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The purpose of the Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology is to foster advancements of knowledge and help disseminate results concerning recent applications and case studies in the areas of fuzzy logic, intelligent systems, and web-based applications among working professionals and professionals in education and research, covering a broad cross-section of technical disciplines.
The journal will publish original articles on current and potential applications, case studies, and education in intelligent systems, fuzzy systems, and web-based systems for engineering and other technical fields in science and technology. The journal focuses on the disciplines of computer science, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, industrial engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, engineering management, bioengineering, and biomedical engineering. The scope of the journal also includes developing technologies in mathematics, operations research, technology management, the hard and soft sciences, and technical, social and environmental issues.
Authors: Liu, Mingyuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: As virtual reality technology develops, the analysis and processing of video content have become hot spots in the field of computer vision. Video Action Detection aims to locate features in network video, and its research spans many fields, such as computer vision and spatial prediction. In view of the problem of low-efficiency classification models and inaccurate localization of small-scale targets in complex scenes, we propose a novel method to generate candidate intervals for action detection. The action recognition model is adopted to generate the action score sequence on the video time series. We also propose the uncertainty model of the …descending pose detection algorithm. The pre-reaction phase generates a candidate list in the form of concatenated videos containing exactly the same pose to detect action poses that are not identical and of non-maximum duration. Experiments with traditional target detection and multiple deep learning models show that the proposed Non-Maximum Suppression algorithm has a strong ability to extract neural network features. Furthermore, compared with traditional ATSS and Faster R-CNN methods, the detection quality and performance are improved by more than 15.2% and 7.8%, respectively. Our method can fully utilize perception information to improve the quality of decision planning and plays a connecting role between perception fusion and decision planning. Show more
Keywords: Dynamic image processing, spatial feature prediction, uncertainty model, deep neural network
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240271
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Wang, Baoliang | Su, Hongping | Luo, Xiaoqian | Yin, Luqiang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Since the 21st century, network and mobile communication technology are gradually entering the medical and health services field. Combining body area networks, broad-generation mobile communications, and cloud platforms has made various medical applications for large-scale populations possible. The development of digital medical technology, especially digital telemedicine, is increasingly proving to be an important means of significantly reducing the cost of medical care and access, changing the distribution of medical resources, and improving the overall level of care. To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine gongfu combined with rehabilitation therapy on mild depression, anxiety, and functional recovery of activities of …daily living (ADL) in patients recovering from stroke, and to provide new treatment methods to improve the function and daily living ability of the group who develop mild depression and anxiety after stroke. In this paper, the digital medical engineering application combining information technology and medical treatment integrates various high-end information technologies such as body domain network and cloud computing to solve the difficulties in the current application one by one, to provide the national people with the system provides “timely”, “local” and “bottomless” remote digital health services to the Chinese people. Show more
Keywords: Cloud technology, digital telemedicine, traditional gongfu, stroke, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-238267
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Hussain, Abrar | Zhang, Nan | Ullah, Kifayat | Garg, Harish | Al-Quran, Ashraf | Yin, Shi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is a moderate mathematical model, that has diverse capabilities to handle uncertain and ambiguous information of human opinion during the decision analysis process. The Aczel Alsina operations are more flexible and valuable aggregating tools with parameter values ϻ ⩾ 1, reflecting smooth and accurate information by aggregating awkward and redundant information. The theory of the Choquet integral operator is also used to express the interaction between preferences or criteria by incorporating certain values of preferences. The primary features of this article are to derive some dominant mathematical approaches by combining two different theories like Choquet integral …operators and operations of Aczel Alsina tools namely “q-rung orthopair fuzzy Choquet integral Aczel Alsina average” (q-ROFCIAAA), and “q-rung orthopair fuzzy Choquet integral Aczel Alsina geometric” (q-ROFCIAAG) operators. Some special cases and notable characteristics are also demonstrated to show the feasibility of derived approaches. Based on our derived aggregation approaches, a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) technique aggregates redundant and unpredictable information. In light of developed approaches, a numerical example study to evaluate suitable safety equipment in the construction sector. To reveal the intensity and applicability of derived approaches by contrasting the results of prevailing approaches with currently developed AOs. Show more
Keywords: q-rung orthopair fuzzy values, choquet integral operators, aczel alsina operations, and decision support system
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240169
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Saleem, Saima | Khattar, Anuradha | Mehrotra, Monica
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Rapidly classifying disaster-related social media (SM) images during a catastrophe event is critical for enhancing disaster response efforts. However, the biggest challenge lies in acquiring labeled data for an ongoing (target) disaster to train supervised learning-based models, given that the labeling process is both time-consuming and costly. In this study, we address this challenge by proposing a new multimodal transfer learning framework for the real-time classification of SM images of the target disaster. The proposed framework is based on Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model, jointly pretrained on a dataset of image-text pairs via contrastive learning. We propose two distinct methods …to design our classification framework (1) Zero-Shot CLIP: it learns visual representations from images paired with natural language descriptions of classes. By utilizing the vision and language capabilities of CLIP, we extract meaningful features from unlabeled target disaster images and map them to semantically related textual class descriptions, enabling image classification without training on disaster-specific data. (2) Linear-Probe CLIP: it further enhances the performance and involves training a linear classifier on top of the pretrained CLIP model’s features, specifically tailored to the disaster image classification task. By optimizing the linear-probe classifier, we improve the model’s ability to discriminate between different classes and achieve higher performance without the need for labeled data of the target disaster. Both methods are evaluated on a benchmark X (formerly Twitter) dataset comprising images of seven real-world disaster events. The experimental outcomes showcase the efficacy of the proposed methods, with Linear-Probe CLIP achieving a remarkable 7% improvement in average F1-score relative to the state-of-the-art methods. Show more
Keywords: Transfer learning, CLIP, social media, image classification, disaster response
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-241271
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Wu, Xiongyu | Yan, Yixuan | Zhu, Wenxi | Yang, Nina
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, Despite the proven economic growth brought by AI technology globally, the adoption of AI in the construction industry faces obstacles. To better promote the adoption of AI technology in the construction domain, this study, based on the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, delves into the key factors influencing the adoption of AI technology in the construction industry. By introducing personal-level influencing factors such as AI anxiety and personal innovativeness, the UTAUT model is extended to comprehensively understand users’ attitudes and adoption behaviors towards AI technology. METHODOLOGY: The research …framework is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with the added constructs of artificial intelligence anxiety and individual Innovativeness. These data were collected through a combination of online and offline surveys, with a total of 258 valid data collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The study found that Usage Behavior (UB) in adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI) is positively influenced by several factors. Specifically, Performance Expectancy (PE) (β= 0.266, 95%), Effort Expectancy (EE) (β= 0.262, 95%), and Social Influence (SI) (β= 0.131, 95%) were identified as significant predictors of UB. Additionally, Facilitating Conditions (FC) (β= 0.168, 95%) also positively influenced UB.Moreover, the study explored the moderating effects of Artificial Intelligence Anxiety and Individual Innovativeness on the relationships between Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Conditions (FC) with the Usage Behavior of AI technology. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study lie in informing industry stakeholders about the multifaceted dynamics influencing AI adoption. Armed with this knowledge, organizations can make informed decisions, implement effective interventions, and navigate the challenges associated with integrating AI technology into the construction sector. Show more
Keywords: UTAUT, artificial intelligence, construction industry
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240798
