Doppler ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to evaluate liver allograft discard: A pilot prospective study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Zhang, Hong-jun^{a; 1} | Zheng, Bo-wen^{a; 1} | Gu, Shi-jie^c | Wu, Tao^a | Wu, Li-li^a | Lian, Yu-fan^a | Tong, Ge^a | Yi, Shu-hong^b | Ren, Jie^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China | [b] Department of Liver Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China | [c] Department of Organ Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Jie Ren, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China. Tel.: +86 020 85253333; Fax: +86 020 85253336; E-mail: [email protected].

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Broad hemodynamic changes, is believed to have a profoundly damaging effect on donor livers after brain death (DBD) or cardiac death (DCD). It remains unclear whether Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), the imaging modalities to evaluate perfusion, could provide more information of liver discarded. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the ability of DUS and CEUS to predict the risk of DBD or DCD liver discarded. METHODS:The consecutive DBD or DCD donors with DUS/CEUS examinations before surgical procurement from February 2016 to June 2018 at our institution were included. The US and CEUS images of each donor liver were analyzed and the parameters were recorded. RESULTS:Among the 67 eligible donor livers, 15 (22.4%) were discarded and 52 (77.6%) were used. The discarded livers showed prolonged SAT of hepatic artery (0.08s vs 0.06s, OR = 2.169, P = 0.008) on DUS, less cases with homogeneous enhancement (40.0% vs 73.1%, OR = 0.243, P = 0.028) on CEUS, more cases with decreased enhancement (53.3% vs 19.2%, OR = 4.800, P = 0.009), and less difference of the peak time between portal vein and liver parenchymal (0.5s vs 6.7s, OR = 0.917, P = 0.034). The multivariable analysis showed that donor liver with prolonged SAT of hepatic artery (OR = 7.304, 95% CI: 1.195–44.655, P = 0.031) and decreased enhancement (OR = 2.588, 95% CI: 1.234–5.426, P = 0.012) were independent factors of liver discarded. CONCLUSIONS:DUS/CEUS could be applied as a promising predictive tool to screen high-risk liver donors. The prolonged SAT of hepatic artery on DUS and the decrease of liver donor in enhancement on CEUS, indicating hemodynamic changes in DBD and DCD donor livers, were risk factors of liver discarded.

Keywords: Ultrasonography, Doppler, liver transplantation, tissue and organ procurement, donor selection

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200950

Journal: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 107-114, 2021