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Price: EUR 250.00Authors: Ogedengbe, Tosin Omonye | Sukhai, Mahadeo | Wittich, Walter
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: Background: The high rate of unemployment among individuals with vision impairment remains a pressing issue, even with the implementation of disability laws and coordinated effort to foster inclusive workplace. Employment integration challenges persist for people with vision impairment due to inaccessible job markets and workplaces. Objective: To create new knowledge from previous studies related to employment among people with vision impairment and to understand what has been explored and identify the gaps in employment integration. Method: A comprehensive search of six databases was conducted utilizing both index terms and keywords. The title and abstract of identified …studies were screened, followed by a full-text screening using pre-set criteria. Only available peer-reviewed studies with a focus on employment and vision impairment were included, irrespective of location and publication year. Result: Of 2264 studies screened, only 43 studies were eligible for review and data extraction. Using thematic analysis, 8 key themes emerged: social support, disability rights and service systems, transition strategies and challenges, career, employment integration, employment environment, adaptive potential, and employment sustainability. These studies considered the perspectives of people living with vision impairment, rehabilitation practice, and employers. Identified gaps include transition strategies, workplace participation, the perception of colleagues, and work evolution. Conclusion: The primary focus of studies was on the individual factors that impact workplace integration; work environment impact was not explored in depth. The need to examine the readiness of the work environment is also importance because environmental factors can be modified according to the functional needs of people with vision impairment. Show more
Keywords: Vision disorders, employment, rehabilitation, diversity, equity, inclusion, health services accessibility, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230018
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2023
Authors: Dandumahanti, Bhanu Priya | Subramaniyam, Murali
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smartphone usage has increased rapidly in the last decade due to rapid technological advancements. This extensive usage of smartphones led to physiological problems and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) due to inappropriate postures. OBJECTIVE: Past studies have reported the effects/discomfort of smartphone usage for short periods, ranging from 3–20 min, which does not represent the current era of smartphone dependency (approximately 7-hr/day). METHODS: This study was performed on fifty-four participants aged 20–28 with 1-hr smartphone texting in a sitting posture. Flexion angles, both sides (dominant and non-dominant) muscle activity (maximum voluntary contraction %) at sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper-trapezius (TRP), …extensor digitorum (EDM) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles, and subjective discomfort were analyzed. RESULTS: After 1-hr smartphone texting, the muscle activity at eight upper extremities: SCM (24.80%), TRP (29.45%), EDM (14.44%) and APB (19.87%) significantly (p < 0.001) increased by 1.5–1.9 times with 27.4±3.18° and 82.94±7.03° head and lower-arm flexion angles, respectively. The mechanical loads on the cervical spine increased by 4.6 times, and subjective discomfort by 3 times. CONCLUSION: Maintaining the same posture for a long duration causes postural stress, muscular imbalances, and discomfort, leading to MSD with increased cervical intervertebral disc pressure. Show more
Keywords: Smartphone texting, musculoskeletal disorders, head flexion angle, prolonged usage, cervical load, subjective discomfort analysis
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230262
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Silva Gomes, Virgınia | Cardoso Júnior, Moacyr Machado
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Situational awareness is the acquisition of information from elements present in the work environment, the perception of the meaning of this information, and the prediction of future working conditions. Sleepiness and fatigue can influence an individual’s ability to reach situation awareness, decision-making, and performance on a task. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review examines methods used to assess situational awareness, fatigue, sleepiness, and their interrelationships. METHODS A systematic search of online databases was conducted to identify experimental, peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2017 and 2022. A total of 29 publications were selected for analysis. …RESULTS: The selected studies originated from various countries, primarily in the northern hemisphere. Health and automotive engineering were the academic categories with the highest publications. The studies employed objective and subjective methods to assess situational awareness, fatigue, and sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies reported a decline in situational awareness during fatigue and sleepiness conditions, although one study did not find this association. Future research should focus on employing objective methods to analyze cognitive factors, increasing sample sizes, and conducting testing in real-world situations. Show more
Keywords: Awareness, sleepiness, fatigue, safety, ergonomics, decision making
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230115
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Haraldsson, Patrik | Nylander, Elisabeth | Jonker, Dirk | Ros, Axel | Josefsson, Kristina Areskoug
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational Health Service (OHS) is a service that should support employers and employees with their work environment. Previous research indicates the need for deeper knowledge about the effect of workplace interventions with a focus on planning, organizing and designing the workplace to improve work conditions in hospital settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the outcomes, workplace interventions and intervention strategies in hospital settings. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in September 2021. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate …the quality of the included studies. Study results are presented through a narrative synthesis. A protocol for this study was registered on the Open Science Framework. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies, published between 2010 and 2021, were included. These included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and mixed methods reports with moderate to good quality. The results support the use of workplace interventions to improve work conditions, health, and well-being in hospital settings. Combinations of different interventions, tailored to the specific organization, were used. Important intervention strategies commonly used in the start-up, evaluation, and intervention of successful workplace interventions, were identified. Using a pragmatist complexity approach in workplace interventions can improve outcomes by providing clear intervention strategies and combinations of tailored interventions, related to context specific problems. CONCLUSION: OHS support in workplace interventions with clear intervention strategies will contribute to improve work conditions, health and well-being in hospital settings. Show more
Keywords: Health personnel, occupational health services, occupational health, health promotion, implementation science, working conditions
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230205
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Sondhof, Anke | Muschalla, Beate
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Critical life events affect personal and professional lives, change working conditions, and require specific coping strategies. Wisdom is a multidimensional capacity for coping with life problems. Since wisdom can best be investigated in relation to concrete settings and problems, we investigated research employees during a pandemic. Research employees are constantly occupied with uncertainty and problem-solving in their everyday work. Thus, they develop capacities for factual and problem-solving knowledge which can be applied in different situations. OBJECTIVE: This study examines to what extent which wisdom capacities are applied by research personnel when dealing with changed working …conditions. METHOD: During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021, researchers were asked about work-related coping capacities in an online survey. The qualitative content analysis of the free-text responses of 131 research employees was based on a multidimensional wisdom model with 12 wisdom capacities. RESULTS: 50% of the reported coping strategies referred to factual and problem-solving capacities, 40% to interpersonal or emotional capacities, 10% did not reflect any wisdom capacity. Associations between wise coping capacities, social behavior at work, and eudaimonic well-being emerged. CONCLUSION: The study provides concrete qualitative examples of specific behavioral capacities in which wisdom may be applied in a work setting. Show more
Keywords: Mental health, skills, behavior, job, employee
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230054
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Haque, Syed Emdadul | Datta, Benay Kumar | Eunus, H.E.M. Mahbubul | Akter, Rashida | Islam, Tariqul | Ahmed, Shyfuddin | Shahriar, Mohammad Hasan | Parvez, Faruque | Ahsan, Habibul | Yunus, Mohammed
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Readymade garment workers globally experience distinctive vulnerabilities at the workplace. The situation is worse in many developing countries. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence about the health and safety of garment workers in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the patterns of illness and injury of garment workers, factory level health safety policies and programs, and views and perception of management staff at factories in Bangladesh. METHODS: This mixed-method study was conducted among garment workers and management level staff between January 2018 and April 2019. We extracted 4000 …health records of the workers who attended primary health care centers of the factories and conducted 11 key informant interviews using qualitative method from different management-level staff. RESULTS: Half of the workers (51.0%) were working in the sewing section following 12.8% in quality control and 12.3% in the laundry section. A review of the medical records showed that peptic ulcer diseases (PUDs) (19.2%), fever (11.7%), loose motion (10.3%), and headache (9.4%). Needle injury was uncommon for taking medical care. Occupational safety and health management, safe drinking water, access to maternity leave and other facilities were better in large and medium factories compared with those in small factories. CONCLUSIONS: Although the readymade garments sector is one of the largest sources of foreign currency revenue earnings in Bangladesh, occupational health and safety issues of workers remain a big concern. Thus, support from the government needs more focus on the health and safety of workers. Show more
Keywords: Readymade garment workers, illness and injury, health safety, quantitative and qualitative data, Bangladesh
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220224