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Nguyen, Manh Hung | Van Nguyen, Hong | Tran, Van Quan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Forecasting container ship arrival times is challenging, requiring a thorough analysis for accuracy. This study investigates the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) techniques in maritime transportation. Using a dataset of 581 samples with 8 input variables and 1 output variable (arrival time), ML models are constructed. The Pearson correlation matrix reduces input variables to 7 key factors: freight forwarder, dispatch location, loading and discharge ports, post-discharge location, dispatch day of the week, and dispatch week. The ranking of ML performance for predicting the arrival time of container ships can be arranged in descending order as GB-PSO > XGB > RF > RF-PSO > GB > … KNN > SVR. The best ML model, GB-PSO, demonstrates high accuracy in predicting the arrival time of container ships, with R2 = 0.7054, RMSE = 7.4081 days, MAE = 5.1891 days, and MAPE = 0.0993% for the testing dataset. This is a promising research outcome as it seems to be the first time that an approach involving the use of minimal and easily collectible input factors (such as freight forwarder, dispatch time and place, port of loading, post port of discharge, port of discharge) and the combination of a machine learning model has been introduced for predicting the arrival time of container ships. Show more
Keywords: Machine learning, container ships, arrival time, freight forwarder, place of dispatch, port of loading
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-234552
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: AL-Qadri, Mohammed | Gao, Peiwei | Zhang, Hui | Zhao, Zhiqing | Chen, Lifeng | Cen, Feng | Zhang, Jun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Crack detection in concrete buildings is crucial for assessing structural health, but it poses challenges due to complex backgrounds, real-time requirements, and high accuracy demands. Deep learning techniques, including U-Net and Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN), have shown promise in crack detection. However, they are sensitive to real-world environmental variations, impacting robustness and accuracy. This paper compares the performance of U-Net and FCN for concrete crack detection on bridges using raw images under various conditions. A dataset of 157 images (100 for training, 57 for testing) was used, and the models were evaluated based on Dice similarity coefficient and Jaccard index. …FCN slightly outperformed U-Net in accuracy (94.88% vs. 94.21%), while U-Net had a slight advantage in validation (93.55% vs. 92.99%). These findings provide valuable insights for automated infrastructure maintenance and repair. Show more
Keywords: Cracks detection, concrete buildings, deep learning, U-Net, Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN)
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-239709
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Parthiban, P. | Vaisakhi, V.S.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Wireless sensor network (WSN) collect and detect data in real time, but their battery life limits their lifetime. The CH selection process increases network overhead and reduces lifetime, but it considers node processing and energy limitations. To solve that problem this research methodology proposed Multi Objective Energy trust - Aware Optimal Clustering and Secure Routing (MOETAOCSR) protocol. At first, the trust factors such as direct and indirect factors are calculated. Thus, the calculated values are given as input to the SDLSTM to detect the malicious node and normal node. Here, the network deployment process is initially carried out and then …the cluster is formed by HWF-FCM. From the clustered sensor nodes, the cluster head is selected using Golden Jackal Siberian Tiger Optimization (GJSTO) approach. Then, the selection of CH the paths are learned by using the Beta Distribution and Scaled Activation Function based Deep Elman Neural Network (BDSAF-DENN) and from the detected paths the optimal paths are selected using the White Shark Optimization (WSO). From the derived path sensed data securely transferred to the BS for further monitoring process using FPCCRSA. The proposed technique is implemented in a MATLAB platform, where its efficiency is assessed using key performance metrics including network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, and delay. Compared to existing models such as EAOCSR, RSA, and Homographic methods, the proposed technique achieves superior results. Specifically, it demonstrates a 0.95 improvement in throughput, 0.8 enhancement in encryption time, and a network lifetime of 7.4. Show more
Keywords: Four point curve cryptographic and rivest shamir adleman (FPCCRSA), Haversine with weighted function based fuzzy c-means clustering (HWF-FCM), wireless sensor network, Cluster head (CH), sigmoid deep long short term memory (SDLSTM)
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-236739
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Yu, Hongliang | Peng, Zhen | Wu, Zhaoliang | He, Zirui | Huang, Chun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: To address the existing shortcomings in the research on the coupling of safety risk factors in subway tunnel construction using the shallow-buried excavation method, this paper conducts a coupled analysis and dynamic simulation of the safety risks associated with this construction method. Firstly, by analyzing the mechanisms and effects of risk coupling in shallow-buried excavation construction of subway tunnels, this study divides the risk system into four risk subsystems (human, material, management, and environment), establishes an evaluation index system for the coupling of safety risks, calculates the comprehensive weight values of the risk indicators using the AHP-entropy weight method, and …constructs a risk coupling degree model by combining the inverse cloud model and efficacy function. Subsequently, based on the principles of system dynamics, a causal relationship diagram and a system dynamics simulation model for the coupling of “human-material” risks in construction are established using Vensim PLE software. Finally, the case study of the underground excavation section of Chengdu Metro Line 2 is employed to perform dynamic simulation using the established model. By adjusting the relevant risk coupling coefficients and simulation duration, the impact of the coupling of various risk factors on the safety risk level of the human-material coupling system is observed. The simulation results demonstrate that: 1) Heterogeneous coupling of human and material risks has a particularly significant effect on the system’s safety risks; 2) Violations by personnel and initial support structure defects are key risk coupling factors. The findings of this study provide new insights for decision-makers to assess the safety risk of shallow-buried excavation construction in subway tunnel. Show more
Keywords: Shallow-buried excavation method, risk coupling, coupling degree model, system dynamics, simulation analysis
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-239674
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: With the rapid development of the building industry, intelligent buildings benefit from its safety, energy saving, environmental protection and integration and other advantages have been widely loved by people, most operators also realize the importance of intelligent buildings to bring people humanized and customized services, and in order to realize the personalized service of the building, multi-modal data fusion is an effective method. On the other hand, in today’s Internet of Things society, many practical applications need to deploy a large number of sensing equipment for data collection and processing, so as to carry out high-quality monitoring of the physical …world, but due to the inherent limitations of these hardware equipment and the influence of factors such as the environment, single mode data often cannot be completely and comprehensively monitored to the physical world’s changing characteristics. In this development context, multi-modal data fusion has become a research hotspot in the field of machine learning. Based on this, this paper proposes a one-stage fast object detection model with multi-level fusion of multi-modal features and end-to-end characteristics for building indoor environment perception, and conducts experimental analysis on the performance of the model. The verification results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is 50.7% and the running speed is 0.107 s, which has better performance than the existing detection methods. Show more
Keywords: Multi-modal data fusion, depth perception, target detection, intelligent building, environmental awareness
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-241252
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Saleh Mohamed Naser, Naser | Serte, Sertan | Al-Turjman, Fadi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Deep learning has recently made great progress leading to revolutionizing image recognition, speech recognition, and natural language processing tasks that were previously challenging to make using traditional techniques. Image classification offers a lot of potential for architectural design, even though it is rarely used to uncover new techniques. It can be used to determine the client’s preferences and design a building that satisfies those preferences. The different architectural styles based on culture, region, and time are one of the main challenges for image classification in architecture. Hence, it can be challenging for untrained clients to recognize an architectural style, and …sometimes some buildings are made up of various types that are difficult to classify as a single style. This paper investigates the potential of employing state-of-art cutting-edge image classification algorithms in houses classification. In addition, the paper proposes the uses of Shifted Patch Tokenization (SPT) and Locality Self-Attention (LSA) in order to enhance the performance of Vision transformer (ViT) when trained to classify house images with a small dataset, opposed to the regular ViT which requires huge dataset in order to converge. Experimentally, these techniques proved to have a positive impact on the performance of the ViT, which reached 96.85% accuracy when SPT and LSA are employed. Show more
Keywords: Image recognition, house classification, vision transformer, ViT, shifted patch tokenization, locality self-attention
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230972
