently by two readers in consensus. RESULTS: 21 patients (2–17 years; mean 11,00±4,5 years; female n = 11, male n = 10) were examined. The rating score never dropped below 3 for both devices. The median score evaluation of B-Mode and CCDS for the high-end device was 5.00, of Vscan Air™ 5.00 for B-Mode and 4.00 for CCDS. A significant difference was shown between the two devices in the evaluation of CCDS. CONCLUSIONS: Vscan Air™ ultrasound device allows sufficient assessability of the IJV in pediatric patients, opening up new possibilities for fast and mobile POCUS of cervical veins and potential guidance of central venous catheter placement. Show more
Keywords: Handheld ultrasound, Vscan Air, POCUS, internal jugular vein, pediatric
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231981
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Wang, Nan | Yan, Xueliang | Zhang, Zhiqi | Liu, Luping | Zhu, Ju | Huang, Xiao | Nie, Fang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the use of intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of T stage of gastric cancer on the basis of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCEUS). METHODS: Eighty-one patients with gastric cancer who underwent preoperative CEUS. Criteria for T staging was AJCC Stage 8th Edition. To compare the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of OCEUS and CEUS for T staging of gastric cancer using pathological results as the gold standard. RESULTS: There were differences in the diagnostic accuracy of T2 (P = 0.048), T3(P = 0.002) and T4 (P = 0.000) between OCEUS and CEUS. …And there was no difference in diagnostic accuracy for T1 (P = 0.118). CEUS significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in T3 (42.86% to 61.90% for sensitivity, 86.96% to 93.75% for specificity), and T4 (64.71% to 76.47% for sensitivity, 78.33% to 95.74% for specificity). CONCLUSION: Compared with OCEUS, CEUS did improve the diagnostic accuracy of T2, T3, and T4 stages of gastric cancer. Show more
Keywords: T staging, ultrasonography, gastric cancer, intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231949
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Neira Agonh, Daniel | Scott, Cassidy | Trivedi, Purvi | Dickson, Kayle | White, Hannah | Zhou, Juan | Lehmann, Christian
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pentobarbital and isoflurane are commonly used veterinary anesthetics. Due to the dangers of overdose by repeat-bolus regimen of pentobarbital, isoflurane has been recommended. However, literature suggests isoflurane-induced inhibition of cytokine and adhesion molecule release, impacting leukocyte adhesion. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to characterize the impacts of pentobarbital versus isoflurane on leukocyte interactions within the intestinal microcirculation with and without endotoxin challenge. METHODS: Female BALB/c mice were subjected to pentobarbital or isoflurane (N = 20) and challenged with endotoxin or saline by intraperitoneal injection. The mice were kept under anesthesia for 2 hours. Fluorochromes, rhodamine-6 G and fluorescein isothiocyanate, …were injected intravenously. To visualize leukocyte adhesion within the intestinal microcirculation, laparotomy and intravital microscopy was performed. Leukocyte rolling and adhesion was quantified offline in a blinded fashion. RESULTS: Within collecting venules, leukocyte rolling and adhesion showed no significant differences between pentobarbital and isoflurane anesthesia under basal conditions. Endotoxin challenge caused a similar response in both anesthetic groups. Within postcapillary venules, no statistical differences between the two anesthetics were found for adhering leukocytes under basal conditions or following endotoxin challenge either. However, leukocyte rolling after LPS-challenge was significantly decreased in postcapillary venules during isoflurane anesthesia compared to pentobarbital anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Isoflurane anesthesia showed only minor differences in the immune response to endotoxin within the intestinal microcirculation compared to pentobarbital anesthesia. Due to the superior safety profile of volatile anesthetics, immunological studies may choose isoflurane over pentobarbital as the veterinary anesthetic of choice. Show more
Keywords: Intravital microscopy, pentobarbital, isoflurane, leukocytes, microcirculation
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231989
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Luo, Nan | Liang, Xiao-yu | Li, Lu | Zhang, Xiao | Zang, Chun-mei | Liu, Xi | Fan, Xiao-zhou
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: A rare foreign body accompanied by thrombosis in the right internal jugular vein was accidentally observed. We collected the medical history of this special patient, analyzed the causes and characteristics of the foreign body and thrombosis formation, and subsequently observed the changes in thrombosis. Finally, we discussed the diagnostic value of ultrasound for such rare intravascular lesions.