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Claassen, Kevin | Wrede, Sammy J.S. | Kettschau, Jan P. | dos Anjos, Dominique Rodil | Broding, Horst C.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, digital working methods were increasingly implemented within the setting of German public administrations. Beyond the ostensible risk of infection, a high psychological burden arose for the employees. OBJECTIVE: A subsequent progression of mental strain is to be estimated as a residual effect (approximated by controlling other influencing factors) due to the impossibility of a counterfactual control group. METHODS: An online survey was conducted in 2020 and repeated in 2021 among a cohort of n = 706 employees of 38 departments of three public administrations in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Mental …strain was assessed by the Wuppertal Screening Instrument. Its temporal variation was operationalized as the intercept of a first-difference multiple regression model. Unit of analysis was the department level. RESULTS: The prevalence of suboptimal and dysfunctional strain increased from 71% to 73% . The multiple regression model showed a significant increase whilst controlling the influence of socio-demographic changes on the department level. Children, age and educational level were significant predictors. R2 indicated that about 40% of the variance in the temporal variation of mental strain could be explained. CONCLUSION: The observed factors explained a significant proportion of the increase in mental strain in German public administrations. Still, far more than half of the increase stemmed from external influences which were largely determined by pandemic conditions and latency effects remain still to be seen. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, psychological stress, mental health, occupational health, occupational medicine, public health, digital technology
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230165
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Dhanusia, S. | Santhana Lakshmi, S. | Kumar, Ajith | Prabhu, R. | Srinivasan, Vignesh | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Kumar, Priyadharshini | Kumaresan, A. | Vishnuram, Surya | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smartphones are a technical marvel that rapidly evolved to play an important role in our lives. One downside to smartphone use is that it significantly worsens posture. It is believed that using a smartphone while walking increases the risk of cognitive decline and the loss of dynamic balance needed to perform functional tasks. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control among South Indian college students. METHODS: The study was carried out in a private college with 400 invited students through online social media platforms. …The four-square step test and SAS-SV were used to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control. The students were informed about the study process. A total of 250 participants were included based on the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: There was a high percentage of agreement on smartphone usage on dynamic postural control measured with SAS-SV, revealing statistical significance with a mean value of 41.532 and SD of 10.010886. The four-square step test with a mean value of 22.5 and SD of 1.8995878 also proved significant impact. A positive correlation was found between smartphone usage and dynamic postural control, which was analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.90130. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was noted between mobile usage and dynamic balance. Smartphones can have a negative impact on dynamic balance by distracting users from their surroundings and increase the risk of falls. Show more
Keywords: Smartphones, postural balance, cellphones, technology addiction
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230161
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Li, Jianna | Guo, Bin | Du, Zhoubo
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: An underground workplace (UGW) is a complex system with multiple subsystems that interact with each other. However, the research on UGW from a systemic perspective has not received due attention. OBJECTIVE: This study constructs an evaluation approach to the orderliness of UGW and systematically evaluates the UGW with Guangzhou and Chengdu metro depots as case studies. METHODS: First, the evaluation index system is established based on occupational ergonomics. Second, the system entropy model is constructed based on information entropy. Third, a dissipative structure judgment model is built based on the Brusselator. Fourth, …the orderliness evaluation model is constructed based on information entropy and synergetics. RESULTS: The UGW of the metro depot has not yet reached the dissipative structure and is in a medium-order state. But the system is in the trend of orderly development. The entropy increase caused by the physical environment and health status is the main obstacle for the system to move toward order. The equipment configuration is an essential source of system negative entropy. The coordination between equipment configuration, health status, and physical environment is low, and that of work effectiveness, equipment aging and failure, and organizational environment is high. CONCLUSIONS: Equipment configuration cannot fully cope with the harsh physical environment and meet the needs of underground workers. Safety security equipment has more room for improvement. Humanized support facilities can introduce more negative entropy to the system. Organizational intervention can reduce the negative impact of adverse factors on the system. Show more
Keywords: Underground workplace, occupational ergonomics, work environment, equipment, staff, system orderliness
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230017
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024
Authors: Samani, Ali Sahraneshin | Ghavamabadi, Leila Ibrahimi | Dehaghi, Behzad Fouladi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Climate change and global warming are emerging as new challenges worldwide. The World Meteorological Organization has reported that the temperature is expected to rise by an average of 1.2°C between 2021–2025. This increase in temperature will expose more and more workers to extreme heat. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the possibility of using thermoelectric coolers for cooling the water circulation circuit of a cooling belt, which can be used for extended periods in high-temperature environments. METHODS: A cooling belt was designed using thermoelectric coolers (TEC) and two blowers. The TECs were equipped with heat …sinks and heat exchange block made of aluminum at hot and cold sides to exchange heat effectively. RESULTS: The experiment was conducted under actual environmental temperature conditions during three different time periods, with mean temperatures of 31, 48, and 41°C. The mean temperature of the belt section was recorded as 20.73, 24.52, and 21.38°C, respectively. The maximum average difference between the inlet air temperature and the inside cooling belt temperature was 40.45°C. CONCLUSION: The experiment revealed that the cooling performance of the designed prototype remained within an acceptable range (18°C) despite the increase in ambient temperature. Moreover, the cooling system can be utilized in high-heat environments to reduce thermal stress. Show more
Keywords: Cooling belt, air temperature, thermoelectric, heat stress, control
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230329
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Alnaser, Adnan Raed | Zitoun, Osama A. | Saquib, Juliann | Rajab, Tawfik Mamoun | Khojah, Abdullah Abdulaziz Abdulwahab | Almazrou, Abdulrahman | Saquib, Nazmus
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Professional drivers in Saudi Arabia may be at increased risk for mental illness because of their expatriate status, long driving hours, and unhealthy lifestyles. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among professional drivers in Saudi Arabia, most of whom are expatriates. METHODS: Professional drivers (n = 324) were interviewed after convenient sampling of transportation companies. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to screen for depressive symptoms. Correlates of depressive symptoms were identified using Cox regression with a fixed follow-up time. RESULTS: Of the drivers, …20.4% had moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Sleep quality was found to be a significant independent correlate of depressive symptoms. Drivers with poor and fair sleep quality had higher risk of depressive symptoms than drivers with excellent sleep quality (poor: OR = 5.8, CI: 1.95–17.11; fair: OR = 4.5, CI: 1.68–11.96). CONCLUSION: The frequency of depressive symptoms among professional drivers in Saudi Arabia is high (one out of five). Companies should consider screening for depressive symptoms and sleep disorders among employees and should provide referrals as needed. Show more
Keywords: Automobile driving, occupational health, mental health, depression, migrant health, epidemiology
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220631
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Blumenthal, Maike | Van der Heijden, Beatrice I.J.M. | Dautzenberg, Rikkie L. | Boot, Cécile R.L.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the changing world of work, there is an urgency to gain insight into determinants of the employability among support staff workers with long tenure whose functions may become outdated as their competencies may no longer match the requirements of future jobs. OBJECTIVE: The specific aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and employability. METHODS: Support staff (n = 236) from a university participated in an online questionnaire focusing on five dimensions of employability (occupational expertise, anticipation and optimization, personal flexibility, corporate sense, and balance) and transformational leadership (identifying and articulating …a vision, providing an appropriate model, fostering the acceptance of group goals, providing individual support, and intellectual stimulation. RESULTS: Identifying and articulating a vision (β= 0.247, p < 0.001), providing an appropriate model (β= 0.196, p = 0.002), fostering the acceptance of group goals (β= 0.298, p < 0.001) and providing individual support (β= 0.258, p < 0.001) were associated with higher balance scores. No significant associations were found between the transformational leadership subscales and the other dimensions of employability. CONCLUSION: The current study found that just one specific dimension of transformational leadership was associated with only one aspect of employability for our target group of long-term employed support staff workers with a high level of job security. Show more
Keywords: Leadership, occupational health, staff development, career mobility, employment, universities
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230371
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Mann, Stephanie | Paarup, Helene M. | Søgaard, Karen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study focuses on the user experience of a novel developed ergonomic chinrest (EC), customised to accommodate the individual violinist’s anthropometry and playing style. The EC was recently tested for biomechanical effect, but the violin player’s motivation, usage behaviour, usability and acceptability may be equally important. OBJECTIVE: To explore the user experience of violinists who used the novel EC with a low shoulder rest for two weeks. Through that experience, we wanted to learn about the potential user barriers and facilitators related to their motivation, usage behaviour, usability, and acceptability, when trying a new product. …METHODS: Thirty-eight professional violinists participated and evaluated motivation, user behaviour, usability and acceptance using a 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. RESULTS: Participants showed high motivation hoping to improve posture, reduce muscle tension and enhance performance. Usage behaviour was also high, while product appearance, adjustment time, and sound impact were negatively evaluated. However, 37% planned to continue to use EC after the study. CONCLUSION: Participants showed high motivation and usage behaviour but faced challenges with product appearance, adjustment time, and sound impact compared to their usual chinrest. Incorporating user feedback and addressing design and usability challenges can enhance the user experience. Show more
Keywords: Ergonomics, music, neck, work performance
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230389
