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Effect of platelet-rich plasma on bone engineering with an alloplastic substitute containing BMP2

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Yoshida, Kaori | Sumita, Yoshinori; | Marukawa, Eriko | Harashima, Masaru | Asahina, Izumi

Affiliations: Department of Oral Surgery, Kamagaya General Hospital, Chiba, Japan | Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan | Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Restitution, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan | Harashima Dental Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

Note: [] Address for correspondence: Associate Professor Yoshinori Sumita, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan. Tel.: +81 95 819 7701; Fax: +81 95 819 7705; E-mail: [email protected]

Keywords: Bone regeneration, bone morphogenetic protein, platelet-rich plasma, alloplastic bone substitute

DOI: 10.3233/BME-130741

Journal: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 163-172, 2013

Received 11 January 2012
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Accepted 27 August 2012
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Published: 2013
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Abstract

A robust method for inducing bone-formation without an autograft has not been established. Currently, both platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) have been widely investigated for their clinical use in such cases. However, their synergistic effect is still controversial and previously shown diversity of this effect depends on various factors such as the bone substitutes involved. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of PRP and BMP2 on an alloplastic substitute as potentiators to induce in vivo bone-formation. A 10 mm diameter bony defect in rabbit calvarium was reconstructed using biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics with or without PRP, recombinant human (rh) BMP2, and their combination. At 6 and 12 weeks after implantation, rabbits were euthanized and the radiographic and histomorphometric features of bone reconstruction were analyzed. The results showed that defects filled by rhBMP2/BCP with or without PRP had high bone density at 6 and 12 weeks in radiological evaluation. However, in histomorphometric analysis, the defects filled by rhBMP2/BCP with PRP showed significant new bone formation compared with that by rhBMP2/BCP without PRP, especially at 6 weeks. We propose that the synergistic effect of PRP and rhBMP2 gives highly osteoinductive properties to alloplastic substitutes in vivo.

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