Effect of calcium and phosphorus ion implantation on the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of titanium

Issue title: 2nd International Conference on New Biomedical Materials, 5–8 April 2003, Cardiff, Wales, UK

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Krupa, D.^; | Baszkiewicz, J. | Kozubowski, J.A. | Lewandowska‐Szumieł, M. | Barcz, A. | Sobczak, J.W. | Biliński, A. | Rajchel, A.

Affiliations: Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02‐507 Warsaw, Poland | Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Chał ubińskiego 5, 02‐004 Warsaw, Poland | Institute of Electron Technology, Al. Lotników 46, 02‐668 Warsaw, Poland | Institute of Physical Chemistry of Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01‐224 Warsaw, Poland | Institute of Nuclear Physics, Radzikowskiego 152, 31‐342 Cracow, Poland

Note: [] Corresponding author. Tel.: +48 22 660 7449; Fax: +48 22 628 1983; E‐mail: [email protected].

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of titanium after surface modification by the ion implantation of calcium or phosphorus or calcium + phosphorus. Calcium and phosphorus ions were implanted in a dose of 1017 ions/cm2. The ion beam energy was 25 keV. The microstructure of the implanted layers was examined by TEM. The chemical composition of the surface layers was determined by XPS and SIMS. The corrosion resistance was examined by electrochemical methods in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at a temperature of 37°C. The biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro. As shown by TEM results, the surface layers formed during calcium, phosphorus and calcium + phosphorus implantation were amorphous. The results of the electrochemical examinations (Stern's method) indicate that the calcium, phosphorus and calcium + phosphorus implantation into the surface of titanium increases its corrosion resistance in stationary conditions after short‐ and long‐term exposures in SBF. Potentiodynamic tests show that the calcium‐implanted samples undergo pitting corrosion during anodic polarisation. The breakdown potentials measured are high (2.5 to 3 V). The good biocompatibility of all the investigated materials was confirmed under the specific conditions of the applied examination, although, in the case of calcium implanted titanium it was not as good as that of non‐implanted titanium.

Keywords: Titanium, ion implantation, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility

Journal: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 525-536, 2004