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Mosquera, Rodolfo | Pérez Vergara, Ileana G. | Contreras-Pacheco, Orlando E.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in the construction sector in developing countries have high rates of work absenteeism. The productivity of enterprises is heavily influenced by it. OBJECTIVE: To propose a model based on the Plan, Do, Check, and Act cycle and data mining for the prevention of occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in the construction sector. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was administered on a total of 200 male technical workers in plumbing. It considers biological, biomechanical, chemical, and, physical risk factors. Three data mining algorithms were compared: Logistic Regression, …Naive Bayes, and Decision Trees, classifying the occurrences occupational accident. The model was validated considering 20% of the data collected, maintaining the same proportion between accidents and non-accidents. The model was applied to data collected from the last 17 years of occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in a Colombian construction company. RESULTS: The results showed that, in 90.5% of the cases, the decision tree classifier (J48) correctly identified the possible cases of occupational accidents with the biological, chemical, and, biomechanical, risk factors training variables applied in the model. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are promising in that the model is efficient in predicting the occurrence of an occupational accident in the plumbing activity in the construction sector. For the accidents identified and the associated causes, a plan of measures to mitigate the risk of occupational accidents is proposed. Show more
Keywords: Machine learning, risk assessment, workplace safety, construction industry, accident reduction
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230112
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Koyuncu, Aynur | Elagöz, İslam | Yava, Ayla
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant increase in the use of latex gloves among nurses. However, concerns about the rise in latex allergies and related complaints due to this increase remain uncertain. OBJECTİVE: This study aims to assess the rates of latex glove usage and allergy-related complaints among nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Between May 15 and June 15, 2021, ethical approvals were obtained for a cross-sectional study involving 448 volunteer nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to represent categorical values as counts (n) and …percentages (%), while continuous values were represented as mean±standard deviation. The normal distribution of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Comparative analyses were conducted using paired sample t -test, Pearson’s chi-squared (x2 ) test, McNemar’s chi-squared (x2 ) test, and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Before the pandemic, the average number of invasive procedures was 45.13±26.48, whereas during the pandemic, this rate increased to 50.23±29.14. The average glove usage duration went from 7.69±3.13 hours to 14.73±3.68 hours during the pandemic. Among nurses, the rate of allergic symptoms, which was previously at 31.5%, rose to 33.3% during the pandemic. CONCLUSİON: This study revealed a significant increase in daily invasive procedures and the use of latex gloves among nurses during the pandemic period. Simultaneously, the frequency of allergic symptoms also rose. These findings underscore the importance of awareness and preventive measures, particularly regarding latex allergies, in the healthcare field. Show more
Keywords: Allergy, latex, latex gloves, rubber latex allergies, coronavirus, nursing
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230235
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Khanehshenas, Farin | Mazloumi, Adel | Nahvi, Ali | Nickabadi, Ahmad | Aghamalizadeh, Alireza | Keihani, Ahmadreza
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The transition from alertness to drowsiness can cause considerable changes in the respiratory system, providing an opportunity to detect driver drowsiness. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine which respiratory features indicate driver drowsiness and then use these features to classify the level of drowsiness and alertness. METHODS: Twenty male students (mean age 25.6±2.41 years) participated in the study using a driving simulator, and eight features, including expiration duration (ED), inspiration duration (ID), peak-to-peak amplitude (PA), inspiration-to-expiration time ratio (I/E ratio), driving, timing, respiration rate (RR), and yawning, were extracted …from the respiratory signal generated by abdominal motions using a belt equipped with a force sensor. RESULTS: All eight features were statistically significant at the significance level of 0.05. Drowsiness can be detected using respiratory features with 88% accuracy, 82% precision, 86% recall, and an 90% F1 score. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study may be useful in the development of driver drowsiness monitoring systems based on less intrusive respiratory signal analysis, particularly for specific process automation applications when vehicle control is not in the hands of the driver. Show more
Keywords: Respiratory rate, yawning, classification, sleepiness, diagnosis, traffic crashes
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230281
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Duijs, Saskia Elise | van Wees, Martine | Abma, Tineke | Bourik, Zohra | Plak, Olivia | Jaspers, Yvonne | Jhingoeri, Usha | Senoussi, Naziha | Verdonk, Petra
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The health of care workers in residential long-term care (LTC) is under pressure. Scholars emphasize the importance of gender-sensitive and intersectional approaches to occupational health. OBJECTIVE: To unravel how the health of nurses and nursing aides is shaped by gender, class, age, sexuality and race. METHODS: A qualitative participatory study. A participatory research team, consisting of academic scholars and nursing aides, conducted semi-structures interviews (N = 20) and one natural group discussion (N = 8 participants) to validate our findings. Thematic data-analysis was guided by gender and intersectionality theory. RESULTS: Empirical findings suggest that …gendered norms limit possibilities for self-care for female nurses and nursing aides. Feeling uncared for by society and LTC organizations, paid care workers describe how they take care of each other. These relational health strategies require a feeling of sameness, limiting space for diversity and disability within care teams. Care workers seen as ‘cultural other’, or those who experienced (chronic) health issues, financial struggles or informal caregiving, risked being excluded from relational care within care teams, which negatively impacted their health. CONCLUSIONS: Care workers’ relational health strategies are a gendered and care ethical response to the lack of societal and political care for LTC, but can become mechanisms of exclusion within care teams. This can be understood as a sign of exhaustion, shaped by adverse working conditions and leading to moral stress. The lack of societal appreciation needs to be addressed by occupational health physicians and LTC organizations, to counter mechanisms of exclusion among paid care workers. Show more
Keywords: Low-paid care workers, long-term care, occupational health, gender, intersectionality
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220653
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Erol, Özgül | Küçükkaya, Burcu | Yenici, Ecehan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nurses working in the intensive care units (ICU) regarding the work-index-nursing work environment, the effect level ICU environment has on the nurses’ care behaviors and stress levels of the nurses should be determined. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the nurse manpower on care behaviours and stress level of the nurses working in the ICU. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and correlational study. The sample of the study consisted of 123 nurses working in the ICUs. The data were collected using the survey form, Distress Thermometer (DT), The Practice Work Environment Scale …of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), and Caring Behaviors Scale-24 (CBS-24). RESULTS: The mean age of nurses in the ICU was 30.2±5.6 and the mean of working time in the intensive care unit of nurses in the ICU was 3.7±3.1 years. The mean of the DT was 4.8±3.4, and the mean score of PES-NWI was 2.6±1.0 and the mean score of CBS-24 was 4.7±1.1 in nurses in the ICU. The regression model which was studied to investigate the relationship between caring behaviors and stress and nurse manpower of nurses working in intensive care unit was significant. CONCLUSION: Care behaviors and stress levels of nurses working in intensive care units are negatively affected by insufficient nurse manpower. Show more
Keywords: Intensive care unit, nurse, nurse manpower, caring behaviors, stress
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220710
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Srinivasan, Vignesh | Abathsagayam, Kumaresan | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vishnuram, Surya | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the working population especially among older adults, anxiety problems have grown dramatically. This element has a significant impact on employee absenteeism and problems with physical and mental health. It was widely known that security personnel had several physical and mental difficulties during their various work hours. It is important to investigate the effects of anxiety on them. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to provide insights into the prevalence of anxiety disorders and explore the correlations between anxiety symptoms, sleep, and memory during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: To conduct a cross-sectional study, 42 older adult …participants between the ages of sixty to seventy years were chosen and the procedure was explained.Data were gathered by giving instructions on how to complete the self-reported Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment -7 (GAD-7), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the revised Everyday Memory Questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 36 out of 42 participants (85.71%) experienced moderate to severe anxiety. Anxiety and sleep had a correlation of 0.8, while anxiety and memory had a correlation of 0.87 with a positive EMQ-R relationship. Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between sleep and memory, with a positive correlation of 0.73. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that, there is a substantial prevalence of anxiety accompanied by notable insomnia and memory problems in elderly security officers. Our findings indicate a clear relationship between sleep disturbances, memory issues, and most prevalent anxiety symptoms. These results emphasize the importance of incorporating mental health assessments and addressing an effective treatment for anxiety. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, general anxiety disorder, epworth sleepiness scale, everyday memory questionnaire-revised, elderly, mental health, fear, cognitive impairment
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230144
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023
Authors: Hsu, Chen-Yuan | Syue, Jia-Ci