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Bai, Hao | Wang, Wubin | Tang, Hao | Li, Xin | Zhao, Yinting | Lv, Dongqin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This study utilized several coupled approaches to create powerful algorithms for forecasting the compressive strength (C s ) of concretes that include metakaolin (MK ) and fly ash (FA ). For this purpose, three various methods were considered, named random forests (RF ), Categorical boosting model (CB ), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB ) by considering the seven most influential input variables. It was tried to divide the concrete components to binder value (B ) to achieve the non-dimensional input variables. Herein, the cutting-edge Tasmanian devil Optimization (TDO ) algorithm was linked with RF , XGB , and CB …for the purpose of determining the optimal values of hyperparameters (named TD - CB , TD - RF , and TD - XG ). It is worth mentioning that developing the mentioned algorithms optimized with TD to estimate the mechanical properties of the concrete containing several important admixtures can be recognized as this study’s contribution to practical applications. The findings indicate that the algorithms possess a notable capacity to precisely forecast the C s of concrete, which includes MK and FA , with R 2 bigger than roughly 0.97. The lower value of OBJ comprehensive index belonged to the TD - CB at 1.5762, followed by TD - XG at 1.9943 and then 2.3317 related to TD - RF with almost 70% reduction. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the prediction of C s is highly influenced by all input parameters, which are higher than 0.8659, but a higher influence from MK /B at 0.9548. Show more
Keywords: Modified concrete, metakaolin, fly ash, unary and binary mix, estimation, categorical boosting
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-242189
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Atef, Shimaa | El-Seidy, Essam | Abd El-Salam, Salsabeel M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Relatedness is necessary and causal in the development of social life. Interlayer relatedness is a measure of how one player’s decisions affect the decisions of other players in the game. The relatedness can be positive or negative. We had to determine how effective each strategy was under specific conditions, and how the correlation between players affected their payoffs. In this paper, we analytically study the strategies that enforce linear payoff relationships in the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD) game considering both a relatedness factor. As a result, we first reveal that the payoffs of two players and three players can be …represented by the form of determinants as shown by Press and Dyson even with the factor. Show more
Keywords: Equalizer, iterated prisoner’s dilemma (IPD), relatedness, two-player, three-player, zero-determinant strategies (ZD)
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-239406
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Zhong, Qiao | Zou, Fang | Zhong, Ling
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Traditional fuzzy decision-making methods still have certain limitations in practical applications, such as the problem of the sum of attribute memberships and non-memberships possibly exceeding 1. Additionally, due to the attributes in real decision-making processes often not being mutually independent but rather exhibiting a certain degree of correlation, traditional fuzzy decision-making methods may not fully capture and express this complexity. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a new multi-attribute decision-making method addressing the problem of integrating information with correlated attributes in the generalized spherical fuzzy environment. Initially, by combining the generalized spherical fuzzy set with the Heronian averaging operator, …the paper introduces the generalized spherical fuzzy weighted Heronian averaging operator and thoroughly discusses some valuable properties of both operators, providing corresponding proofs. Furthermore, the paper proposes the multi-attribute decision-making method using the generalized spherical fuzzy weighted Heronian averaging operator, enriching not only the theoretical framework of multi-attribute decision-making methods but also offering more possibilities for practical applications. Finally, the application of this method in the field of commercial bank lending decision-making will be further explored to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of credit decisions, reduce risks, and promote the healthy development of the banking industry. Show more
Keywords: Heronian mean operator, generalised spherical fuzzy Heronian operator, multi-attribute decision-making
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-241113
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Pethaperumal, Mahalakshmi | Jayakumar, Vimala | Edalatpanah, Seyyed Ahmed | Mohideen, Ashma Banu Kather | Annamalai, Surya
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The global healthcare systems have encountered unparalleled difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the crucial significance of effective management within healthcare supply chains. This research contributes to the field of healthcare supply chain management by presenting a robust MADM methodology called lattice ordered(Lq * ) q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft set(Lq * q-ROMFS -MADM) for supplier evaluation and ranking amidst the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking inspiration from multi-fuzzy soft set and q-rung orthopair fuzzy set, the present research article proposes a novel framework known as Lq * q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft …set (Lq * qROMFSS ), which incorporates lattice ordering in q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft set. The effectiveness of the proposed model is confirmed through successful experimentation on various important operations, including union, intersection, complement, restricted union and intersection. Moreover, the verification of De Morgan’s laws for Lq * qROMFSS is carried out specifically for these operations mentioned above. To highlight the significance of the proposed Lq * qROMFSS , a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problem is presented, showcasing its application in the domain of healthcare supply chain management. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted to elucidate the advantages of this model in comparison to existing models. Show more
Keywords: Lattice ordered multi-fuzzy soft set, q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft set, Lq* q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft set, supplier selection, multi-attribute decision-making
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219411
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Annamalai, Surya | Jayakumar, Vimala
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The Hypersoft set (HSS) theory was created by extending the soft set (SS) theory. The q-Rung linear diophantine fuzzy set (q-RLDFS) is a major development in fuzzy set theory (FS). By fusing q-RLDFS with HSS, the concept of q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy hypersoft set (q-RLDFHSS) is presented in this study. This study also discusses the concepts of lattice ordered q-RLDFHSS (LOq-RLDFHSS) and LOq-RLDFHS Matrix (LOq-RLDFHSM) as well as some standard operations of LOq-RLDFHSM. A medical diagnosis methodology based on LOq-RLDFHSM is proposed to evaluate multi-sub-attributed medical diagnosis difficulties incredibly well along with a diagnosis problem based on patients with comorbidities. …Further, between the proposed and current theories, comparison analysis and discussion have been given in this study. Show more
Keywords: q-Rung linear diophantine fuzzy set (q-RLDFS), hypersoft set(HSS), lattice, medical diagnosis
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219414
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Amrutha Raj, V. | Malu, G.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Deep learning has gained popularity across several industries, including object recognition and classification. In the case of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), the first layers extract the most noticeable elements, such as shape and margin. As the model progresses, it learns to extract more complex features such as texture and color; conversely, skeleton features encompass significant locations (joints) that do not naturally align with the grid-like architecture intended for these networks. This study emphasizes the importance of structural features in enhancing the performance of deep learning models. It introduces the Gesture Analysis Module Network (GAMNet), which computes abstract structural values within …the architecture for feature extraction, prioritization, and classification. These values go through a rigorous evaluation process along with the cutting-edge deep learning model, CNN, and result in intermediate representations, leading to better performance in gesture analysis. An automated dance gesture identification system can address the challenges of recognizing hand movements in unpredictable lighting, varied backgrounds, noise, and changing camera angles. Despite these challenges, GAMNet performed remarkably well, surpassing renowned models like VGGNet, ResNet, EfficientNet, and CNN, achieving a classification accuracy of 96.80%, even in challenging image circumstances. This paper highlights how GAMNet can revolutionize the world of classical Indian dance, opening up new opportunities for research and development in this field. Show more
Keywords: Data augmentation, deep architecture, gesture recognition, structural features, skeleton, convolutional neural network
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219395
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Asthana, Amit | Dwivedi, Sanjay K.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Understanding machine translation (MT) quality is becoming more and more important as MT usage continues to rise in the translation industry. The acceptance of MT output based on their performance and, ultimately, how acceptable the translators actually are, have received relatively less attention so far. MT plays a vital role in CLIR systems and their retrieval efficiency is directly proportional to the translation accuracy of the queries. The varied meanings of words, sentences carrying multiple interpretations, and differing grammatical structures across languages contribute to the complexity of the MT task. The lack of structural constraints and the presence of ambiguity …further compound the complications especially in case of web queries. The objective of this work is to assess the accuracy of free online translators in translating Hindi web queries. The accuracy of the translators has been evaluated on various metrics, i.e., BLEU, NIST, METEOR, hLepor, CHRF and GLEU. Our findings indicate that the translation accuracy for longer queries is higher than the shorter ones. Overall Google translator’s performance has been found the best while Systran performs the worst with 42.06% performance difference between the two. The present work intends to help researchers in further evaluating and analyzing the MT systems specially in context of web query translation, ultimately leading to improved translation quality and retrieval accuracy in CLIR. Show more
Keywords: Machine translation, evaluation metrics, Hindi web query
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-235532
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Rong, Mansong | Wei, Yuan | Xiao, Zhijun | Peng, Hongchong | Schröder, Kai-Uwe