Keywords: Ultrasound, internal jugular vein, foreign body, thrombosis
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231988
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023
Authors: Chatlaong, Matthew A. | Stanford, Daphney M. | Miller, William M. | Davidson, Chance J. | Jessee, Matthew B.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) typically requires caffeine abstinence. For habitual users, it is unknown if abstinence affects PORH. OBJECTIVE: Compare PORH after habitual users consume or abstain from caffeine. METHODS: On separate visits (within-subject), PORH was measured in 30 participants without abstinence from typical caffeine doses (CAFF) and with abstinence (ABS). Measurements included baseline and peak hyperemic velocity, tissue saturation index slopes during ischemia (Slope 1) and following cuff deflation (Slope 2), resting arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. All variables were compared using …Bayesian paired t -tests. BF10 = likelihood of alternative vs null. Results are mean±SD. RESULTS: Comparing baseline velocity (cm/s) between CAFF (9.3±4.8) and ABS (7.5±4.9) yielded anecdotal evidence (BF10 = 1.0). Peak hyperemic velocity (cm/s) was similar (CAFF = 77.3±16.7; ABS = 77.6±19.0, BF10 = 0.20). For slopes (TSI% /s), CAFF Slope 1 = –0.11±0.04 and Slope 2 = 1.9±0.46 were similar (both BF10 ≤0.20) to ABS Slope 1 = –0.12±0.03 and Slope 2 = 1.8±0.42. SBP and DBP (mmHg) were both similar (CAFF SBP = 116.0±9.8, DBP = 69.6±5.8; ABS SBP = 115.5±10.7, DBP = 69.5±5.4; both BF10 ≤0.22). Comparing AOP (mmHg) (CAFF = 146.6±15.0; ABS = 143.0±16.4) yielded anecdotal evidence (BF10 = 0.46). HR (bpm) was similar (CAFF = 66.5±12.3; ABS = 66.9±13.0; BF10 = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: In habitual users, consuming or abstaining from typical caffeine doses does not appear to affect post-occlusive reactive hyperemia. Show more
Keywords: Blood velocity, tissue saturation index, methylxanthine, vascular, cardiovascular
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232036
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Al-Smadi, Mohammad Walid | Fazekas, Laszlo Adam | Varga, Adam | Matrai, Adam Attila | Aslan, Siran | Beqain, Anas | Al-Khafaji, Mustafa Qais Muhsin | Bedocs-Barath, Barbara | Novak, Laszlo | Nemeth, Norbert
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular anomalies characterized by abnormal shunting between arteries and veins. The progression of the AVMs and their hemodynamic and rheological relations are poorly studied, and there is a lack of a feasible experimental model. OBJECTIVE: To establish a model that cause only minimal micro-rheological alterations, compared to other AV models. METHODS: Sixteen female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and AVM groups. End-to-end anastomoses were created between the saphenous veins and arteries to mimic AVM nidus. Hematological and hemorheological parameters were analyzed before surgery and on …the 1st , 3rd , 5th , 7th , 9th , and 12th postoperative weeks. RESULTS: Compared to sham-operated Control group the AVM group did not show important alterations in hematological parameters nor in erythrocyte aggregation and deformability. However, slightly increased aggregation and moderately decreased deformability values were found, without significant differences. The changes normalized by the 12th postoperative week. CONCLUSIONS: The presented rat model of a small-caliber AVM created on saphenous vessels does not cause significant micro-rheological changes. The alterations found were most likely related to the acute phase reactions and not to the presence of a small-caliber shunt. The model seems to be suitable for further studies of AVM progression. Show more
Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation, experimental model, microsurgery, hemorheology
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231825
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Shen | Liu, Yunyun | Zhou, Bangguo | Xu, Huixiong
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in the treatment of cervical metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 77 patients with 79 LNs ablated by microwave ablation (MWA) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) between September 2018 and October 2022 were enrolled in this study. After treatment, patients were followed up with measurement of diameters of LNs and serum thyroglobulin (s-Tg) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months and annually thereafter. The paired t-test was used to compare the changes of s-Tg level, diameters of LNs …before and after ablation. RESULTS: There were no serious complications related to ablation while one case of incomplete ablation in MWA was found during follow-up. The mean longest and shortest diameter of the ablated LNs reduced from 11.6 ± 4.3 mm to 5.0 ± 4.1 mm (p < 0.001), and from 6.1 ± 1.9 mm to 3.0 ± 2.5 mm (p < 0.001) at the last follow-up visit. Besides, the final volume reduction rate (VRR) was 61.8 ± 56.4% (range, –67.0 –100%). The complete disappearance rate was 46.8%, but there were 4 (5.1%) LNs becoming bigger than before. The average s-Tg level was 9.2 ± 26.6 ng/mL, a data significantly decreased to 3.7 ± 7.0 ng/mL at the last follow-up, but no statistical difference was shown. CONCLUSION: Thermal ablation is an effective and safe modality for the treatment of metastatic LNs from PTC. Show more
Keywords: Ultrasound, thermal ablation, papillary thyroid carcinoma, lymph nodes
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231998
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Men, Xingping | Hu, Aizhen | Xu, Tingting
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major chronic non-communicable disease and a primary cause of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs are potential epigenetic factors that regulate vascular endothelial inflammatory responses and AS progression. Therefore, identification of the circRNAs that regulate ox-LDL levels is a critical step to understanding the pathology of AS. Our study is aim to investigate how circLZIC regulates atherosclerosis (AS) via the Micro-330-5p/NOTCH2 regulatory axis. The results showed that CircLZIC and NOTCH2 are highly expressed in human AS clinical samples, while Micro-330-5p is expressed locally. The CCK-8 experiment results showed that circLZIC promotes the proliferation of …HUVECS cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that circLZIC act as an inhibitor of HUVEC cell apoptosis. The expression level of Micro-330-5p can be up-regulated by transfection of small interfering RNA against circLZIC. Further, Starbase predicted that Micro-330-5p could target and regulate NOTCH2. Next, we confirmed that overexpression of Micro-330-5p could significantly reduce the expression of fluorescein using the double Luciferase reporter assay. RIP-qRT-PCR experiment showed that Micro-330-5p and NOTCH2 mRNAs are effectively enriched by ago2 protein. Further, we found that knocking down circLZIC increases the expression of Micro-330-5p and promotes cell apoptosis, while inhibiting the expression of NOTCH2 and cell activity. On the other hand, co-transfection of Micro-330-5p inhibitor decreases Micro-330-5p expression and inhibit cell apoptosis, while increasing NOTCH2 expression and cell activity. In conclusion, CircLZIC regulates HUVEC cell activity by the Micro-330-5p/NOTCH2 signaling pathway, suggesting that circLZIC plays a key role in atherosclerosis development. Show more