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical medical staff should be aware of and examine the correlation between breastfeeding and neonatal hospitalization. Additional attention should be paid to work dilemmas experienced by the nursing staff caring for newborns to avoid exposing newborns to hospitalization risk. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the working dilemmas by neonatal nurses caring for breastfed newborns and risk of newborn hospitalization. METHODS: This hospital-based study in Taiwan surveyed 84 neonatal nurses using a structured questionnaire entitled “Working Dilemmas in Clinical Care for Breastfed Newborns.” RESULTS: Collected data were analyzed statistically (descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and …t test) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff noted that breastfed newborns showed a high risk of hospitalization and nursery staff highlighted a lack of manpower and time. NICU staff experienced more working dilemmas (117.460±12.260) than nursery staff (87.410±15.820) when caring for breastfed newborns (t = 1.080, P < 0.001). NICU staff reported a higher risk of hospitalization in breastfed newborns and experienced more working dilemmas caring for these patients compared with nursery staff, who reported a lack of manpower and time. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the working dilemmas by neonatal nurses and can serve as a foundation for further critical studies. Show more
Keywords: Dilemmas, breastfeeding, newborn hospitalization, neonatal nurses, working, care
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230249
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Li, Guang | Alam, Beenish Fatima | Bashir, Raima | Tarhini, Ali | Nayab, Talha | Sousa, Lindsey M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Problem-based learning (PBL), a student-centered approach which has been implemented in many educational institutes worldwide. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the proficiency of students in 5 key areas of PBL process and assess perceptions of students towards PBL learning using a self-explanatory questionnaire. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to September 2022 and evaluated perceptions of 1st year dental students of Batch 2021 (having Face-to-face PBL sessions) and batch 2020 (having online PBL sessions) using a questionnaire. Three similar PBL cases were used, which assessed PBL parameters that …included attendance, group dynamics, knowledge, communication skills and preparation. Statistical analysis was performed for all the categorical and continuous variables. RESULTS: Majority of Distance Learning (DL) group (66.7%) concurred that PBL helped improve their communication skills, decision making power (66.7%), self-directed learning (80%) and promoted interaction with peers (66.7) and teachers (68.9%). The Face –to- Face (FF) group demonstrated better scores (7.7±2.42 & 7.55±2.55) with respect to their attendance and group dynamics (7.44±2.17 & 8.02±2.40) in PBL 1 & 3 as compared to DL group. Overall, better performance in all the 5 key areas of PBL was observed for the FF group versus the DL group. CONCLUSION: The Distance learning (DL) group displayed a positive attitude and perception towards PBL as a learning strategy whereas Face-to-face (FF) group showed greater performance and proficiency in the key PBL parameters scores. Show more
Keywords: Problem-based-learning, conventional teaching, distance learning, coronavirus disease 2019
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220674
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Wu, Kevin A. | Anastasio, Albert T. | Kim, Joshua K. | Choudhury, Ankit | Adams, Samuel B.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused notable shifts in healthcare behavior, influenced by remote work policies. This study examines the impact of Work from Home (WFH) policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries, utilizing Google search trends. Understanding these trends is crucial for healthcare providers, enabling them to adapt services and communication to evolving patient needs during challenging times. OBJECTIVE: To comprehend variations in search volume and trends for ankle-related queries due to WFH policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Ankle-related terms accessible to laypersons were analyzed using Google Trends data from March 2018 to March …2022 in the United States. Data were divided into pre-pandemic (March 2018-March 2020) and post-pandemic (March 2020-March 2022) periods. Weekly search interest data for 20 terms were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. The study aimed to identify significant changes in search interest, providing insights into public information-seeking behavior concerning ankle surgeries. RESULTS: Among the 20 terms analyzed, 11 exhibited significant changes. Ankle arthritis and ankle bursitis showed increased interest, suggesting heightened concern during the pandemic. Conversely, post-pandemic interest decreased for terms 9 terms, including ankle pain and ankle tendonitis, indicating reduced worry. Moderate declines were noted for ankle gout, Achilles tendonitis, and heel bursitis, reflecting shifting patient priorities. Some terms, including ankle fracture and ankle arthroplasty, showed stable information-seeking behavior despite the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the nuanced impact of WFH policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries. Varied search trends highlight changing patient concerns. Healthcare providers can use these insights to tailor services effectively, meeting evolving patient needs and enhancing communication strategies. Show more
Keywords: Orthopaedic, ankle surgery, work from home, pandemic, COVID-19, telemedicine
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230621
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Jorgensen, Michael J. | Hafez, Khaled | Hakansson, Nils A.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Lifting is a manual material handling (MMH) assessment method to identify weight limits that nearly all workers may be exposed to without developing work-related low back disorders (LBD). However, this assessment method only applies to lifting with the torso within 30° asymmetry of the sagittal plane. OBJECTIVE: Estimate TLV weight limits while lifting with torso asymmetry greater than 30° beyond the sagittal plane. METHODS: Lifting tasks were performed from various horizontal and vertical locations, at torso asymmetry angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, …45°, 60°, 75° and 90°, using ACGIH identified TLVs. Validated MMH assessment methods (NIOSH Lifting Equation, Ohio State University LBD Risk Model) were utilized to estimate TLVs at torso asymmetries greater than 30°. RESULTS: The current ACGIH TLVs resulted in low- to moderate-risk risk levels for torso asymmetries from 0° to 30°, and the risk incrementally increased as torso asymmetry increased to 90°. With the intention to keep the risk levels to that found at 30° torso asymmetry, lower TLV weight limits in the vertical and horizontal zones investigated were estimated for torso asymmetries from 45° to 90°. The resulting adjusted TLVs were consistent with weight limits identified for similar lifting conditions from other assessment methods that account for torso asymmetry. CONCLUSIONS: This research found current ACGIH-defined TLVs possess less than high-risk for LBD, and provided guidance to practitioners for reduced TLVs when torso asymmetry is greater than 30° from the sagittal plane. Show more
Keywords: ACGIH TLV for lifting, manual materials handling, assessment method, torso asymmetry, NIOSH lifting equation, LBD risk model
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230405
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Çolakoğlu, Cavit | Öz, C. Selek | Toygar, A.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Work to develop a universal tool for the psychological evaluation and measurement of decent work is relatively new. In addition, the Decent Work Questionnaire, which evaluates decent work using a psychological approach, has not yet been adapted and validated in the Turkish sample group. OBJECTIVE: To adapt and validate the Turkish version of the Decent Work Questionnaire and to evaluate the effect of decent work on the job satisfaction among knowledge workers. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 906 knowledge workers. In the process of adapting and validating the Decent Work Questionnaire, the structural validity, …internal consistency, convergent validity, divergent validity, and compatibility of the sample group data were tested. The effect of decent work on job satisfaction of knowledge workers was examined using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The Decent Work Questionnaire was validated in the Turkish sample. The results showed that the reliability coefficients and dimensions of the Decent Work Questionnaire were highly satisfactory and consistent with the scale developers’ study. According to another result of the study, decent work was found to have a significant and positive effect on Turkish knowledge workers’ job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: This study will fill gaps in the literature and will also contribute to the evaluation of decent work in all areas of the labor market, identifying its shortcomings and contributing to the development of effective human resource policies. Show more
Keywords: Occupational health, job satisfaction, workplace stress, workload, psychometrics, surveys and questionnaires
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230279
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Srinivasan, Vignesh | Abathsagayam, Kumaresan | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vishnuram, Surya | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Elderly health care workers carry out a variety of duties at work and have years of clinical expertise. Anxiety and insomnia are among the more commonly encountered problems in senior physicians and other geriatric medical professional populations. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to determine the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbances among geriatric medical professionals. METHOD: 42 Participants were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope approach, …and they took part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The Experimental group A received non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation(taVNS) and Control group A received Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique. RESULTS: With a p value of 0.001, transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve (taVNS) stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks.The post-intervention assessment revealed a highly significant improvement in Group A, with a T value of 251 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that taVNS may be an effective intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep issues in geriatric medical professionals. These results contribute to the exploration of non-invasive strategies to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals working in demanding environments. Show more
Keywords: General anxiety disorder, insomnia, elderly, health care workesrs, post COVID-19 pandemic
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-231362
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Fauser, David | Zimmer, Julia-Marie | Banaschak, Hannes | Golla, André | Sternberg, Annika | Mau, Wilfried | Bethge, Matthias
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain has a high economic burden in Germany due to back pain-related sick leave, disability pensions, and health care utilization. Work-related factors can predict disabling back pain. Job exposure matrices can be used to consider job demands and occupational characteristics in routine data analysis. OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal analysis tested whether rehabilitation utilization due to musculoskeletal disorders is associated with occupation-linked job exposures in employees with back pain. METHODS: Data from a German cohort study were used, including employees aged 45 to 59 years with self-reported back pain in the last three months. Individuals’ …job titles were assessed in the baseline survey in 2017 and matched with parameters of aggregated job exposure indices. Administrative data from the German Pension Insurance were used to extract information on rehabilitation utilization. Proportional hazard models tested the associations. RESULTS: We considered data of 6,569 participants (mean age: 52.3 years; 57.7% women). During follow-up, with a maximum of 21 months, 296 individuals (4.5%) utilized medical rehabilitation due to musculoskeletal disorders. Adjusted analyses showed that high physical (HR = 2.87; 95% CI 1.74; 4.75) and overall (HR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.44; 3.80) job exposures were associated with a higher risk of rehabilitation utilization. CONCLUSION: Individuals with back pain working in occupations with high physical job exposures have a higher risk for rehabilitation utilization. To prevent work disability in individuals with back pain, occupational groups with high physical job exposures should be actively informed about tailored intervention options. Show more