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: In order to improve the identification accuracy of bearing fault diagnosis, overcome the training difficulties and poor generalization ability of fault diagnosis model under the condition of small samples, this work constructs the LSTM-GAN model by combining long short-term memory network (LSTM) with generative adductive neural network (GAN). Firstly, LSTM is used to build a generator to generate adversarial neural network model, and the feature extraction capability of LSTM is adopted to improve the quality of generated samples. Then, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is improved to enhance its classification ability, and the improved CNN is used to classify faults. …Finally, CNN and convolutional autoencoder (CAE) are used to diagnose bearing faults under different working conditions to enhance the diagnostic effect of the model under different working conditions. The results show that LSTM-GAN can capture the feature information in the original data well, and the generated samples can improve the diagnosis accuracy of bearing fault diagnosis under the condition of small samples. The diagnostic model still has high accuracy under different working conditions, which provides support for the research and application of bearing fault diagnosis. Show more
Keywords: Fault diagnosis, data enhancement, variable working conditions, deep learning
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240105
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Hongling | Zhang, Hongzhi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The qualities of the materials employed to manufacture concrete are significantly impacted by high temperatures, which results in a noticeable decrease in the material’s strength characteristics. Concrete must be worked very hard and allowed to reach the required compressive strength (f c ). Nevertheless, a preliminary estimation of the desired outcome may be made with an outstanding degree of reliability by using supervised machine learning algorithms. The study combined the Dingo optimization algorithm (DOA), Coot bird optimization (COA), and Artificial rabbit optimization (ARO) with Random Forests (RF) evaluation to determine the f c of concrete at high …temperatures. The abbreviations used for the combined methods are RFD, RFC, and RFA, respectively. Remarkably, removing the temperature (T ) parameter from the input set leads to a remarkable 1100% improvement in the effectiveness index (PI) and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), while causing a significant fall in the coefficient of determination (R 2 ). The findings suggest that all RFD, RFC, and RFA have substantial promise in properly forecasting the f c of concrete at high temperatures. More precisely, the RFD algorithm demonstrated exceptional precision with R 2 values of 0.9885 and 0.9873 throughout the training and testing stages, respectively. Through a comparison of the error percentages for RFD, RFC, and RFA in error-based measurements, it becomes evident that RFD exhibits an error rate that is about 50% smaller compared to that of RFC and RFA. This prediction is crucial for various industries and applications where concrete structures are subjected to elevated temperatures, such as in fire resistance assessments for buildings, tunnels, bridges, and other infrastructure. By accurately forecasting the compressive strength of concrete under these conditions, engineers and designers can make informed decisions regarding the material’s suitability and performance in high-temperature environments, leading to enhanced safety, durability, and cost-effectiveness of structures. Show more
Keywords: Concrete, elevated temperature, strength, random forests, Dingo optimization algorithm, sensitivity analysis
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240513
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: John, Manu | Mathew, Terry Jacob | Bindu, V.R.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a technique that involves retrieving similar images from a large database by analysing the content features of the query image. The heavy usage of digital platforms and devices has in a way promoted CBIR and its allied technologies in computer vision and artificial intelligence. The process entails comparing the representative features of the query image with those of the images in the dataset to rank them for retrieval. Past research was centered around handcrafted feature descriptors based on traditional visual features. But with the advent of deep learning the traditional manual method of feature engineering …gave way to automatic feature extraction. In this study, a cascaded network is utilised for CBIR. In the first stage, the model employs multi-modal features from variational autoencoders and super-pixelated image characteristics to narrow down the search space. In the subsequent stage, an end-to-end deep learning network known as a Convolutional Siamese Neural Network (CSNN) is used. The concept of pseudo-labeling is incorporated to categorise images according to their affinity and similarity with the query image. Using this pseudo-supervised learning approach, this network evaluates the similarity between a query image and available image samples. The Siamese network assigns a similarity score to each target image, and those that surpass a predefined threshold are ranked and retrieved. The suggested CBIR system undergoes testing on a widely recognized public dataset: the Oxford dataset and its performance is measured against cutting-edge image retrieval methods. The findings reveal substantial enhancements in retrieval performance in terms of several standard benchmarks such as average precision, average error rate, average false positive rate etc., providing strong support for utilising images from interconnected devices. Show more
Keywords: CBIR, siamese neural networks, deep learning, computer vision, clustering
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219396
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Kather Mohideen, Ashma Banu | Jayakumar, Vimala | Pethaperumal, Mahalakshmi | Kannan, Jeevitha
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: As the globe enters a new era, web applications will become indispensable to managing business. Businesses can easily grow, become simpler, and accomplish their objective much faster by employing web applications. Creating a web application in cloud computing allows for the more affordable leveraging of cloud-based services. This makes it easier to avoid setting up and maintaining several servers. To get around cloud computing’s built-in restrictions such as scalability, security, and bandwidth limitations, the future smart world of cloud computing will be coupled with LiFi connectivity. Beyond creating the web application, it is important to promote this web application among …the network of users as quickly and effectively as possible. This manuscript proposes a strategy to address these challenges. There are two primary components to this MCDM technique. The first step is to model the problem as a graph and weigh the edges by employing the Hamacher aggregation operator. The second step involves using a fresh iteration of Kruskal’s technique in conjunction with this approach to discover a Minimum Spanning Tree as a resolution. This manuscript adds to the literature by solving real-world Minimum Spanning Tree problems by combining existing algorithms with MCDM techniques. This technique is demonstrated for marketing a web application(created via cloud service) in a future smart world using LiFi technology. Show more
Keywords: Cloud computing, LiFi technology, Kruskal’s technique, minimum spanning tree, Hamacher aggregation operator
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219423
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Jenefa, A. | Taurshia, Antony | Edward Naveen, V. | Kuriakose, Bessy M. | Thiyagu, T.M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: In the realm of digital imaging, enhancing low-resolution images to high-definition quality is a pivotal challenge, particularly crucial for applications in medical imaging, security, and remote sensing. Traditional methods, primarily relying on basic interpolation techniques, often result in images that lack detail and fidelity. GANSharp introduces an innovative GAN-based framework that substantially improves the generator network, incorporating adversarial and perceptual loss functions for enhanced image reconstruction. The core issue addressed is the loss of critical information during down-sampling processes. To counteract this, we proposed a GAN-based method leveraging deep learning algorithms, trained using sets of both low- and high-resolution images. …Our approach, which focuses on expanding the generator network’s size and depth and integrating adversarial and perceptual loss, was thoroughly evaluated on various benchmark datasets. The experimental results showed remarkable outcomes. On the Set5 dataset, our method achieved a PSNR of 34.18 dB and a SSIM of 0.956. Comparatively, on the Set14 dataset, it yielded a PSNR of 31.16 dB and an SSIM of 0.920, and on the B100 dataset, it achieved a PSNR of 30.51 dB and an SSIM of 0.912. These results were superior or comparable to those of existing advanced algorithms, demonstrating the proposed method’s potential in generating high-quality, high-resolution images. Our research underscores the potency of GANs in image super-resolution, making it a promising tool for applications spanning medical diagnostics, security systems, and remote sensing. Future exploration could extend to the utilization of alternative loss functions and novel training techniques, aiming to further refine the efficacy of GAN-based image restoration algorithms. Show more
Keywords: Adversarial network training, enhanced image generation, image refinement, advanced neural architecture, improved resolution, quality assessment metrics, structural similarity evaluation
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-238597
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Wang, Tianxing | Huang, Bing
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This paper makes a significant contribution to the field of conflict analysis by introducing a novel Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Three-Way Conflict Analysis (IVIFTWCA) method, which is anchored in cumulative prospect theory. The method’s key innovation lies in its use of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to represent an agent’s stance, addressing the psychological dimensions and risk tendencies of decision-makers that have been largely overlooked in previous studies. The IVIFTWCA method categorizes conflict situations into affirmative, impartial, and adverse coalitions, leveraging the evaluation of the closeness function and predefined thresholds. It incorporates a reference point, value functions and cumulative weight functions to …assess risk preferences, leading to the formulation of precise decision rules and thresholds. The method’s efficacy and applicability are demonstrated through detailed examples and comparative analysis, and its exceptional performance is confirmed through a series of experiments, offering a robust framework for real-world decision-making in conflict situations. Show more
