Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 7, issue 5
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Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, a peer-reviewed international scientific journal, serves as an aid to understanding the flow properties of blood and the relationship to normal and abnormal physiology. The rapidly expanding science of hemorheology concerns blood, its components and the blood vessels with which blood interacts. It includes perihemorheology, i.e., the rheology of fluid and structures in the perivascular and interstitial spaces as well as the lymphatic system. The clinical aspects include pathogenesis, symptomatology and diagnostic methods, and the fields of prophylaxis and therapy in all branches of medicine and surgery, pharmacology and drug research.
The endeavour of the Editors-in-Chief and publishers of
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation is to bring together contributions from those working in various fields related to blood flow all over the world. The editors of
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation are from those countries in Europe, Asia, Australia and America where appreciable work in clinical hemorheology and microcirculation is being carried out. Each editor takes responsibility to decide on the acceptance of a manuscript. He is required to have the manuscript appraised by two referees and may be one of them himself. The executive editorial office, to which the manuscripts have been submitted, is responsible for rapid handling of the reviewing process.
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation accepts original papers, brief communications, mini-reports and letters to the Editors-in-Chief. Review articles, providing general views and new insights into related subjects, are regularly invited by the Editors-in-Chief. Proceedings of international and national conferences on clinical hemorheology (in original form or as abstracts) complete the range of editorial features.
The following professionals and institutions will benefit most from subscribing to
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation: medical practitioners in all fields including hematology, cardiology, geriatrics, angiology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, otology, and neurology. Pharmacologists, clinical laboratories, blood transfusion centres, manufacturing firms producing diagnostic instruments, and the pharmaceutical industry will also benefit.
Important new topics will increasingly claim more pages of
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation: the role of hemorheological and microcirculatory disturbances for epidemiology and prognosis, in particular regarding cardiovascular disorders, as well as its significance in the field of geriatrics. Authors and readers are invited to contact the editors for specific information or to make suggestions.
Abstract: In healthy volunteers and patients with severe chronic occlusive arterial diseases, Urokinase was given intravenously. There is a dose dependend decrease in fibrinogen concentration, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and red cell aggregability whereas red cell filtrability remains unchanged. This influence of Urokinase on the flow properties of blood could be responsible for some clinical improvements in patients with vascular disorders even when a thrombolytic effect is not yet detectable. Long term systemic low dose Urokinase treatment could be a promising approach in severe stages of ischemic diseases.
Abstract: HAAKE Rotovisco RV100/CV100 was employed to investigate coagulation of whole blood, platelet rich plasma (PRP) and plasma. Samples were anticoagulated with sodium citrate. Clotting was initiated by adding CaCl2 Shear stress versus time at shear rate 0.3 s−1 at 37°C was recorded. Two parameters were established: (1) Recalcification time tr ; and (2) viscosity increasing rate dη /dt. The parameters appeared to be meaningful to the clotting behaviour of blood, PRP and plasma. Several antithrombotics were tested by the method. Warfarin prolonged tr with a dramatic suppression of dη /dt (P<0.001). Aspirin decreased dη /dt (P<0.001) without…significant influence on tr . Heparin showed dose-response correlations for both the parameters. The unconventional test of clotting by rotational viscometer may have its potential in clinical practice of hemorheology.
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Abstract: 20 pre-eclamptic patients were treated with NAFTIDROFURYL 400 mg i.v. every day over 3 weeks. During infusion as well as before and 4 weeks after treatment rheological parameters were assessed. We found a definite improvement in erythrocyte fluidity by no change in erythrocyte aggregation and plasma viscosity. The elevated blood pressure dropped to the normal range. There were only 2 treatment failures with fetal asphyxia and subsequent cesarean section.
Abstract: Thirty healthy persons have been investigated during one month for the variation of their rheological parameters. Whole blood viscoelasticity and plasma viscosity were determined by means of oscillating capillary flow. The groups examined comprised of 5 women (group A; mean age 23 y.) using oral contraceptives, 17 women (group B; mean age 23 y.) without use of oral contraceptives, and 8 men (group C; mean age 24 y.) as a control for longitudinal comparison. The groups were matched regarding to their age, their concentration of serumproteins, lipids, and ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) as shown in table 1. The rheological data…were standardized to a hematocrit of 45 %. The same values for viscoelastic parameters were found for group A and B, whilst mean cell counts were constant for all groups. Longitudinal variation of viscoelasticity did not differ between men and women, indicating that no specific factor exists that affects rheological properties during menstrual cycle.
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Abstract: In 21 untreated subjects with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) we evaluated whole-blood viscosity at high and low shear rates, plasma and serum viscosity, haematocrit, fibrinogen, fibrinogen/albumin ratio, MEA and whole-blood filterability. From the obtained data, it is evident that whole-blood viscosity at high shear rates is reduced in MS compared to controls;no difference is evident at low shear rates. Plasma and serum viscosity as well as the haematocrit are lower in MS. Increased are instead the fibrinogen, fibrinogen/albumin ratio and MEA. No difference is present for VBC .
Abstract: The effect of beta adrenergic agents on granulocyte deformability was investigated using the filtration technique. Three groups of granulocytes were studied: 1) cells treated with isoproterenol (10−6 to 10−3 M); 2) cells treated with propranolol (10−6 to 10−3 M); and 3) control cells. Granulocytes were pumped at a constant rate through polycarbonate filters with 5 µm diameter pores. The pressure generated as the cell suspension was pumped through the filter reflected the deformability of the cells. Isoproterenol in concentrations ranging between 10−6 to 10−3 M and propranolol in concentrations < 3.5 × 10−4…M did not change the filtration pressure of granulocytes. Propranolol in concentrations ≥ 3.5 × 10−4 M increased the filtration pressure. This decrease in deformability of granulocytes was associated with a loss of pseudopod formation and a decrease in percent viability. High doses of propranolol decrease granulocyte deformability.
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Abstract: An hemorheological investigation is performed on renal transplant patients whose graft function was normal and who suffered for the most from erythrocytosis. The aim of this work is to evaluate the hemorheological state of those patients and to show up the possible relationship between viscometric data and post-transplant complications. Blood rheological study is performed using a Couette viscometer. Unsteady flow measurements related to the blood viscoelasticity and thixotropy are recorded, so that measurements in steady flow conditions related to the shear-thinning of blood. The rheological properties of blood are shown to be strongly related to the clinical progress of the…patients. The main result is a relationship between important post-transplant complications and a pathological erythrocyte disaggregability.
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Abstract: Fractional filtration experiments were carried out to study the transit of white blood cells through 5 µm polycarbonate filters in a constant pressure system. The proportion of white blood cells filtered increases from 24% to 78% from the first to the seventh fraction filtered, while the red blood cell concentration remained unchanged. The filtration rate of blood (relative to the medium) with a constant red cell concentration but different concentrations of white blood cells was determined. The relative filtration rate versus filtered volume showed linear relationship if the concentration of white blood cells was less than 0.25 × 109…/l in the non-filtered sample. At higher concentrations of white blood cells the function became non-linear making it more difficult to determine the initial relative filtration rate. A comparison of the two types of experiments provided a function between the number of trapped white blood cells and relative filtration rate of suspension indicating the importance of white blood cells in filtration experiments.
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