Keywords: CircLZIC, atherosclerosis, Micro-330-5p/NOTCH2, proliferation, apoptosis
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232063
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Zou, Xiuli | Li, Ying | Yang, Jilan | Miao, Juan | Li, Yuan | Ling, Wenwu
Article Type: Case Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute stroke poses a serious threat to people’s health. The occurrence of a thrombus following the rupture of vulnerable plaques in the carotid artery is a significant contributor to the development of stroke. In previous case reports, it has been challenging to visualize tiny ulcerations within carotid artery plaques using computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), even when the rupture of the plaque leads to the formation of a free-floating thrombus (FFT). However, in this particular case, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was able to overcome this limitation and provide a more precise assessment, confirming that the FFT …formation was indeed a result of plaque rupture rather than any other potential causes. Cases that utilize CEUS to visualize the formation of ulcers and FFT resulting from plaque rupture are even more rare. As such, we present this case to shed light on this infrequent phenomenon. CASE SUMMARY: In this case study, we present a 65-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital due to headache and abnormal mental behavior for one day. During the routine cervical artery ultrasound examination upon admission, we detected the presence of plaque in the right internal carotid artery of the patient, resulting in luminal stenosis. Additionally, we observed suspected hypoechoic material at the distal end of the plaque. After undergoing CEUS examination, it was definitively determined that an ulcer had formed and a FFT had developed due to the rupture of carotid artery plaque. Subsequent CTA and DSA examinations further confirmed the presence of the FFT. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals an acute lacunar infarction in the head of the right caput nuclei caudate, which strengthens the potential link between the patient’s neurological and psychiatric symptoms observed during admission. The patient received prompt antiplatelet therapy and underwent cervical artery stenting surgery with the assistance of a distal embolic protection device. Following the procedure, the patient was discharged on the fourth day and experienced a complete recovery. CONCLUSION: CEUS is a valuable tool for visualizing FFT resulting from the rupture of vulnerable plaques in the carotid artery. Show more
Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, vulnerable plaque, rupture, plaque ulceration, free-floating thrombus, stroke
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232037
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Qiubing | Gou, Fang | Shi, Ping | Xu, Zhe | Yan, Zhitao | He, Mingfang | Yin, Xiaohong | He, Yuanjun | Zhang, Jun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were reported to protect from hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in coronary endothelial cells (CECs) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Nrf2 shows a protective effect in hypoxia-induced CECs after AMI. Plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein (PLVAP) plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis after AMI. AIM: To explore the protective effect of ACEIs and the involved mechanisms under hypoxia challenge. METHODS: Human coronary endothelial cells (HCAECs) were used to establish hypoxia-induced oxidative stress injury in vitro . Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the protective effect of ACEI on hypoxia conditions.ET-1, NO, ROS, and VEGF were …detected by ELISA. HO-1, Nrf2, and Keap-1, the pivotal member in the Nrf2 signaling pathway, eNOS and PLVAP were detected in HEAECs treated with ACEI by immunofluorescence, qPCR, and western blotting. RESULTS: The hypoxia ACEI or Nrf2 agonist groups showed higher cell viability compared with the hypoxia control group at 24 (61.75±1.16 or 61.23±0.59 vs. 44.24±0.58, both P < 0.05) and 48 h (41.85±1.19 or 59.64±1.13 vs. 22.98±0.25, both P < 0.05). ACEI decreased the levels of ET-1 and ROS under hypoxia challenge at 24 and 48 h (all P < 0.05); ACEI increased the VEGF and NO levels (all P < 0.05). ACEI promoted the expression level of eNOS, HO-1, Nrf2 and PLVAP but inhibited Keap-1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels (all P < 0.05). Blockade of the Nrf2 signaling pathway significantly decreased the expression level of PLVAP. CONCLUSION: ACEI protects hypoxia-treated HEAECs by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and upregulating the expression of PLVAP. Show more
Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, nuclear factor erythroid 2 signaling pathway, human coronary endothelial cells, plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232007
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-30, 2024
Authors: Betz, Thomas | Pfister, Karin | Schierling, Wilma | Sachsamanis, Georgios | Radunski, Jörn | Nolte Ernsting, Claus | Stehr, Alexander
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The popliteal artery is highly exposed to biomechanical stress, which is the primary factor associated with stent failure. However, information on the optimal endovascular treatment for the popliteal artery is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To report the efficacy of the GORE® TIGRIS® Vascular Stent for the endovascular treatment of popliteal artery lesions. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all patients with symptoms of peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAD) and popliteal artery lesions who underwent implantation of a GORE® TIGRIS® Vascular Stent between August 2012 and August 2014 at a tertiary vascular centre. RESULTS: …Between August 2012 and August 2014, 48 patients (32 men, aged 75±8 years) were treated with a GORE® TIGRIS® Vascular Stent. The technical success rate was 100% . At 12 months, the primary and secondary patency rates were 74% and 85%, respectively. During follow-up, no stent fracture was observed. No major amputations were performed. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that isolated popliteal artery lesions in patients with symptomatic PAD could easily be treated with the GORE® TIGRIS® Vascular Stent, as good short-term results were achieved at 12 months. Therefore, the discontinuation of this product removed a useful tool with a simple release mechanism from the endovascular armamentarium of vascular specialists. Show more
Keywords: Popliteal artery lesion, GORE® TIGRIS® vascular stent, endovascular therapy, self-expandable nitinol stent
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231993
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Chen, Keke | Wang, Feihang | Deng, Minying | Yuan, Kai | Wang, Xi | Zhao, Qiannan | Dong, Yi | Wang, Wenping