Keywords: Occupations, occupational exposure, occupational stress, working conditions, rehabilitation, registry data
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230410
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Rajak, Binod | Reddy, K. Vidyullatha | Singh, Punam | Kumar, Vimal
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stress is a pivotal aspect of organizational psychology. Although an individual’s attitude and behaviour at work have received greater investigation, scant attention has been given to family-related dynamics and their impact on work. OBJECTIVE: This study contributes to understanding work-family dynamics by investigating the connection between family incivility and job dissatisfaction during the pandemic. Based on the conservation of resources theory, the research explores the potential moderating role of perceived organizational support. METHODS: The investigation uses structural equation modelling (SEM) for data analysis while controlling for age, gender, and experience. Data has been collected with …an adapted scale and time-lag technique in which the first wave encompassed independent variables and demographics. The second wave gathered moderator and dependent variables through a non-probability sampling of IT employees. RESULTS: Findings reveal a significant positive link between family incivility and job dissatisfaction, implying higher family incivility is linked to increased job dissatisfaction. Moreover, the study indicates that organizational support can mitigate the negative impact of family incivility on job dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION: This research underscores the pivotal role of organizational support in enhancing employee job outcomes. Hence, organizations should prioritize employee well-being, recognizing it as an integral aspect of their functioning. Show more
Keywords: Family incivility, job dissatisfaction, perceived organisational support, moderation, and time-lag methods
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220690
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Gunnarsson, A. Birgitta | Jansson, Jan-Åke | Eklund, Mona
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unemployment is high not only among people with mental illness, but also among young adults in general. The combination of having a severe mental illness and being young entails a particularly problematic situation for young people with psychosis. This study aimed to understand how this group envision their future possibilities for entering the labour market or engaging in other productive activities. OBJECTIVE: To explore how young adults with psychosis perceive their possibilities, wishes and support needs for gaining employment or engaging in other productive activities. METHODS: A descriptive design with qualitative individual in-depth interviews was …used. Eighteen young adults with psychosis, aged 18–30 years, were interviewed. Data was analysed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Four categories based on the experiences of the participants as being vital for having work or other productive activities were generated: “Wishing for a role in the community”, “Being my own coach”, “Needing personal support” and “Having a supportive workplace”. Each of them included sub-categories. CONCLUSION: The young adults with psychosis were a long way from having paid work, but they desired to have a worker role in the community. They are a heterogeneous group, which entails that it is important that professionals and employers have a person-centered and holistic approach, listening to the individuals themselves. Show more
Keywords: Activity, employment, interviews, mental health, occupations, qualitative research, work
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230311
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Mucheru, Doreen | Kroll, Thilo | Paul, Gillian | Fahy, Majella | Dowling-Hetherington, Linda | Moloney, Breda | Dunne, Nikki | Jalal, Reuel | Fealy, Gerard | Lafferty, Attracta
Article Type: Letter
Keywords: Employment, informal or unpaid carers, caregivers, work-life balance, health; mental health
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220665
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023
Authors: Deng, Kai-Qin | Chen, Xin-Yuan | Yuan, Xian-Ming | Ren, Yan-Rui | Luo, Zhong-Mei | Li, Gang-Ying | Deng, Xia-Kang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In a previous study, more attention has been given to the psychological state of doctors than to that of nurses although the workload, working hours, and patient contact time are generally higher for nurses than doctors. The current status of nurses’ perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit during the routine management of the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic and how their perceived stress affects the other two variables are topics that merit research attention. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the status of nurses’ perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit during the routine …management of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic was investigated to explore whether their perceived stress level has any effect on the other two variables. METHODS: The convenience sampling method was adopted, and 669 nurses from the First People’s Hospital of Jingzhou were selected to participate in this study. Questionnaires on perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit were used in the survey, and the data were processed using the SPSS 20.0 program for the descriptive statistics, independent sample t -test, analysis of variance. RESULTS: The total score of the nurses’ perceived stress was 18.58±4.37 points. The total scores of their work engagement (43.32±14.01) and perceived professional benefit (140.23±17.75). CONCLUSION: The nurses’ total perceived stress score was at an upper-middle level, and their total work engagement and perceived professional benefit scores were relatively high. Overall, perceived stress has a negative effect on nurses’ work engagement and perceived professional benefit. That is, the higher the pressure perception of nurses, the lower the degree of work engagement and perceived professional benefit. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, perceived stress, work engagement, perceived professional benefit in nurse
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220498
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Hidaka, Tomoo | Kakamu, Takeyasu | Endo, Shota | Masuishi, Yusuke | Kasuga, Hideaki | Hata, Akiko | Miura, Rieko | Funayama, Youko | Tajimi, Kimitaka | Fukushima, Tetsuhito
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal exercise combination for improving sleep quality among sedentary workers is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To reveal what combination of exercises contributes to good sleep quality. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 5,201 sedentary workers who underwent health examinations in 2019. Data on sleep quality, basic attributes, energy expenditure, and lifestyle aspects such as exercise and physical activity, supper time close to bedtime, and alcohol intake were obtained. The subjects reported their exercise habits by selecting up to three forms of exercise from a list of 182 options, which were classified into …three types: endurance (e.g., jogging), muscle strength (e.g., bench pressing), and balanced types which combined both endurance and muscle strength characteristics. (e.g., walking). These forms were then categorized into eight combination patterns: endurance only; muscle strength only; balanced only; endurance and muscle strength; endurance and balanced; muscle strength and balanced; all types; and absence of any exercise habits. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the exercise combination patterns and sleep quality. RESULTS: Good sleep quality was significantly associated with “endurance” (OR = 1.419; 95% CI 1.110–1.814), “balanced only” (OR = 1.474; 95% CI 1.248–1.741), and “endurance and balance” (OR = 1.782; 95% CI 1.085–2.926) exercise patterns. No significant associations were found between the combinations that included muscle strength exercises and sleep quality. CONCLUSION: The endurance or balanced-type exercises, or a combination of both, may help to improve the sleep quality of sedentary workers as part of occupational health management. Show more
Keywords: Sedentary behavior, sleep, sleep quality, exercise, occupational health, work, physical endurance
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230299
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Yildirim, Umut | Nart, Senem | Akar, Sevda | Sarialioğlu, Songül | Toygar, Arda | Vardar, Burak | Kaya, Sultan Çoşkun | Sari, Mustafa
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Women are underrepresented in the maritime industry compared to men. This sector continues to perpetuate gender discrimination and stereotypes, often overlooking women’s physical competence. OBJECTIVE: To explore the multi-faceted challenges faced by Turkish female officers, unveiling the different dimensions of these challenges, and providing a comprehensive understanding of their experiences. METHODS: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 Turkish female officers actively working on seagoing vessels. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software. RESULTS: The challenges faced by female officers were examined using content analysis. A total of 50 different codes were identified …within 10 categories. The categories are gender inequality, violence, restriction of freedom, work-family conflict, mental health, physical differences, unsafe living space, insufficient communication with management, lack of psychometric testing and limited access to health services. CONCLUSION: By shedding light on the unique obstacles faced by female officers in Turkey, this study enhances our understanding of the underlying challenges and lays the groundwork for the implementation of effective policies and practices that promote the empowerment of women in the maritime industry. Show more
Keywords: Women’s rights, workplace condition, mental health, qualitative research, gender inequity, workplace stress, gender-based violence
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230391
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Tank, Nitishkumar D. | Rupani, Mihir P. | Shah, Rakshit B. | Shah, Immad A. | Dhatrak, Sarang V.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mine workers face various health risks from occupational hazards, notably dust-related pulmonary dysfunction. This dysfunction is also attributed to diverse risk factors and health conditions. Despite the variety of underlying mechanisms, conflicting evidence persists regarding hypertension as a potential risk factor for such dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictors of pulmonary dysfunction vis-à-vis the hypertension status of mine workers. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 444 mine workers from ten open-cast mines in Gujarat state (western part of India) from November 2020 to February 2022. We collected data on demographics, occupation, addiction, and comorbidities, …including measurements like anthropometry, blood pressure, blood sugar, haemoglobin, and lipid levels. Hypertension was confirmed based on self-reported history and/or onsite blood pressure measurement, while pulmonary functions were assessed using a spirometer (expressed as forced expiratory volume in the first second FEV1 and forced vital capacity FVC). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the significant predictor of FEV1 or FVC vis-à-vis the hypertension status after adjusting for confounding variables. In addition, we assessed the effect of anti-hypertensive medications on pulmonary dysfunction. RESULTS: A total of 41% (95% CI: 36-45%) of mine workers were suffering from hypertension. On multiple linear regression, only being a male and work experience duration were the significant predictors of FEV1 [0.900 (0.475-1.092), p =<0.001; -0.029 (-0.034 - -0.021, p =<0.001] and FVC [1.088 (0.771-1.404), p =<0.001; -0.031 (-0.038 - -0.024, p = 0.001] respectively. While unadjusted analysis indicated hypertension led to FEV1 and FVC reduction, this effect lost significance after adjusting for confounders. Nevertheless, subgroup analysis revealed those on antihypertensive medications had reductions in FEV1 and FVC by -0.263 (95% CI: -0.449 - -0.078, p = 0.006) L and -0.271 (95% CI: -0.476 - -0.067, p = 0.009) L respectively. CONCLUSION: In our study among mine workers, alterations in lung function (FEV1 and FVC) on spirometry were predicted by gender and duration of work experience, while hypertension did not serve as a predictor. It is noteworthy that antihypertensive drugs were found to reduce lung functions on spirometry, highlighting the need for further research. Show more