Keywords: Three-way decision, conflict analysis, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets, cumulative prospect theory
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-238873
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Pethaperumal, Mahalakshmi | Jayakumar, Vimala | Kannan, Jeevitha | Shanmugam, Nithya Sri
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The global challenges associated with urbanization and the escalating waste production have been magnified in recent times, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to these challenges, municipal authorities, especially in developing nations, are confronted with the imperative task of discerning the most suitable healthcare waste (HCW) disposal methods. These methods are crucial for the effective management of medical waste, both during and after the COVID-19 era. This study introduces a novel similarity measure designed for lattice ordered q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft sets (Lq * q-ROMn FSSs) and exploring some of their essential characteristics. Currently, …no established methods are available for gauging the similarity of Lq * q-ROMn FSSs sets. Therefore, this paper takes a pioneering step by presenting similarity measures tailored for Lq * q-ROMn FSSs sets. Moreover, we propose an evaluation methodology that leverages the lattice ordered q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft information to determine the optimal health care waste (HCW) disposal approach. This approach seeks to enhance decision-making within the realm of waste management, facilitating more informed and effective choices in handling healthcare waste. Show more
Keywords: Multi-fuzzy soft set, Lq* q-rung orthopair multi-fuzzy soft set, Lq* q-ROMnFS matrix, Lq* q-ROMnFS similarity measures, healthcare waste disposal technique
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219412
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Thirugnanasammandamoorthi, Puviyarasi | Kumar, Harsh | Ghosh, Debabrata | Dhasarathan, Chandramohan | Dewangan, Ram Kishan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Sentiment analysis is a method of analyzing emotions and using text analysis techniques with natural language processing methods. Sentiment analysis uses data from various sources to identify the user’s attitude through different aspects. It is widely used for extracting opinions and recognizing sentiments, which helps Business organizations understand the user’s needs. This paper proposes a simple but compelling sentiment analysis method, showing the combined scores based on positive and negative words. Then, the tweets are categorized as Neutral, Negative, or Positive according to the scores. Sentiment analysis and opinion mining have grown significantly in the last decade. Different studies in …this domain try to determine people’s feelings, opinions, and emotions about something or someone. The main objective of this analysis is to determine the sentiment of the review using a machine learning model and then compare the result with the manual review of the data. This would allow researchers to represent and analyze opinions objectively across different domains. A hybrid method that combines a supervised machine learning algorithm with natural language processing techniques is suggested for review analysis. This project aims to find the best model to predict the sentiment of the tweets on airlines. During the research process and considering various methods and variables that should be considered, we found that methods like naïve Bayes and random forest were not fully explored. The proposed system improves an effective and more feasible method for sentimental analysis using machine learning, multinomialNB, linear regression, and regular expression. Show more
Keywords: Sentiment analysis, machine learning, regular expression, multinomialNB, public sentiments, social media analysis
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219417
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Du, Baigang | Rong, Yuying | Guo, Jun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a powerful approach for improving product quality that can transform customer requirements (CRs) into engineering characteristics (ECs) during product manufacturing. The limitations of traditional QFD methods lead to imprecise quantification of CRs and difficulty in accurately mapping customer needs. To address these issues, this paper introduces an innovative QFD approach that integrates extended hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (EHFLTSs), CRITIC, and cumulative prospect theory. The method expresses the subjectivity and hesitancy of decision makers when evaluating the relationship between ECs and CRs using EHFLTSs, considering the conflicts among CRs. The CRITIC is used to comprehensively …evaluate the comparison strength and conflict between indicators, and the cumulative prospect theory is utilized to derive the prioritization of ECs. A case study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Show more
Keywords: Extended hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set, cumulative prospect theory, quality function deployment, CRITIC
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-237217
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Martín-del-Campo-Rodríguez, C. | Batyrshin, Ildar | Sidorov, Grigori
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Word embeddings have been successfully used in diverse tasks of Natural Language Processing, including sentiment analysis and emotion classification, even though these embeddings do not contain any emotional or sentimental information. This article proposes a method to refine pre-trained embeddings with emotional and sentimental content. To this end, a Multi-output Neural Network is proposed to learn emotions and sentiments simultaneously. The resulting embeddings are tested in emotion classification and sentiment analysis tasks, showing an improvement compared with the pre-trained vectors and other proposes in the state-of-the-art for fine-grained emotion classification.
Keywords: Word embedding, multi-output neural network, VAD, polarity, emotion classification
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219354
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Mathi, Senthilkumar | Jothi, Uma | Saravanan, G. | Ramalingam, Venkadeshan | Sreejith, K.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Mobile devices have risen due to internet growth in recent years. The next generation of internet protocol is evolving for mobile devices to generate their addresses and get continuous services across networks to support the enormous number of addresses in network-based mobility. The mobile device updates its current location to its home network and the correspondent users through a binding update scheme in the visited network. Numerous studies have investigated binding update schemes to verify the reachability of the mobile device at its home network. However, most schemes endure security threats due to the incompetence of authenticating user identity and …concealing the temporary location of mobile devices. To address these issues, this paper proposes a secure and efficient binding update scheme (One-CLU) by incorporating a one-key-based cryptographically generated address (CGA) to validate and conceal the address ownership of mobile devices with minimal computations. The security correctness of the proposed One-CLU scheme is verified using AVISPA – a model checker. Finally, the simulation and the numerical results showthat the proposed scheme significantly reduces communication payloads and costs for the binding update, binding refresh, and packet delivery. Show more
Keywords: Mobile communication, routing, privacy, cryptography, communication security
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219422
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Al-Azani, Sadam | Almeshari, Ridha | El-Alfy, El-Sayed
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Speaker demographic recognition and segmentation analytics play a key role in offering personalized experiences across different automated industries and businesses. This paper aims at developing a multi-label demographic recognition system for Arabic speakers from audio and associated textual modalities. The system can detect age groups, genders, and dialects, but it can be easily extended to incorporate more demographic traits. The proposed method is based on deep learning for feature learning and recognition. Representations of audio modality are learned through 3D spectrogram and AlexNet CNN-based architecture. An AraBERT transformer is employed for learning representations of the textual modality. Additionally, a method …is provided for fusing audio and textual representations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using the Saudi Audio Dataset for Arabic (SADA), which is a recently published database containing audio recordings of TV shows in different Arabic dialects. The experimental findings show that when using models with standalone modalities for multi-label demographic classification, textual modality using AraBERT performed better than the audio modality represented using 3D spectrogram along with AlexNet CNN-based architecture. Furthermore, when combining both modalities, audio and textual, significant improvement has been attained for all demographic traits. Show more
Keywords: Demographic, 3D spectrogram, AraBERT, multi-label classification, Arabic LLMs, multimodal deep learning
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219389
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Midula, P. | Shine, Linu | George, Neetha
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Fabrication of semiconductor wafers is a complex process and chances of defect wafers are high. Because of defective wafers the circuit patterns will not be created correctly and it is necessary to identify them. Manual identification of defects are time consuming and expensive. Deep learning methods are widely used for defect detection. In this paper we propose a simple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model for classification of nine defects in wafers. A custom CNN consisting of 9 layers is used for the classification of defects as Center, Donut, Edge-Loc, Edge-Ring, Loc, Random, Scratch, Near-full, and None. Performance of the model …is evaluated using WM-811K dataset. Results shows that the model classifies the defects with high confidence score and an accuracy of 99.1% is achieved using this method. Further, the convolution operation in the CNN is realized using Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm. The model is implemented in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and proved less complex method and consume less computational power than conventional methods. Show more
Keywords: CNN, CORDIC, FPGA, wafer maps