Article Type: Case Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hepatic reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative lesion and a poorly understood disease. It is usually asymptomatic and incidental, but it is difficult to distinguish from hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumor on imaging, and percutaneous biopsy is not sufficient to distinguish from low-grade malignant lymphoma and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma), making diagnosis difficult. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old woman came to our hospital for reexamination of pulmonary nodules followed by liver occupation. The lesions showed “wash-in and wash-out” on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Enhanced …magnetic resonance also showed annular envelope enhancement and limited diffusion on the ADC map during the delay period. Imaging revealed metastatic liver cancer, and the patient underwent a partial hepatectomy. However, the final histopathological diagnosis was RLH. CONCLUSION: If small isolated nodules are found in the liver of middle-aged and elderly female patients with no risk factors for liver malignancy, when the enhanced imaging suggests “wash-in and wash-out”, further focus should be placed on whether the enhanced imaging shows perinodular enhancement and whether the DWI shows limited diffusion in MRI, in order to emphasize the possibility of liver RLH diagnosis. Show more
Keywords: Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, pseudo lymphoma, ultrasound, MRI, CT, pathology, case report
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232087
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2024
Authors: Yildiz, Yasemin | Mutlu, Emre | Arihan, Okan | Yagcioglu, A. Elif Anil | Dikmenoglu Falkmarken, Neslihan H.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hemorheological parameters have been reported to be altered in cardiovascular disease. Major depression has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: Our hypothesis is that hemorheological parameters are disturbed in major depressive disorder. METHODS: Major depressive disorder and control groups consisted of 50 subjects. Plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte deformability, hematological parameters and hematological parameters were examined. RESULTS: Plasma viscosity was statistically significantly higher, erythrocyte elongation index at 0.53 Pa and 0.95 Pa was lower, and MCV, MCH, and MCHC values were also lower in the major depression group …(P < 0.05). Elongation index and plasma viscosity were correlated with depressive symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS: The increased plasma viscosity and decreased elongation index of erythrocytes indicate an unfavorable hemorheological situation in patients with major depressive disorder compared with healthy controls. The results of this study confirm the findings of studies finding a potential threat to cardiovascular health from major depressive disorder. Increased plasma viscosity and decreased erythrocyte elongation index in depressed patients may be risk factors for cardiovascular events and provide data on the causality of the association between depression and cardiovascular disease. Show more
Keywords: Hemorheology, depression, cardiovascular disease, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte deformability
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232061
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Sachsamanis, Georgios | Delgado, Julio Perez | Oikonomou, Kyriakos | Schierling, Wilma | Pfister, Karin | Zuelke, Carl | Betz, Thomas
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prophylactic mesh implantation following open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm is a debatable subject. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a self-gripping polyester mesh used in on-lay technique to prevent incisional hernia after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 495 patients who underwent aortic surgery between May 2017 and May 2021. Patients included in the study underwent open surgical repair for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with closure of the abdominal wall with either small bite suture technique or prophylactic mesh reinforcement. Primary endpoint of …the study was the occurrence of incisional hernia during a two-year follow-up period. Secondary endpoints were mesh-related complications. RESULTS: Mesh implantation with the on-lay technique was successful in all cases. No patient in the mesh group developed an incisional hernia during the 24-month follow-up period. Two patients in the non-mesh group developed a symptomatic incisional hernia during the follow-up period at 6 months. Three cases of post-operative access site complications were observed in the mesh group. CONCLUSIONS: Application of a self-gripping polyester mesh using the on-lay technique demonstrates acceptable early-durability after open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, it appears to be associated with a number of post-operative access site complications. Show more
Keywords: ProGrip, polyester mesh, onlay technique, incisional hernia, abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232008
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Kordi, Negin | Saydi, Ali | Karami, Sajad | Bagherzadeh-Rahmani, Behnam | Marzetti, Emanuele | Jung, Friedrich | Stockwell, Brent R.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several diseases such as heart attack and heart failure, through alterations in fat, amino acid, and iron metabolism. Comprehending the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis signaling is critical because it has a considerable effect on the elderly’s mortality. Conversely, age-related changes in substrate metabolism and metabolite levels are recognized to give rise to obesity. Furthermore, research has proposed that aging and obesity-related changes in substrate metabolism may aggravate ferroptosis. The suppression of ferroptosis holds potential as a successful therapeutic approach for managing different diseases, including sarcopenia, …cardiovascular diseases, and central nervous system diseases. However, the pathologic and biological mechanisms behind the function of ferroptosis are not fully comprehended yet. Physical activity could affect lipid, amino acid, and iron metabolism to modulate ferroptosis. The aim of this study is to showcase the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ferroptosis and discuss the role of aging and physical activity in this phenomenon. Show more
Keywords: Aerobic training, elderly, iron metabolism, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232076
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-20, 2024
Authors: Hammer, Simone | Nunes, Danilo Weber | Hammer, Michael | Zeman, Florian | Akers, Michael | Götz, Andrea | Balla, Annika | Doppler, Michael Christian | Fellner, Claudia | Platz Batista da Silva, Natascha | Thurn, Sylvia | Verloh, Niklas | Stroszczynski, Christian | Wohlgemuth, Walter Alexander | Palm, Christoph | Uller, Wibke