Keywords: Blood pressure, spirometry, antihypertensive agents, cross-sectional studies, miners, India
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220678
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Malin, Maarit | Luukkonen, Ritva | Majuri, Minna | Lamminpää, Anne | Reijula, Kari
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Promoting health is an important part of occupational health (OH) professionals’ daily practice. Occupational health services (OHS) support work ability and prevent both work-related diseases and lifestyle-related illnesses. OBJECTIVE: We focused on how interprofessional collaboration (IPC), regardless of whether the OHS provider is public, private or in-house, influences the implementation of smoking cessation treatment and support (SCTS). We studied IPC of OH professionals in SCTS and whether they differ depending on OHS providers. METHODS: We collected data through an online survey of a cross-sectional sample of OH professionals of physicians (n = 182), nurses (n = 296) …and physiotherapists (n = 96) at two different time-points, in 2013 and 2017. The questionnaire contained questions on interprofessional SCTS practices, so that we could assess how the professionals’ experiences differed from each other. We used explanatory factor analysis to study the collaboration, and the Kruskall–Wallis test to detect the differences between the OH professional groups as a post-hoc data analysis. Background: OH physicians (mean 3.4, SD 1.2) and OH nurses (mean 3.2, SD 1.1) experienced smooth collaboration in SCTS whereas OH physiotherapists (mean 2.5, SD 1.1) felt excluded from IPC. In-house OH centres (mean 3.5, SD 1.0) seemed to offer the best opportunities for implementing IPC in SCTS comparing to public (mean 3.1, SD 0.9) or private (mean 2.9, SD 0.9) OHS. CONCLUSION: The IPC of OH professionals in SCTS interventions need to be rearranged. This requires boundary-crossing SCTS practices involving all professionals. All OH professionals should implement IPC in SCTS and share their specific competence. Show more
Keywords: Smoking cessation, occupational health, interprofessional collaboration (IPC), prevention, lifestyle diseases
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230139
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Nordenmark, Mikael | Vinberg, Stig
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed many employees away from their offices into their homes. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, in early spring 2020, most countries recommended or required that employees work remotely from home to reduce the spread of infection at workplaces and during travel to and from these workplaces. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between working from home, work/life conflict and mental wellbeing in Europe during the pandemic. METHODS: The study was based on a large-scale, online survey that was conducted during the COVID-19 …pandemic three times, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, in 27 EU countries, and included 53 214 respondents that were employed at the time of the study. RESULTS: The results showed that working from home, work-to-life conflict and life-to-work conflict has increased and that mental wellbeing has decreased during the pandemic. Our regression analyses showed that the number of hours worked from home was negatively associated with work-to-life conflict and positively associated with life-to-work conflict. These results indicate that working from home can have both positive and negative consequences for employees’ work/life conflict. The regression results showed that hours worked from home, work-to-life conflict and life-to-work conflict were negatively associated with mental wellbeing. CONCLUSION: It is important to consider different work situations for different working life groupings when implementing work-from-home measures. Organizations must consider how work is supervised and help managers understand how to support employees to achieve work-life balance when working remotely. Show more
Keywords: Health, quantitative study, remote working, work environment, work-to-life conflict, life-to-work conflict
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230271
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Ghahremani, Leila | Khademi, Khadijeh | Nazari, Mahin | Kaveh, Mohammad Hossein | Abbasi, Fariba
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the significant causes of disabilities and occupational injuries all over the world and can reduce the quality of life and job satisfaction. These disorders prevail among the office workers of the Iranian Oil Company, though research on the involved factors is limited. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the incidence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders and their association with job satisfaction among the office workers of the Iranian Oil Company. METHODS: The present research was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study on 210 male office workers of the Iranian Oil …Company. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the rate of job satisfaction were measured by Nordic Musculoskeletal and Minnesota job Satisfaction Questionnaires, respectively. The relationship between the variables was analyzed by the SPSS 28 software. RESULTS: The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders among office workers in the past 12 months were associated with the neck, waist, and knee organs, with 45.70, 41, and 38.10 percentages. Smoking, second jobs, and physical injury histories were identified as three risk factors connected to musculoskeletal disorders (p < 0.05). Forty-one percent of the participants were moderately satisfied with their jobs, and this number was significantly related to musculoskeletal disorders in the shoulders, elbows, back, waist, and knees (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that second jobs, smoking, and physical injury histories are three risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among office workers of the Iranian Oil Company. Thus, it is imperative to identify at-risk office workers and train and encourage them to take preventive actions and employ ergonomic job equipment. Show more
Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, job satisfaction, nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230120
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Zand, Sepideh | Motlagh, Masoud Shafiee | Golmohammadi, Rostam | Aliabadi, Mohsen | Tapak, Leili | Babamiri, Mohammad
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Using medical gowns with high protection against COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HCWs) may limit heat exchange, resulting in physiological challenges. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the physiological and neurophysiological responses of female HCWs when using two typical medical gowns at different temperatures during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Twenty healthy female HCWs participated in this study. Participants wore two types of medical gowns: Spunbond gown (SG) and laminate gown (LG). They walked on a treadmill in a controlled climate chamber for 30 minutes at three different temperatures (24, 28, and 32°C). Heart …rate (HR), skin surface temperature (ST), clothing surface temperature (CT), ear temperature (ET), blood oxygen percentage (SaO2), galvanic skin response (GSR), and blood pressure were measured before and after walking on a treadmill. The study’s results were analyzed using SPSS26. RESULTS: The study found that LG led to an average increase of 0.575°C in CT compared to SG at the same temperatures (P < 0.03). The average HR increased by 6.5 bpm in LG at 28°C compared to SG at a comfortable temperature (P = 0.01). The average ET in SG and GSR in LG at 32°C increased by 0.39°C and 0.25μS, respectively, compared to the comfortable temperature (P < 0.02). CONCLUSION The study recommends maintaining a comfortable temperature range in hospitals to prevent physiological challenges among HCWs wearing medical gowns with high protection against COVID-19. This is important because using LG, compared to SG, at high temperatures can increase HR, ET, CT, and GSR. Show more
Keywords: Heat stress, strain, comfort, health personnel, personal protective equipment, hospitals
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230360
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Martin, Joel | Toczko, Michael | Sax van der Weyden, Megan | Lockie, Robert
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the physical nature of the occupation many firefighters have low levels of physical fitness which is associated with poor performance of occupational tasks and increased injury rates. For many fire departments an initial step in promoting health and wellness within the department is to conduct annual fitness testing. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of implementing a consequential fitness assessment within a fire department. METHODS: A retrospective repeated measures design was used to analyze annual fitness assessment data of professional firefighters (n = 1415) from 2019 to 2022 within a large urban fire department located in …the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The fitness tests included assessments of pull-ups, push-ups, sit-ups, aerobic capacity, and body composition. Repeated measure analyses of variances (ANOVAs) assessed the effect of year and a 2-way ANOVA was conducted to investigate the effects of sex and age on fitness measures on 2022 data. RESULTS: All fitness measures were found to be maintained over the 4-year period. Significant main effects of age and sex across all fitness measures, but no significant interactions were found. Older firefighters (50 + years) exhibited lower performance (p < 0.001, d > 0.80) on muscular fitness assessments than young firefighters (20–29 years). A large effect of sex (males > females) was found for pull-ups (d = 1.04), push-ups (d = 1.23), and aerobic capacity (d = 1.38). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that implementing a consequential fitness assessment could help maintain firefighters’ fitness levels over a multi-year period. Show more
Keywords: Firefighters, exercise, health, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, body composition
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230378
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Louzán, Rita | Villarroya López, Alberto
