Abstract: The authors describe clinical cases of two patients admitted to intensive care unit following severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Patients' sublingual microcirculation was monitored by on-line Sidestream dark-field imaging before and after treatment with erythrocytapheresis. Before treatment, microcirculatory flow alterations were obvious. Therapy produced a rapid decrease in infected red blood cells with a significant improvement in microcirculatory flows, capillary perfusion and patients' outcome. The present cases emphasize the relevance of microcirculation monitoring in patients with capillary perfusion alterations resulting from severe malaria. As far as we know, this is the first observations of an improvement of capillary perfusion after erythrocytapheresis.