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiation of high-flow from low-flow vascular malformations (VMs) is crucial for therapeutic management of this orphan disease. OBJECTIVE: A convolutional neural network (CNN) was evaluated for differentiation of peripheral vascular malformations (VMs) on T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (STIR) MRI. METHODS: 527 MRIs (386 low-flow and 141 high-flow VMs) were randomly divided into training, validation and test set for this single-center study. 1) Results of the CNN’s diagnostic performance were compared with that of two expert and four junior radiologists. 2) The influence of CNN’s prediction on the radiologists’ performance and diagnostic …certainty was evaluated. 3) Junior radiologists’ performance after self-training was compared with that of the CNN. RESULTS: Compared with the expert radiologists the CNN achieved similar accuracy (92% vs. 97%, p = 0.11), sensitivity (80% vs. 93%, p = 0.16) and specificity (97% vs. 100%, p = 0.50). In comparison to the junior radiologists, the CNN had a higher specificity and accuracy (97% vs. 80%, p < 0.001; 92% vs. 77%, p < 0.001). CNN assistance had no significant influence on their diagnostic performance and certainty. After self-training, the junior radiologists’ specificity and accuracy improved and were comparable to that of the CNN. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic performance of the CNN for differentiating high-flow from low-flow VM was comparable to that of expert radiologists. CNN did not significantly improve the simulated daily practice of junior radiologists, self-training was more effective. Show more
Keywords: Vascular malformation, deep learning, magnetic resonance imaging
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232071
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Michael, Grynkiewicz | Maciej, Wiewióra
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Recently diagnostic field in medicine was enriched by advances in ultrasonography (US) technology, which led to establishment of novel modalities, one of which is micro-ultrasound. Results demonstrated by early studies have been promising, simultaneously rising a question if those new modalities could become an alternative in diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma (PCa). To answer this question, several studies have been conducted where micro-ultrasound have been compared to standard diagnostic tools, such as conventional TRUS or mpMRI. Nevertheless, new technology presents with some limitations, which include inconsistent results, necessity for specialized equipment, need of training for investigators to understand the findings, and …external validation. In this publication, we have identified studies that provided evaluation of the accuracy and efficiency of the micro-ultrasound technology. Additionally, analysis of the results provided a better understanding of the novel imaging tool when compared standard modalities in diagnosis of PCa. Increasing number of studies demonstrated that micro-ultrasound carries high detection rate of PCa and clinically significant prostatic cancer (csPCa), suggesting a similar performance to mpMRI and even showing superiority over conventional TRUS. Recent studies have also showed that micro-ultrasound takes active role in improving the detection of csPCa and guidance for prostate biopsy (PBx) as well as further treatment. Moreover, certain practical aspects such as lower costs, decreased waiting time, real-time imaging and application of the imaging tool for patients that are not suitable for mpMRI (contrast allergy, prosthetics etc.) are significant advantages. Analysis of the results still does not provide clear answer whether micro-ultrasound outperforms mpMRI. Further studies are necessary in order to completely understand the potential of this new technology. Show more
Keywords: Prostate cancer, micro-ultrasound 2 imaging
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232024
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Wang, Shengqiao | Xu, Xinliang | Cao, Siqi | Cheng, Juan | Wang, Ying | Dong, Yi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes accelerates the loss of muscle mass and strength. Sarcopenia is also one of the chronic complications of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of B mode ultrasound (BMUS) and shear wave elastography (SWE) for predicting type 2 diabetic sarcopenia. METHODS: We recorded Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (ASMI), grip strength, muscle thickness (MT), pinna angle (PA), fascicle length (FL), and the difference of Young’s modulus in the relaxed states and tense states (Δ SWE). The correlations between clinical indicators and ultrasound characteristics were compared. A diagnostic model of sarcopenia was developed to …assess the independent correlates and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of sarcopenia. RESULTS: ASMI was significantly and positively correlated with MT and Δ SWE (r = 0.826, 0.765, P < 0.01), and grip strength was significantly and positively correlated with MT and Δ SWE (r = 0.797, 0.818, P < 0.01). MT was the most significant predictor of sarcopenia (OR = 4.576, P < 0.001), and the cut-off value of MT was 11.4 mm (AUC: 0.952). CONCLUSION: BMUS and SWE can quantitatively assess muscle mass and strength, and are effective methods to predict the occurrence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Show more
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia, B mode ultrasound, shear wave elastography
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231822
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Inoue, Masataka | Ohwada, Masahiro | Watanabe, Nobuo
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Several conventional studies focused on platelet pinocytosis for possible utilization as drug delivery systems. Although platelet pinocytosis is important in such utilization, the impact of the shear rate on pinocytosis is unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the relationship between shear rate and platelet pinocytosis in vitro . In addition, this study addressed the change in platelet aggregation reactivity with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) stimulation after pinocytosis. METHOD: Porcine platelet-rich plasma was mixed with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated dextran and incubated for 15 min under shear conditions of 0, 500, and 1500 s-1 . After incubation, confocal …microscopic scanning and three-dimensional rendering were performed to confirm the internalization of FITC-dextran into platelets. The amount of FITC-dextran accumulated via platelet pinocytosis was compared using flow cytometry at each shear rate. In addition, light transmission aggregometry by ADP stimulation was applied to platelets after pinocytosis. RESULTS: The amount of intracellular FITC-dextran increased with higher shear rates. Platelets with increased amounts of intracellular FITC-dextran did not show changes in the aggregation reactivity to ADP. CONCLUSIONS: A higher shear rate promotes platelet pinocytosis, but enhanced pinocytosis does not affect aggregation sensitivity, which is stimulated by ADP. Show more
Keywords: Platelet, pinocytosis, dextran, shear rate, aggregation
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232075