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-reported test is one of the main psychosocial risk assessment tools. However, this test it is susceptible to certain sources of error, including social desirability. Since psychosocial risks are emerging, there are not many studies on their assessment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to analyze the impact of social desirability on the short version of the CopSoq-ISTAS 21 assessment tool. METHOD: A total of 563 workers (45.10% women and 54.90% men) participated in this study. The short version of the CoPsoQ-Istas21 questionnaire with four Likert scale questions as markers, which …correspond to the Eysenck Personality Lie Scale Questionnaire Revised (EPQ-r), were used. The sample was divided into two halves, and both a confirmatory analysis and an exploratory analysis were carried out to find out the factorial structure of the scale and, with it, apply the bias filtering method. RESULTS: The results indicate that 10% of the scale is biased due to social desirability, and that there are significant differences between the group with bias clean scores and the group with scores without bias control. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of social desirability on the scale are verified, so it is concluded that in a psychosocial risk assessment is not enough to apply a self-report test and interpret its results, being necessary to minimize the sources of error. Show more
Keywords: Risk assessment methodologies, occupational risk, occupational stress, social desirability, bias, reproducibility of results
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230184
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Emerick, Giselly Storch | Zandonade, Eliana | Prado, Camila Bruneli do | Pires, Luciana Bicalho Cevolani | Bezerra, Ol&ıvia Maria de Paula Alves | Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a reflection of the health emergency caused by COVID-19, many countries adopted guidelines, which included activity restrictions. As a result, some companies maintained their activities with on-site work and telework. OBJECTIVE: Analyzing the morbidity and mortality profile due to COVID-19 of workers in telework and on-site work in an oil and gas company. METHODS: Cross-sectional, quantitative, and analytical study that included 8,394 workers diagnosed with COVID-19 at an oil and gas company in Brazil, from June 2020 to June 2021. The company’s Surveillance Program database was used as an information source. …RESULTS: The total prevalence of cases was 21.7% . For teleworking and face-to-face workers, they were 20.7% and 23.3%, respectively. There was a predominance of women (19.7%), white ethnicity/colour (64.7%), higher level position (52.6%), age group over 40 years (36.7%), married (53, 8%), working at the company for a period that ranges from 7 to 10 years (17%), administrative activity (68.5%), and a higher number of symptomatic workers and deaths in telework compared to on-site work. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that testing is important to refrain the virus spread in the company’s work environments, as it allowed asymptomatic workers to be diagnosed with COVID-19. The study suggested that on-site work was not a transmission facilitator in the occupational environment, which points out the importance of preventive measures in the workplace and the adoption of remote work for the largest possible number of workers to improve the safety of employees, workers who remained in the on-site work modality. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19, occupational groups, oil and gas industry, teleworking, workplace, occupational health
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230114
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Audet, Jessika | Lecours, Alexandra
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering current labour shortages, the recent increase in the number of aging workers in the labour market is deemed economically beneficial. However, due to specific characteristics (e.g. biological, generational), aging workers take longer to recover and return to work after an occupational injury. Yet, few studies have examined the rehabilitation, return, and stay at work process of aging workers and current knowledge makes it difficult for stakeholders to identify which interventions to use with this specific population. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe which interventions are used in the rehabilitation, return, and stay at work …process of aging workers having suffered an occupational injury. METHODS: We conducted a five-step scoping review. Five databases were used for the literature search. A qualitative analysis of the retained manuscripts was conducted. RESULTS: Our analysis led to the extraction of information from seven manuscripts that concern the rehabilitation, return, and stay at work process of aging workers who suffered an occupational injury exclusively. We identified 19 interventions (e.g. work capacity development, work task modifications, permanent part-time work, and alternative roles) and were described according to the different phases of the Cycle of Work Disability Prevention (CWDP). CONCLUSIONS: This study offers informative, non-prescriptive, and operational interventions useful for stakeholders who support aging workers. Furthermore, it is a knowledge base to develop future projects that promote the rehabilitation, return, and stay at work process of aging workers. Show more
Keywords: Older worker, occupational injury, occupational rehabilitation, intervention, return-to-work, stay-at-work, scoping review
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230509
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-19, 2024
Authors: Cropley, Mark | Da Silva, Isabella N. | Rydstedt, Leif W. | Olsson, Maria I.T.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent research indicates that as men age, their tendency to ruminate about work decreases, while ruminating remains high in women, which poses an increased risk for impaired health among older women. OBJECTIVE: This study explored gender differences/similarities in the process of unwinding from work in men and women aged between 56–65 years. METHODS: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted online with eight men and eight women, recruited from a UK leading organization that provides health care solutions between May and June 2022. Participants were asked about their job role and responsibilities, their leisure …time activities, how they unwind post work, and their experiences of thinking about work related thoughts outside of work. Transcripts were analyzed using an inductive analysis. RESULTS: Three superordinate themes were identified that underpinned their ability to unwind: ‘Work style’, ‘Creating work-life balance’ and ‘Switching off from one’s responsibilities’. Women reported a more perfectionist approach, they set high standards for themselves, were worried about making mistakes, and demonstrated, if in a supervisory role, a more nurturing and holistic approach to their colleagues/subordinates, while men, were more focused on task completion. Most women, but not men, also described difficulties in psychologically switching off from work, and stated they could only truly relax outside the home, when they are away from household activities. CONCLUSION: The study provides nuanced insights into the experiences of unwinding from work, and the findings suggest the need for person-centric approaches in developing interventions to help workers over 56 years to psychologically disengage from work. Show more
Keywords: Age, gender, work, work-related rumination, affective rumination, problem-solving pondering, leisure activities
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230406
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Fortin-Bédard, Noémie | Bouchard, David | Ladry, Naomie-Jade | Lettre, Josiane | Normand, Boucher | Beaulieu-Bonneau, Simon | Lecours, Alexandra | Perreault, Kadija | Annie, LeBlanc | Routhier, FranÇcois | Lamontagne, Marie-Eve
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, protection and isolation measures established by the Canadian and Quebec governments have directly affected the work of health and social professionals (HSPs). These measures have added pressure on HSPs, complexified their work and added tasks to their already busy workload. However, few studies have explored in depth the impacts of the pandemic on HSPs working with people with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences of HSPs working among people with disabilities in the province of Quebec, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic …(January and February 2021), including the impact on their work, the relationships with their colleagues, and on their immediate social and familial environment. METHODS: HSPs participated in a semi-structured interview. A mixed thematic analysis approach, combining inductive and deductive coding, was carried out using N’Vivo 12. RESULTS: Fifty-five HSPs participated in the interviews (mean [SD] age, 42 [9 ]). They mostly identified as women (91% ). Three main themes representing the impacts of the pandemic were identified, including 1) Health and Well-being; 2) Family and social networks including the subthemes; 2.1) Fear of being a vector of contamination for their loved ones; 2.2) Work-family balance; 2.3) Social Network, and finally 3) Work, highlighting, including 3.1) Workload and adaptative strategies developed; 3.2) Relationship with colleagues; 3.3) Perceived support received at work, and 3.4) Services offered to patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of closely tracking and supporting the well-being of HSPs. Show more
Keywords: Healthcare, COVID-19, qualitative research, work, disabled persons, social support, coping skills, work-life balance
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230404
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Vosoughi, Shahram | Niazi, Parisa | Abolghasemi, Jamileh | Sadeghi-Yarandi, Mohsen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dairy industry workers face numerous ergonomic risk factors in their workplace, including improper posture, manual material handling, and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Fewstudies have been conducted on the correlation of postural stress, MSDs, and chronic fatigue among workers in the dairy industry. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the level of postural stress, MSDs, and chronic fatigue in a dairy company. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 260 male workers were included in the research based on specific inclusion criteria. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and a researcher-made demographic questionnaire were …used to collect data. The posture of workers was evaluated using RULA and REBA software, and the evaluation of the manual lifting of loads was assessed using the WISHA lifting calculator. Finally, the collected data were entered into the SPSS software version 26.0 and analyzed. RESULTS: The findings revealed a significant statistical relationship between the level of postural stress and chronic fatigue and a significant positive correlation between MSDs and chronic fatigue. Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was observed between MSDs, chronic fatigue, and ergonomics training experience. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study support the notion that high levels of postural stress and MSDs can produce an increase in chronic fatigue among workers, and lack of ergonomics training for workers can increase both MSDs and chronic fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out intervention measures in the field of ergonomics management in similar industries through the implementation of ergonomic intervention programs with a focus on proactive and preventive measures and the use of participatory ergonomic programs and educational demands assessment. Show more
Keywords: Dairy industry, postural stress, musculoskeletal disorders, chronic fatigue, pain, posture, ergonomic risk factors
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230309
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Eklund, Annika | Sterner, Anders | Nilsson, Maria Skyvell | Larsman, Pernilla