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219430
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Kaur, Amandeep | Rama Krishna, C. | Patil, Nilesh Vishwasrao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a modern networking architecture that segregates control logic from data plane and supports a loosely coupled architecture. It provides flexibility in this advanced networking paradigm for any changes. Further, it controls the complete network in a centralized using controller(s). However, it comes with several security issues: Exhausting bandwidth and flow tables, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, etc. DDoS is a powerful attack for Internet-based applications and services, traditional and SDN paradigms. In the case of the SDN environment, attackers frequently target the central controller(s). This paper proposes a Kafka Streams-based real-time DDoS attacks classification approach …for the SDN environment, named KS-SDN-DDoS. The KS-SDN-DDoS has been designed using highly scalable H2O ML techniques on the two-node Apache Hadoop Cluster (AHC). It consists of two modules: (i) Network Traffic Capture (NTCapture) and (ii) Attack Detection and Traffic Classification (ADTClassification). The NTCapture is deployed on the two nodes Apache Kafka Streams Cluster (AKSC-1). It captures incoming network traffic, extracts and formulates attributes, and publishes significant network traffic attributes on the Kafka topic. The ADTClassification is deployed on the two nodes Apache Kafka Streams Cluster (AKSC-2). It consumes network flows from the Kafka topic, classifies it based on the ten attributes, and publishes it to the decision Kafka topic. Further, it saves attributes with outcome to the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The KS-SDN-DDoS approach is designed and validated using the recent “DDoS Attack SDN dataset”. The result shows that the proposed system gives better classification accuracy (100%). Show more
Keywords: Control plane, real-time, dynamic network, Apache Hadoop, data plane, Kafka streams
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219405
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Xu, Ying | Ji, Xinrong | Zhu, Zhengyang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: With the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) in microgrids, DER power inverters have become a critical asset for providing power support to these microgrids. Meanwhile, the grid-forming (GFM) inverters, among these DER inverters, have gained significant attention in microgrid applications for their capability to enable the DERs to operate in different microgrid conditions and various operation modes. Moreover, with the implementation of these GFM inverters, smooth operation mode transition, GFM functions as well as black start functions can be obtained to improve the operation of the microgrid systems. In this article, a generalized control method for a single-phase …GFM inverter is developed for community microgrid applications, facilitating smooth operation behavior in both operation modes with grid support functions and stable transition for different microgrid conditions. The control design procedure and function analysis of the proposed control method are explained in detail based on the community microgrid system. The effectiveness of the method in this paper is demonstrated on a 10 kW single-phase GFM inverter prototype with comparison to a model predictive method in recent literature. Show more
Keywords: Grid-forming inverter, microgrid, grid-support function, stable transition
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-236902
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Tian, Jing | Zhao, Ziqi | Lin, Zheng | Zhang, Fengling | Chen, Renzhen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Inter-shaft bearings are an essential component of aircraft engines, and their operational status determines the safety of aircraft engine operation. Therefore, to improve the accuracy of fault type prediction and enrich the feature information in vibration signals of aircraft engine inter-shaft bearings, this paper proposes an STFT-CNN model based on the AlexNet architecture, extending its application to the research of aircraft engine inter-shaft bearing fault diagnosis. This approach addresses the common reliance on personnel experience for fault type diagnosis in traditional aircraft engine inter-shaft bearing fault diagnosis. Firstly, real vibration fault signals from inter-shaft bearings are collected through experiments to …enrich feature information in non-stationary signals using STFT time-frequency methods. Secondly, utilizing the high interpretability of the STFT-CNN model, fault feature data from inter-shaft bearings under various operating conditions are extracted to refine our understanding of fault feature information. Finally, leveraging the robustness of the STFT-CNN model, fault types are classified and predicted. The training process involves comparative analysis using different pooling algorithms, time-frequency analysis methods, and various deep learning network models. The results demonstrate that the STFT-CNN model, employing the maximum pooling algorithm, outperforms other models in predicting inter-shaft bearing faults, achieving an average fault prediction accuracy of 98.8% . Show more
Keywords: Inter-shaft bearings, STFT-CNN model, pooling algorithms, feature extraction, classification prediction
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-240044
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Li, Yibing | Jiang, Shijin | Wang, Lei
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: With explosive growth of industrial big data, workshop scheduling faces problems such as high complexity, multi-dimensionality and low stability. Recent years, the wide application of deep learning provides new idea for scheduling problem. In this paper, a hybrid deep convolution network and differential evolution algorithm is proposed to solve the non-permutation flow shop scheduling problem with the goal of minimizing total completion time. Mining relationship between job attributes and process priority by deep convolutional network is core idea of this method. In this paper, differential evolution algorithm is used to obtain the data set for deep learning, and neighborhood search …algorithm is used to optimize scheduling solution. Additionally, a method combining k-means algorithm and data statistics is proposed, which provides a reasonable way for priority division. The experimental results show that this method can greatly improve scheduling efficiency. Show more
Keywords: Differential evolution algorithm, convolutional neural network, K-means algorithm; priority, flow shop scheduling
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-236874
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024
Authors: Duvvuri, Kavya | Kanisettypalli, Harshitha | Masabattula, Teja Nikhil | Amudha, J. | Krishnan, Sajitha
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Glaucoma is an eye disease that requires early detection and proper diagnosis for timely intervention and treatment which can help slow down further progression and to manage intraocular pressure. This paper aims to address the problem by proposing a novel approach that combines a model-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach, called DynaGlaucoDetect, with ocular gaze data. By leveraging the RL algorithms to simulate and predict the dynamics of glaucoma, a model-based approach can improve the accuracy and efficiency of glaucoma detection by enabling better preservation of visual health. The RL agent is trained using real experiences and synthetic experiences which are …generated using the model-based algorithm Dyna-Q. Two different Q-table generation methods have been discussed: the Direct Synthesis Method (DSM) and the Indirect Synthesis Method (IdSM). The presence of glaucoma has been detected by comparing the reward score a patient obtains with the threshold values obtained through the performed experimentation. The scores obtained using DSM and IdSM have been compared to understand the learning of the agent in both cases. Finally, hyperparameter tuning has been performed to identify the best set of hyperparameters. Show more
Keywords: Glaucoma detection, model-based RL, Dyna-Q algorithm, reward system
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219400
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Wang, Jing | Gao, Tingting | Du, Hongxu | Tu, Chuang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: To address the issue of final delivery route planning in the community group purchase model, this study takes into full consideration logistics vehicles of different energy types. With the goal of minimizing the sum of vehicle operating costs, delivery timeliness costs, goods loss costs, and carbon emissions costs, a multi-objective optimization model for community group purchase final delivery route planning is constructed. An improved genetic algorithm with a hill-climbing algorithm is utilized to enhance adaptive genetic operators, preventing the algorithm from getting stuck in local optima and improving the solution efficiency. Finally, a case study simulation is conducted to validate …the feasibility of the model and algorithm. Experimental results indicate that currently, among the three types of vehicles, fuel logistics vehicles still have an advantage in terms of vehicle usage cost. Electric logistics vehicles exhibit the poorest performance with the highest cost per hundred kilometers, but their sole advantage lies in their high energy release efficiency, enabling optimal low-carbon vehicle performance. Battery-swapping logistics vehicles perform the best in terms of carbon emissions, combining the advantages of both fuel-based and electric logistics vehicles. Therefore, battery-swapping logistics vehicles are a favorable choice for replacing fuel-based logistics vehicles in the future, offering promising prospects for future development. Show more
Keywords: Community group-buying, the route problem of end-distribution, improved genetic algorithm, carbon emission cost
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-234773
