Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 7, issue 1

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7116

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. I-III, 1987

Authors: Stoltz, J.F.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7101

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-1, 1987

Authors: Copley, A.L.

Article Type: Introduction

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7102

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 3-14, 1987

Authors: Stoltz, J.F. | Donner, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Erythrocyte aggregation, hemomechanics, thrombosis

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7103

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 15-23, 1987

Authors: Boivin, P.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: red cell deformability, biochemical parameters

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7104

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 25-32, 1987

Authors: Donner, M. | Muller, S. | Stoltz, J.F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The red blood cell membrane is a complex medium with rheological characteristics which may be understood in terms of macroscopic, microscopic and molecular properties. Rheological parameters at the molecular level are electrical surface charge and lipid fluidity. Surface charge results from the presence of ionized chemical groups at the cell surface and may be approached with cell electrophoresis methods. Among the most widely applied methods for studying membrane fluidity, electron spin resonance (ESR) and fluorescence polarization have been the subject of a large number of studies. This paper briefly describe the principles of these methods used to account for molecular …rheology. As membranes alterations are associated with pathological processes of red cells, the methods may also be useful in the field of clinical research and the authors consider the clinical applications of these methods to the red blood cells. Show more

Keywords: Molecular rheology, surface charge, cell electrophoresis, lipid fluidity, electron spin resonance, fluorescence polarization, red cell membrane

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7105

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 33-45, 1987

Authors: Lacombe, C. | Lelievre, J.C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Some results on the use of viscometry in clinical hemorheology investigation are presented. First, viscometric quantities used in Couette viscometry such as shear rate, shear stress and apparent viscosity are defined. Then, are given details on the two modes of measurement: steady state and unsteady state flow modes. In the former, shear-thinning rheograms are presented and related data processing is indicated. In the latter, transient rheograms and hysteresis loops are shown and indices of viscoelasticity and thixotropy are defined. Corresponding rheological behaviors are linked to blood structure which is modified by shear stresses. Examples of viscometric data are given for …suspensions of artificially modified RBC in the cases of: (i) modifications of RBC aggregation, (ii) modifications of RBC shape and RBC deformability. Finally, clinical applications of viscometry on pathological bloods are given in the cases of insulino-dependent diabetes, Raynaud phenomenon and ischemic cardiopathy with normal coronarography. Show more

Keywords: hemorheology, blood viscosity, diabetes, Raynaud, cardiopathy

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7106

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 47-61, 1987

Authors: Lucius, M. | Stoltz, J.F.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Blood visco-elasticity, Thixotropy, R.B.C. aggregation

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7107

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 63-70, 1987

Authors: Chien, Shu | Sung, Lanping Amy

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In aggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) induced by macromolecules, the aggregating energy provided by macromolecular binding to RBC membrane must overcome the disaggregation energy of electrostatic repulsion between RBC surfaces and the effects of mechanical shear stress. Computation of net aggregation energy per unit area (γ a ) from changes in membrane strain energy in stationary RBC aggregates in dextrans and lectins yielded values of 10−2 to 10−3 ergs/cm2 . The difference in γ a between normal and neuraminidase-treated RBCs represents the electrostatic repulsive energy. Moderate shearing enhances RBC aggregation by promoting cell-cell encounter, but high …shear stresses cause RBC disaggregation. The energy required to disaggregate a unit interacting area of RBCs in a flow channel (γ d ) is on the order of 10−4 ergs/cm2. The difference between γ d and γ a suggests that the macromolecular bonds may not have to be broken during shear disaggregation. RBC aggregation can cause an elevation of bulk viscosity of the blood (η B ), but the phase separation due to strong RBC aggregation may have an opposite effect on TlB. The rheological effect of RBC aggregation can also be affected by the geometry of the vessels through which blood flows. Therefore, RBC aggregation exerts complex effects on blood flow resistance and hemodynamics in vivo. RBC aggregation is more prone to occur in the low shear regions of postcapillary venules; the resulting preferential increase of post capillary resistance over precapillary resistance may lead to an elevation of capillary pressure and transcapillary fluid loss. When blood viscosity is elevated by enhanced RBC aggregation, the optimum hematocrit for oxygen transport is shifted to lower levels; hence the low hematocrit values found in paraproteinemias and hemorrhage serve to maintain oxygen transport to tissues. Show more

Keywords: blood viscosity, dextran, lectins, neuraminidase, optimum hematocrit, shear stress

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7108

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 71-91, 1987

Authors: Nash, G.B. | Wenby, R.B. | Sowemimo-Coker, S.O. | Meiselman, H.J.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Red Cell Aggregation, RBC Deformability

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7109

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 93-108, 1987

Authors: Stoltz, J.F. | Paulus, F. | Donner, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: approach of erythrocyte aggregation, static, dynamic, optical

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7110

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 109-118, 1987

Authors: Dormandy, John A. | Nash, Gerald

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: red cell aggregation, venous pathology

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7111

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 119-122, 1987

Authors: Laprevote-Heully, M.C. | Larcan, A. | Bollaert, P.E. | Muller, S. | Donner, M. | Streiff, F. | Stoltz, J.F.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Blood and plasma viscosity, thrombo-embolic states, plasmatic albumin and fibrinogen levels

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7112

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 123-130, 1987

Authors: Stoltz, J.F. | Donner, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Erythrocyte aggregation, therapy, plasma exchange, hemodilution, defibrinating agents

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7113

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 131-136, 1987

Authors: Chien, Shu

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7114

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 137-140, 1987

Article Type: Announcement

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1987-7115

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 141-141, 1987