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Wu, Zehong | Liao, Manli | Li, Huajuan | Huang, Shengchao | Liang, Xin | Chen, Bohan | Zhang, Guoli | Yang, Yuping | Xu, Xiaohong
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Secretory carcinoma of the breast (SCB) is a rare and specific type of breast cancer. Owing to its rarity, the number of SCB reports available is limited, with most of them focusing on clinical and pathological characteristics but no reports on its multimodal ultrasound (US) features. Thus, we present a rare case of SCB, retrospectively analyzing manifestations of US and contrast-enhanced US, as well as its pathological basis, aiming to enhance the understanding of US image features of SCB and provide more valuable information for clinical diagnosis. Moreover, the treatment strategy adopted for this patient may serve as a template …for future management of SCB. Show more
Keywords: Breast cancer, secretory carcinoma of the breast, ultrasonography, multimodal ultrasound
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242095
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2024
Authors: Wang, Ying | Tian, Xiao-Fan | Cheng, Juan | Xu, Xin-Liang | Cao, Jia-Ying | Dong, Yi | Dietrich, Christoph F.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pancreatic tissue stiffness and provide a normal reference shear wave velocity (SWV) value of pancreas from healthy adults by Virtual Touch Imaging Quantification (VTIQ) measurements. METHODS: Healthy adult volunteers without known history of hepatobiliary or pancreatic diseases were included. VTIQ elastography (Siemens ACUSON Sequoia, 5C-1 transducer) was used. SWV values were measured at the cephalic, corpus and tail of pancreas and replicated different operators’ obtained data. Subgroups were classified according to the volunteers’ gender, age, body mass index (BMI), depth of measurements and the echogenicity of the pancreas. RESULTS: From …February 2023 to July 2023, 33 healthy adult volunteers were included. The success rate of VTIQ measurements in cephalic, corpus and tail regions was 90.90 % (30/33), 96.97 % (32/33) and 90.90 % (30/33) respectively. The color elastograms of healthy adult pancreas showed uniform blue or simultaneously blue and green. The average SWV values were 0.97±0.26 m/s for cephalic, 0.91±0.24 m/s for corpus and 0.97±0.25 m/s for pancreatic tail respectively (P = 0.198). The mean SWV values of pancreas did not show significant difference with age, gender or depth (P > 0.05). BMI was an influence factor in the measurements of SWV values of cephalic and tail of pancreas (P < 0.05). Pancreas with hyperechoic parenchyma showed higher mean SWV values (P < 0.05). The intra-observer (ICC = 0.938 [95% CI: 0.869–0.971]) and the inter-observer (ICC = 0.887 [95% CI: 0.760–0.947]) agreements of VTIQ measurements were excellent. CONCLUSIONS: The mean SWV value of the pancreas in healthy adults was 0.96±0.20 m/s (range: 0.52–1.74 m/s). VTIQ technique can be used in pancreatic stiffness measurements with good reliability. Show more
Keywords: Shear wave velocity (SWV), ultrasound, pancreas, normal value, virtual touch imaging quantification (VTIQ)
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232092
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Mantskava, M. | Chkhitauri, L. | Shekiladze, E. | Tskhvediani, N. | Kalmakhelidze, S. | Momtselidze, N. | Prantl, L. | Jung, F. | Machalinski, B. | Wojciech, P. | Sanikidze, T.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The triad “insulin resistance, prediabetes, diabetes” is three independent neologies with characteristic features and development. In addition, each are characterized by progression and the possibility of transition from one form to other. Due to the fact that diabetes is one of the common diseases associated with high rates of disability, it is necessary to improve diagnostic methods and educational regimens for successful prevention and treatment of the disease. OBJECTIVE: We investigated Band 3 protein (B3p) level, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood serum, level of HbA1 in group patients with insulin resistance …(IR), prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and comparative with health control group. METHODS: We used original, accurate research methods that measure the essence of the studied quantities. RESULTS: Disruptions of glucose and insulin homeostasis ay lead to the initiation of oxidative stress (in our study demonstrated by a decrease of TAA of blood serum) increased redox-sensitive PTP activity and aberrant band 3 phosphorylation, potentially leading to reduced erythrocyte deformability. At the same time glycation of Hb during T2DM may affect its cross-link with membrane proteins, in particular with B3p, and although appears to limit its cross-linking and decrease its clusterization ability, induces alterations in the cytoskeletal matrix, and thereby decrease erythrocytes’ osmotic resistance making them more susceptible to hemolysis. CONCLUSIONS: The osmotic resistance of the erythrocytes can be used as a sensitive marker for the detection of the early stages of hyperglycemia (prediabetes). This set of clinical trials will make it possible to identify diseases that make up the triad at an early stage. Early detection of disorders and continued research in this direction will help in the development of a diagnostic scheme for the prevention of such patients. Based on our data, research into anti-oxidation drugs is very important. With the help of the array of studies described in the article and antioxidant treatment, the likelihood of successful treatment will increase. Show more
Keywords: Hyperglycemia, erythrocyte, band 3 protein, oxidative stress, osmotic resistance
DOI: 10.3233/CH-239104
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Yi-ming | Wang, Guo-hua | Xu, Miao-jun | Jin, Gan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the role of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in preventing atherosclerosis-induced vascular EC injury, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the exploration of drug targets and treatment methods for atherosclerosis. METHODS: Human umbilical vein cell line (EA.hy926) was treated with ox-LDL to construct an in vitro atherosclerotic cell model. pcDNA3.1-OGG1 was transfected into EA.hy926 cells to overexpress OGG1. qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, oil red O staining, ELISA, comet assay and western blot were used to evaluate the OGG1 expression, viability, apoptosis level, lipid droplet content, 8-OHdG level …and DNA damage of cells in each group. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, ox-LDL stimulation of endothelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, promoted apoptosis and DNA damage, and increased intracellular levels of 8-OHdG and γH2AX, while decreasing protein levels of PPARγ, FASN, FABP4, RAD51 and POLB. However, overexpression of OGG1 can significantly inhibit ox-LDL damage to endothelial cells, promote lipid metabolism, decrease lipid droplet content, and improve DNA repair function. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of OGG1 improves DNA repair. Briefly, OGG1 over-expression enhances the DNA damage repair of ECs by regulating the expression levels of γH2AX, RAD51 and POLB, thereby enhancing cell viability and reducing apoptosis. Show more