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Gao, Dongling | Ma, Suhong | Kong, Xiangchuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: In today’s Higher Education System (HES), Smart Learning (SL), also known as Intelligent Learning (IL) or Adaptive Learning (AL), plays an increasingly vital role. No longer is the traditional, one-size-fits-all method of education suitable for filling the several demands of students. Using SL technologies powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms can potentially revolutionize the HES. An emerging area of study, edge-based SL helps use Edge Computing (EC) to provide learners with instantaneous, specialized, and context-aware learning. Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming increasingly well-liked, and data is proliferating. Using video data as a primary source …of learning content and delivering it via EC infrastructure is what is referred to as “Video Streaming (VS)” in Edge-Based Learning (EBL). By examining the importance of providing mobile video clients with a high-quality visual experience—especially considering that video streaming (VS) traffic makes up a significant amount of mobile network traffic—the research gap is filled. The proposed Content Delivery Scheme (CDS), which is based on long short-term memory, is intended to improve security and privacy protocols, accelerate network service response times, and increase application intelligence. The project intends to close the current gap in edge-based Smart Learning (SL) technologies, namely in the distribution of video material for adaptive learning in higher education, by concentrating on these elements. Given that VS traffic forms a considerable portion of mobile network traffic, this paper aims to investigate the significance of delivering a performing visual experience to mobile video clients. Fast network service response, enhanced application intelligence, and enhanced security and privacy are all made possible by the proposed LSTM-based Content Delivery Scheme (CDS). The proposed approach attains minimal stall time of 2347 ms, which outperforms the existing techniques. Show more
Keywords: Higher education system, IoT, machine learning, e-Learning, edge computing, content delivery scheme, security
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-237485
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Ayub, Mohammed | El-Alfy, El-Sayed M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Energy is a critical resource for daily activities and lifestyles with direct impacts on the economy, health and environment. Therefore, monitoring its efficient use is essential to reduce energy waste and lessen related concerns such as global warming and climate change. One of the prominent and evolving solutions is Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) smart meters, which enables consumers to track their per-appliance energy consumption more effectively. Some recent approaches have proposed deep learning as a powerful tool for energy disaggregation. However, it is difficult to employ these models in resource-constrained end devices for effective energy monitoring. In this paper, we …explore and evaluate a lightweight improved model for multi-target non-intrusive load monitoring based on MobileNet architectures. With extensive experiments using the ENERTALK dataset, the results show that MobileNetV3-large is the most appealing for energy disaggregation as it requires about 55% less storage for trained model and about 6% less training time than MobileNetV2 with almost the same performance. On average, version 3 large has a 17.63% reduction in SAE and requires 54.21% and 8.93% less space and less training time than version 2, respectively. Moreover, the average performance is boosted using an ensemble multi-target MobileNet model across all houses, leading to significant reduction of MAE, SAE, and RMSE errors of about 6%, 48%, and 4%, respectively. In comparison to other work, the proposed MMNet-NILM shows superior performance for the majority of appliances in terms of all considered evaluation metrics. Show more
Keywords: Multi-target MobileNet, ENERTALK, Lightweight NILM, energy disaggregation, ensemble MobileNet
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219426
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-22, 2024
Authors: Yang, Yeling
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Vocal music training for college students impacts the social and emotional aspects of better learning. This impact must be classified progressively to improve the social and musical connectivity coinciding with real-time emotions. Therefore, an intermittent analysis of music learning is required for augmenting socio-emotional changes to the learning method. This article introduces Impact-centric Learning Analysis (ILA) using the Fuzzy Control Algorithm (FCA) for the purpose above. The control algorithm operates in two linear stages: in the first stage, the socio-emotional impact of the learning on the students is analyzed, pursued by the learning changes in the second stage. This first …stage inputs student activity scores based on real-time implications. The lowest scores are classified independently in the second stage, and learning changes are carried out. The learning change is targeted to meet the maximum (optimal) impact score from the first stage using fuzzy differentiations based on training sessions and student performance. Therefore, the proposed algorithm generates an optimal impact for the considered features (socio-emotional), preventing trivial vocal music sessions. Show more
Keywords: Fuzzy control, impact optimization, socio-emotional learning, vocal music
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233922
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Sindge, Renuka Sambhaji | Dutta, Maitreyee | Saini, Jagriti
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Video Super Resolution (VSR) applications extensively utilize deep learning-based methods. Several VSR methods primarily focus on improving the fine-patterns within reconstructed video frames. It frequently overlooks the crucial aspect of keeping conformation details, particularly sharpness. Therefore, reconstructed video frames often fail to meet expectations. In this paper, we propose a Conformation Detail-Preserving Network (CDPN) named as SuperVidConform. It focuses on restoring local region features and maintaining the sharper details of video frames. The primary focus of this work is to generate the high-resolution (HR) frame from its corresponding low-resolution (LR). It consists of two parts: (i) The proposed model decomposes …confirmation details from the ground-truth HR frames to provide additional information for the super-resolution process, and (ii) These video frames pass to the temporal modelling SR network to learn local region features by residual learning that connects the network intra-frame redundancies within video sequences. The proposed approach is designed and validated using VID4, SPMC, and UDM10 datasets. The experimental results show the proposed model presents an improvement of 0.43 dB (VID4), 0.78 dB (SPMC), and 0.84 dB (UDM10) in terms of PSNR. Further, the CDPN model set new standards for the performance of self-generated surveillance datasets. Show more
Keywords: Super-resolution, image super-resolution, video super-resolution, recurrent network, residual learning
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219393
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Ezeji, Ijeoma Noella | Adigun, Matthew | Oki, Olukayode
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The rise of decision processes in various sectors has led to the adoption of decision support systems (DSSs) to support human decision-makers but the lack of transparency and interpretability of these systems has led to concerns about their reliability, accountability and fairness. Explainable Decision Support Systems (XDSS) have emerged as a promising solution to address these issues by providing explanatory meaning and interpretation to users about their decisions. These XDSSs play an important role in increasing transparency and confidence in automated decision-making. However, the increasing complexity of data processing and decision models presents computational challenges that need to be investigated. …This review, therefore, focuses on exploring the computational complexity challenges associated with implementing explainable AI models in decision support systems. The motivations behind explainable AI were discussed, explanation methods and their computational complexities were analyzed, and trade-offs between complexity and interpretability were highlighted. This review provides insights into the current state-of-the-art computational complexity within explainable decision support systems and future research directions. Show more
Keywords: Explainable decision support systems, computational complexity, optimization, explainable artificial intelligence, review
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219407
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Liu, Fuchen | Zhou, Sijia | Zhang, Dezhou | Wang, Xiaocui
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Deep learning has demonstrated remarkable advantages in the field of human pose estimation. However, traditional methods often rely on widening and deepening networks to enhance the performance of human pose estimation, consequently increasing the parameter count and complexity of the networks. To address this issue, this paper introduces Ghost Attentional Down network, a lightweight human pose estimation network based on HRNet. This network leverages the fusion of features from high-resolution and low-resolution branches to boost performance. Additionally, GADNet utilizes GaBlock and GdBlock, which incorporate lightweight convolutions and attention mechanisms, for feature extraction, thereby reducing the parameter count and computational complexity …of the network. The fusion of relationships between different channels ensures the optimal utilization of informative feature channels and resolves the issue of feature redundancy. Experimental results conducted on the COCO dataset, with consistent image resolution and environmental settings, demonstrate that employing GADNet leads to a reduction of 60.7% in parameter count and 61.2% in computational complexity compared to the HRNet network model, while achieving comparable accuracy levels. Moreover, when compared to commonly used human pose estimation networks such as Cascaded Pyramid Network (CPN), Stacked Hourglass Network, and HRNet, GADNet achieves high-precision detection of human keypoints even with fewer parameters and lower computational complexity, our network has higher accuracy compared to MobileNet and ShuffleNet. Show more
Keywords: Human pose estimation, high-resolution network, attention mechanism, feature redundancy
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233501
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Vusirikkayala, Gowthami | Madhu Viswanatham, V.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Detecting communities within a network is a critical component of network analysis. The process involves identifying clusters of nodes that exhibit greater similarity to each other compared to other nodes in the network. In the context of Complex networks (CN), community detection becomes even more important as these clusters provide relevant information of interest. Traditional mathematical and clustering methods have limitations in terms of data visualization and high-dimensional information extraction. To address these challenges, graph neural network learning methods have gained popularity in community detection, as they are capable of handling complex structures and multi-dimensional data. Developing a framework for …community detection in complex networks using graph neural network learning is a challenging and ongoing research objective. Therefore, it is essential for researchers to conduct a thorough review of community detection techniques that utilize cutting-edge graph neural network learning methods [102 ], in order to analyze and construct effective detection models. This paper provides a brief overview of graph neural network learning methods based on community detection methods and summarizes datasets, evaluation metrics, applications, and challenges of community detection in complex networks. Show more