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Transition programs for newly graduated nurses in hospital settings are reported to provide learning opportunities, strengthening confidence, workplace integration and skills, retention and job satisfaction. Still, our knowledge of long-term effects is scarce and few studies have used control groups. OBJECTIVE: To explore the long-term impact of having attended a transition program on the nurses’ experiences of the first years of practice. More specifically, ideology-infused psychological contract, ethical stress, perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, opportunities for learning, and intention to stay in the nursing profession, were explored as outcome variables. METHODS: …A questionnaire survey was carried out among registered nurses from November 2019 to January 2020, with a 54% response rate. The analysis was based on 149 nurses who had attended a transition program, and 72 who had not attended. The nurses had seniority between one and three years. Independent samples t -test were used to investigate differences between the groups. RESULTS: The two groups showed small and non-significant differences in the outcome variables. However, regarding the frequency of ethical value conflicts induced by insufficient resources, as well as experiences of ethical value conflict distress, the group of nurses who had attended a transition program showed statistically significantly higher mean values, although the effect sizes were small. CONCLUSION: Newly graduated nurses need more than transition programs and skills training to progress in their nursing role and develop competence, increase job satisfaction, and reduce stress. Achieving these goals requires a long-term supportive learning environment that is integrated into everyday work. Show more
Keywords: New graduated nurses, transition, well-being, job satisfaction, moral distress, turnover, hospital work environment
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230537
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Niu, Long | Liu, Meng | Fan, Lijuan | Yiting, E.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the discourse on the heterogeneity of gender and environmental concern, gender equality awareness can further illuminate the complexity of gender and environmental concern across different cultural backgrounds. OBJECTIVE: Differing from prior research, our study focuses on exploring the relationship between different genders, gender equality awareness, and environmental concern, as well as investigating whether gender equality awareness has distinct effects on environmental concern among different genders. METHODS: Utilizing data from the 2021 China General Social Survey (CGSS), we conducted a theoretical investigation into gender differences in environmental concern. First, we used descriptive statistics to observe …the differences between the samples. Secondly, in order to compare the influence of gender equality awareness on different genders, we conducted t -tests on gender subgroups. Subsequently, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model was employed to examine the effects of gender and gender equality awareness on environmental issues. Finally, gender equality awareness was introduced as a moderating variable to explore its potential interaction with gender and investigate whether a moderation mechanism exists between gender and environmental concern. RESULTS: Findings indicate that 1) male respondents in China exhibit greater concern for the environment compared to female respondents; 2) higher levels of gender equality awareness are positively correlated with higher levels of environmental concern; 3) the influence of gender on environmental concern is moderated by the degree of gender equality awareness. Specifically, when gender equality awareness is strengthened, female respondents exhibit a higher degree of environmental concern. CONCLUSION: Enhancing gender equality awareness contributes to improving both social gender equality and equitable concern for the environment. The findings could provide insights for similar developing countries like China. Show more
Keywords: Environmental concern, gender difference, gender, consciousness of gender equality
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230227
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Singh, Roma | Das, Runumi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: According to Gallup survey report, 69% of U.S. workers moved to working remotely in April 2020. Due to COVID-19, work is changing rapidly, including where individuals work. OBJECTIVE: Research in this field has drawn much attention, and in the last ten years, there is a constant augment in the number of publications on the same. Several works of literature on Remote Working (RW) culture have been reported. Nevertheless, only less research is present on bibliometric reviews of RW culture. Therefore, Bibliometric research is wielded in this work and a comprehensive review of relevant publications was …taken from Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), together with the Social Science Citation Index Expanded. METHODOLOGY: At first, meticulous bibliometric analyses of 430 published articles are done and descriptive information about a piece of work, namely (a) author, (b) title, (c) date of publication, et cetera, is provided. RESULTS: Mapping the scope along with the structure of the discipline is enabled by these analyzes, which discovers the instituted collaboration patterns amongst countries and organizations, and identifies authoritative papers together with authors. Therefore, the publication’s evolution over time is illustrated by these analyses, and the current research interests and potential directions for future study are identified. CONCLUSIONS: This paper incorporates insights on remote working culture and enables mapping the scope and structure of the discipline, discovering the established collaboration patterns among countries and organizations. Thus, these analyses illustrate the publication’s evolution over time and identified the current research interests and potential directions for the research. Show more
Keywords: Remote working, work place, flexible workplace, work-life balance, bibliometric analysis, statistical bibliographies, COVID-19
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230340
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Pal, Anubhab | Patel, Thaneswer | Khro, Keneiselie
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The accurate measurement of the human body is essential when it comes to designing agricultural tools and equipment that can effectively accommodate and interact with individuals when performing a task. The traditional method for measuring an individual’s body measurements is highly complex and requires two or more skilled individuals and reliable measurement tools. Finding a new approach that is speedier, more precise, and less expensive than current methods is therefore necessary. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop an inexpensive novel photogrammetric anthropometric measurement setup that can extract the dimensions of an individual subject irrespective of …their body shape. METHODS: This study involved the creation of a setup comprising four cameras for a 360° photoshoot of human subjects to calibrate and test the developed measurement setup for capturing photos of human subjects and compare the results with manual measurements. RESULTS: Ten different body dimensions were measured using the setup. There was a significant correlation between the manual and photogrammetric measurement methods (0.943 < r < 0.997). The highest absolute error recorded was 1.87% . CONCLUSION: The photogrammetric method for collecting anthropometric data is a reliable substitute for manual measurements across diverse populations. The results indicate that this low-cost approach is highly precise and reliable, with strong correlation to manual measurements. Multiview photogrammetry proves effective for individuals of various body shapes, making it a versatile option for data collection. Show more
Keywords: Photogrammetry, computer-assisted image processing, body size, agricultural tools, precision measurement
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230276
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Kilic, Eren | Cetin-Kilic, Nergiz | Tatar, Berivan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Covid-19 has introduced many contextual changes into individuals’ work and family lives, affecting their career sustainability. Although previous studies have provided evidence for these changes, little is known about how changing contextual demands (de)motivated them to take proactive initiatives for crafting sustainable careers. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore how changing work and family demands of academic parents during Covid-19 affected their career sustainability indicators and career initiatives regarding health, happiness, and productivity. METHODS: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 academic parents during the post-lockdown period of Covid-19 in Turkey. We …analyzed the qualitative data by using content analysis via MAXQDA software. RESULTS: Results revealed differing career sustainability experiences and initiatives regarding gender roles, career stage, and work/family demands and resources. Notably, women academics with higher contextual demands and lower contextual resources and early-career academics reported relatively adverse experiences concerning their health, happiness, and productivity. Besides, even though early-career academics faced problems with sustaining their career development, they were relatively more oriented to engage in career initiatives, such as reorganizing developmental needs, improving career skills, and seeking career support and guidance. CONCLUSIONS: This study sheds light on the context, time, and person aspects of sustainable careers during Covid-19. Moreover, the study represents one of the first investigations into the proactive initiatives for crafting sustainable careers during the pandemic and provides a deeper insight into the (de)motivators for career proactivity. Show more
Keywords: Covid-19, career choice, sustainable development, parents, work-family balance, academic performance, gender role, qualitative research
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230164
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Craven, Kristelle | De Dios Pérez, Blanca | Holmes, Jain | Fisher, Rebecca | Radford, Kathryn A
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: People with acquired brain injuries (ABIs) often experience residual limitations and co-morbid mental illnesses that restrict work participation. Employers are key in enabling successful return-to-work and job retention. OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to explore employers’ perspectives of factors influencing their support for people with ABIs and/or mental illness to return to- and stay in work. Review questions focused on barriers and facilitators to their support, and contextual characteristics present at the time. METHODS: Five databases were searched from October 2010 until November 2023 for relevant qualitative studies published in English. Findings from included studies (N … = 25) were synthesised using thematic synthesis. RESULTS: Included studies focused on employees with ABI or mental illness, rather than dually diagnosed ABI and mental illness. Employers’ support was influenced by their awareness/knowledge of- and attitudes towards the employee’s condition/illness; their skills and experience in supportive strategies; factors related to provision of work accommodations; and stakeholder influence. Similarities and differences in influential factors were observed across the ABI and mental illness literature. Contextual characteristics related to organisational characteristics, cultural taboo, and involvement of certain stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS: ABI survivors (with and without co-morbid mental illness) and their employers may benefit from specialist support and resources to guide them through the return-to-work process. Further research is needed to investigate employers’ knowledge of ABI and mental illness and supportive strategies. Exploration of the influence of other stakeholders, socio-demographic characteristics, and contextual factors on employers’ return-to-work and retention support for ABI survivors with co-morbid mental illness is warranted. Show more
Keywords: Return to work, vocational rehabilitation, employment, work, work engagement, systematic review
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230214
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-29, 2024
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