Keywords: 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), atherosclerosis, apoptosis, DNA damage repair
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232082
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Shi, Li-Tao | Kong, Fan-Qiang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study involved an analysis of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence and changes in coagulation function among elderly patients suffering from hip fractures. The objective was to offer guidance on the prevention and management of preoperative DVT in the lower extremities of elderly individuals with hip fractures. METHODS: A total of 282 elderly individuals with a hip fracture were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the location of the fracture: femoral intertrochanteric fracture (FIF, 161 individuals) and femoral neck fracture (FNF, 121 individuals). The two groups were compared with respect to baseline …characteristics, including gender, age, and comorbid chronic diseases. Furthermore, the analysis encompassed the incidence of preoperative DVT in both lower extremities, along with seven coagulation parameters and platelet count before the surgical procedure. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in baseline information between the two groups. The incidence of preoperative DVT in the FIF group was higher than that in the FNF group, along with a significantly higher percentage of patients exhibiting increased levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDPs). CONCLUSION: Preoperative hypercoagulability and a greater prevalence of DVT were observed in elderly individuals with FIF compared to individuals with FNF. This indicates that clinicians should pay attention to elderly patients with FIFs, especially those with increased D-dimer and FDP levels. Show more
Keywords: Coagulation, deep vein thrombosis, D-dimer, elderly, femoral intertrochanteric fracture, femoral neck fracture, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products, hip fracture
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242122
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Yan, Wentao | He, Xiuhua | Wang, Guanjun | Hu, Guochao | Cui, Bin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine. It has been reported that decreased serum vaspin levels are significantly associated with stroke severity and prognosis. PURPOSE: This article aims to explore the theoretical feasibility of vaspin supplementation for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: The I/R mouse models were constructed by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the effects of vaspin on cerebral infarction, neurological function, angiogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were explored. To verify the mediation of ER stress in the regulation of vaspin, human brain microvascular …endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to ER stress agonist tunicamycin in vitro . The impacts of vaspin and tunicamycin on oxygen glucose deprivation/ recovery (OGD/R)-induced cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined. RESULTS: Vaspin inhibited blood-brain barrier breakdown and infarction occurred in the brain tissue of the I/R mice. Vaspin also enhanced cerebral neovascularization and reduced the apoptosis. Additional tunicamycin increased the apoptosis of HBMECs and inhibited angiogenesis, reversing the protective effect of vaspin on cells. CONCLUSION: Together, this study reveals that vaspin supplementation reduces cerebral infarction and works against neurological dysfunction. It maintains the survival and angiogenesis capacity of HBMECs by inhibiting ER stress. Show more
Keywords: Vaspin, ER stress, I/R injury, OGD/R, microvascular endothelial cell
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232077
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: He, Yu-Chuan | Yuan, Guo-Dong | Li, Nan | Ren, Mei-Fang | Qian-Zhang, | Deng, Kai-Ning | Wang, Le-Chuan | Xiao, Wei-Ling | Ma, Nan | Stamm, Christof | Felthaus, Oliver | Prantl, Lukas | Nie, Jia | Wang, Gang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Myocardial infarction refers to the ischemic necrosis of myocardium, characterized by a sharp reduction or interruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to the coronary artery occlusion, resulting in severe and prolonged ischemia in the corresponding myocardium and ultimately leading to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Given its high risk, it is considered as one of the most serious health threats today. In current clinical practice, multiple approaches have been explored to diminish myocardial oxygen consumption and alleviate symptoms, but notable success remains elusive. Accumulated clinical evidence has showed that the implantation of mesenchymal stem cell for treating …myocardial infarction is both effective and safe. Nevertheless, there persists controversy and variability regarding the standardizing MSC transplantation protocols, optimizing dosage, and determining the most effective routes of administration. Addressing these remaining issues will pave the way of integration of MSCs as a feasible mainstream cardiac treatment. Show more
Keywords: Myocardial infarction, mesenchymal stem cells, nanomaterials
DOI: 10.3233/CH-249101
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Magnusson, Marine M. M. | Schüpbach-Regula, Gertraud | Rieger, Juliane | Plendl, Johanna | Marin, Ilka | Drews, Barbara | Kaessmeyer, Sabine
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Objective: BACKGROUND: The use of endothelial cell cultures has become fundamental to study angiogenesis. Recent advances in artificial intelligences (AI) offer opportunities to develop automated assessment methods in medical research, analyzing larger datasets. Objective: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the application of AI with a manual method to morphometrically quantify in vitro angiogenesis. Objective: METHODS: Co-cultures of human microvascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts were incubated mimicking endothelial capillary-beds. An AI-software was trained for segmentation of endothelial capillaries on anti-CD31-labeled light microscope crops. Number of capillaries …and branches and average capillary diameter were measured by the AI and manually on 115 crops. Objective: RESULTS: The crops were analyzed faster by the AI than manually (3 minutes vs 1 hour per crop). Using the AI, systematically more capillaries (mean 48/mm2 vs 27/mm2 ) and branches (mean 23/mm2 vs 11/mm2 ) were counted than manually. Both methods had a strong linear relationship in counting capillaries and branches (r-capillaries = 0.88, r-branches = 0.89). No correlation was found for measurements of the diameter (r-diameter = 0.15). Objective: CONCLUSIONS: The present AI reduces the time required for quantitative analysis of angiogenesis on large datasets, and correlates well with manual analysis. Show more
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, HMVEC, machine learning, endothelial cells, angiogenesis