Keywords: Community detection (CD), complex networks (CN), graph neural network (GNN), deep learning (DL), communities, clusters
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-235913
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-24, 2024
Authors: Abu-Sharkh, Osama M.F. | Surkhi, Ibrahim | Zabin, Hamzah | Alhasan, Maher
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: As the entire world is becoming increasingly a global village, the need for reliable, smooth, and easy-to-use applications that facilitate the communication process between people speaking different languages worldwide becomes essential, especially in the tourism industry. While numerous online and mobile applications attempt to bridge the linguistic gap using text-to-text, text-to-voice, or voice-to-text-to-voice translators, they often fall short due to constraints such as the need for a single shared device, manual setup of speaker’s gender and preferred language, and an inability to communicate from a distance. These applications struggle to mimic the practical nature of real-time multilingual conversations where immediate …and clear communication is paramount. This paper introduces an intelligent peer-to-peer polyglot voice-to-voice mobile application to facilitate the communication of people speaking different languages worldwide transparently mimicking a live conversation whether the involved parties are close to each other or at a nearby distance. People can interact with others transparently using their preferred language, irrespective of others’ languages, while the application automatically recognizes the language, gender of the speaker, and spoken words with very high accuracy. Five languages were implemented in the developed application as a proof-of-concept, and it is designed to smoothly and simply adapt more in future updates. Show more
Keywords: Multilingual, intelligent, text-to-voice, translation, voice-to-text
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219388
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Tariq, Sana | Amin, Asjad
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The emergence of machine learning in the recent decade has excelled in determining new potential features and nonlinear relationships existing between the data derived from the DNA sequences of genetic diseases. Machine learning also enhances the process of handling data with maximum predicted variables compared to observations during the data mining process of prediction. In this context, our study presents a deep learning model for predicting Transcription Factor Binding Sites (TFBS) in DNA sequences, with a focus on features within genetic data associated with diseases. Transcription Factors (TFs) play a crucial role in modulating gene expression by binding to TFBS. …The accurate prediction of TFBS is essential for understanding genome function and evolution. Thus, we develop an efficient deep learning model that considers TFBS prediction as a nucleotide-level binary classification task. In our proposed model, first we create an input matrix using the original DNA sequences. Next, we encode these DNA sequences using one-hot encoding, representing them as a sequence of numerical values. We then employ three convolutional layers, allowing our model to capture intricate patterns and motif features over a larger spatial range. To capture important features within the DNA sequence and to focus on them, we incorporate an attention layer. Finally, a dense layer, consisting of two fully connected layers and a dropout layer, calculates the probability of TF binding site occurrence based on the features learned by the proposed model. Our experimental results, using in-vivo datasets obtained from Chip-seq, demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed deep learning model in TFBS prediction compared to other existing state-of-the-art methods. The improvement in accuracy is due to additional layers of CNN and then an attention layer in the model. Thus, this result in a better performance of our approach in predicting the transcription factor binding sites and enhancing our understanding of gene regulation and genome function. Show more
Keywords: Transcription factor binding sites, one-hot encoding, convolutional layer, attention layer
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-238159
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Vu, Hoai Nam | Nguyen, Quang Dung | Nguyen, Thuy Linh | Tran-Anh, Dat
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: In the real world, the appearance of similar rice varieties depends on various factors such as resolution, angle, lighting conditions, and perspective. Additionally, complex environmental factors and characteristics of each rice type, such as enhanced light intensity, cross-polarization, and shading, rice background color, and image similarity, play a role. This indicates that the data augmentation process may enhance the accuracy of crop identification, particularly in the context of self-supervised machine learning. The aim of this research is to develop a precise rice segmentation method based on the improved Mask R-CNN (Region-based Convolutional Neural Network) with multitask data augmentation. The Mask …R-CNN model is enhanced by incorporating multitask input to improve feature extraction for rice. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved Mask R-CNN model can accurately segment various rice types under different conditions, such as different background colors and varying sizes of rice grains. The achieved precision, recall, F1 score, and segmentation mean Average Precision (mAP) are 95.5%, 96.3%, 95.9%, and 0.924, respectively. The average runtime on the test set is 0.35 seconds per image. Our method outperforms two comparative approaches, showcasing its ability to accurately segment rice in the market deployment phase with near real-time performance. This study establishes the foundation for the accurate detection of valuable agricultural products. Show more
Keywords: Multi-augmentation, deep learning, Mask RCNN, rice recognition, fusion metric
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-241133
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Wang, Lin | Ye, Hongling | Wang, Pengfei | Xu, Chi | Qian, Aiwen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: To enhance the control performance of semi-active suspension systems, this research proposes a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) with adaptive nonlinear correction of inertia weights, which is then integrated with a proportional integral differential (PID) algorithm. To this end, this research establishes quarter semi-active and passive suspension models of automobiles by utilizing the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform. In this foundation, this research further compares the advantages and disadvantages regarding performance indexes of semi-active suspension controlled by the adaptive inertia weighted particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm and the PID algorithm, as well as the PID-controlled semi-active suspension and passive suspension through simulation. …Simulation results indicate that performance indicator values for different suspension types increase with higher pavement grades. Compared with passive suspension, the semi-active suspension controlled by APSO and PID algorithms presents significantly improved performance indexes, with reductions of at least 31.61% in root mean square (RMS) concerning body vertical acceleration, 1.78% in suspension dynamic deflection, and 22.13% in tire dynamic loads. Moreover, analysis of suspension system frequency response characteristics demonstrates a significant decrease in droop acceleration transmission rate for the semi-active suspension with APSO and PID algorithms across the whole frequency range compared with that of the PID-controlled suspension and passive suspension. On the same note, despite the higher values of suspension dynamic deflection and tire dynamic load transfer rate in certain frequency bands, they are generally within acceptable suspension limits. Simply put, the findings confirm the feasibility of applying the APSO algorithm in PID-controlled semi-active suspension systems, which effectively improves both vehicle ride comfort and handling stability. Show more
Keywords: Semi-active suspension, PID control, improved particle swarm optimization algorithm
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-234812
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Wang, Xiao | Wang, Dan | Zhou, Jincheng
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The correspondence between the decision space and the objective space is often many-to-one in multi-objective optimization problems. Therefore, a class of problems with such mapping relationships is defined as a MMOPs. For these problems, how to ensure the final solution converges to each Pareto solution set and guarantees the diversity of the algorithm is an urgent problem. The method of the paper with opposition-based strategy, a multimodal multi-objective optimization algorithm, is proposed. The algorithm proposed is called MMODE_OP, which is framed by a differential evolutionary algorithm, and opposition-based learning is applied to the initialization phase and generation-hopping phase to filter …out the more promising individuals in the population for iteration to enhance the global search capability and the diversity of population. In addition, different Gaussian perturbation strategies are adopted with iteration to achieve the search of the neighborhood, which can further not only improve the quality of the Pareto solution set but also enable the convergence of the Pareto solution set quickly. This method improves the algorithm’s local and global search ability, and enables multiple the Pareto solution set and improving the convergence. In the meantime, adaptive scaling factors and crossover factors are designed in this paper to enhance the improved search capability. Finally, the experiment results of MMODE_OP and other excellent algorithms on 13 test problems corroborate the proposed methods have superior performance. Show more
Keywords: Multimodal, multi-objective, differential evolutionary algorithm, opposition-based learning
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233826
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Thampi, Sabu M. | El-Alfy, El-Sayed M. | Berretti, Stefano
Article Type: Editorial
DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-219381
Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
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