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242157
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Rother, D. | Gehron, J. | Brenck, F. | Hudel, H. | Böning, A. | Wenzel, F.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 causes a considerable degradation of pulmonary function to the point of an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Over the course of the disease the gas exchange capability of the lung can get impaired to such an extent that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is needed as a life-saving intervention. In patients COVID-19 as well as ECMO may cause severe coagulopathies which manifest themselves in micro and macro thrombosis. Previous studies established D-dimers as a marker for critical thrombosis of the ECMO system while on admission increased D-dimers are associated with a higher mortality in COIVD-19 patients. It is …therefore crucial to determine if COVID-19 poses an increased risk of early thrombosis of the vital ECMO system. METHODS: 40 patients who required ECMO support were enrolled in a retrospective analysis and assigned into 2 groups. The COVID group consist of 20 COVID-19 patients who required ECMO support (n = 20), whereas 20 ECMO patients without COVID-19 were assigned to the control group. D-dimers, fibrinogen, antithrombin III (AT III), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and platelet count were analysed using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing and MANOVAs. RESULTS: The analysis of both groups shows highly significant differences in the dynamics of hemostasis. The increase in D-dimers that is associated with thrombosis of the ECMO systems occurs in COVID-19 patients around 2 days earlier (p = 2,8115 10–11 ) while fibrinogen is consumed steadily. In the control group fibrinogen levels increase rapidly after ten days with a plateau phase of around five days (p = 1,407 10–3 ) . Both groups experience a rapid increase in AT III after start of support by ECMO (p = 5,96 10–15 ). In the COVID group platelet count decreased from 210 giga/l to 130 giga/l within eight days, while in the same time span in the control group platelets decreased from 180 giga/l to 105 giga/l (p = 1,1 10–15 ). In both groups a marked increase in LDH beyond 5000 U/l occurs (p = 3,0865 10–15 ). CONCLUSION: The early increase in D-dimers and decrease in fibrinogen suggests that COVID-19 patients bear an increased risk of early thrombosis of the ECMO system compared to other diseases treated with ECMO. Additionally, the control group shows signs of severe inflammation 10 days after the start of ECMO which were absent in COVID-19 patients. Show more
DOI: 10.3233/CH-229105
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Bagherzadeh-Rahmani, Behnam | Marzetti, Emanuele | Karami, Esmail | Campbell, Bill I. | Fakourian, Ali | Haghighi, Amir Hossein | Mousavi, Seyyed Hossein | Heinrich, Katie M. | Brazzi, Luca | Jung, Friedrich | Baker, Julien S. | Patel, Darpan I.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) and Tirzepatide supplementation on lipid profiles, insulin resistance, anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness in prediabetic obese soldiers. METHODS: 61 obese men were randomly divided into six groups: Placebo; Tirzepatide 5 mg (T5); Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (T2.5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Placebo (Ex+P); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 5 mg (Ex+T5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (Ex+T2.5). All training groups performed aerobic training (AT) after resistance training. Subjects trained for six weeks, three sessions per week. Before and after …the intervention period, the participants were evaluated for anthropometric measures, body composition [body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and fat mass (FM)], cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), and muscle strength (chest press 1RM and leg press 1RM). Blood biochemistry evaluations included triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin level and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). To evaluate the differences between the groups, ANCOVA statistical method was used along with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, and the significance level was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Body weight, BMI, WC, FM, FBG, LDL-C, TC, TG and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. WHR significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo group. HDL-C, chest press and leg press significantly increased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. VO2 max significantly increased and insulin significantly decreased in Ex+P group compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. FM, FBG and TG were significantly decreased in both the T2.5 and T5 groups compared to Placebo group. HOMA-IR, LDL-C and TC significantly decreased in the T5 group compared to Placebo group. Also, leg press significantly increased in Ex+P group compared to all other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Performing six weeks of combined resistance and aerobic training in the form of RT+AT alone is more effective than the simultaneous use of Tirzepatide on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and modulating insulin levels. Taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg and 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training did not have a significant advantage over exercise training alone. Finally, taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg or 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training is not significantly superior to each other. Show more
Keywords: Obesity, combined training, GIP, GLP-1, Tirzepatide
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242134
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Chen, Jianfei | Guan, Peishan | Sun, Pei | Yu, Qing | Yuan, Haixia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: As a rare biliary tract tumor, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is most common in elderly men and can progress to cholangiocarcinoma- (CCa) if left untreated. It is reported that IPNB usually communicates with the bile duct. As a result, the downstream bile ducts are imaged asymmetrically dilated. However, a case of IPNB that we report here is different. Enhanced MRI revealed a lack of connectivity with the bile duct in this case. Based on this, the purpose of this case study is to suggest that the majority of imaging doctors should widely understand the various imaging …manifestations of the disease to avoid misdiagnosis. In addition, although this feature was not indicated by ultrasound in this case, given previous studies and considering the convenience and non-ionizing radiation damage of CEUS, we recommend its use as a screening method for IPNB to improve diagnostic accuracy. Show more
Keywords: Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct, cholangiocarcinoma, contrast-enhanced ultrasound
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242167
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
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