Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 18, issue 2-3

Authors: Mellinghoff, Achim C. | Reininger, Armin J. | Wurzinger, Laurenz J. | Landgraf, Rüdiger | Hepp, K. Dietrich

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (PKT) is associated with a deterioration of hemorheology. We investigated the determinants of plasma and blood viscosity (hct. 35%) after PKT (n=49 ), in type 1 diabetes (n=26 ) and in healthy controls (n= 24). Patients after PKT were subdivided due to their graft function (intact pancreas and kidney graft, n=26 ; pancreas rejected, intact kidney graft, n=23 ). We examined the correlations of total serum protein, albumin, fibrinogen, \alpha _2 ‐macroglobulin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides with plasma and blood viscosity (hct. 35%) measured at …a continuous shear range of 600–0.2 s^{-1} with a rotational viscometer (Haake, Germany). Total protein was strongly associated with plasma viscosity in all examined groups (r>0.5 , p<0.03 ), it determined blood viscosity over the whole shear range in type 1 diabetic patients, but only at high shear rates after PKT (\scriptstyle \geqslant 100 s^{-1} ). The strong association of albumin and blood viscosity in type 1 diabetes and in healthy controls (shear rates \scriptstyle \geqslant 10 s^{-1} ) was not found after PKT. Fibrinogen correlated with plasma and blood viscosity (\scriptstyle \geqslant 25 s^{-1} ) after PKT (p<0.03 ) but not in type 1 diabetic patients or healthy controls. \alpha _{2} ‐macroglobulin correlated with plasma and high shear blood viscosity after PKT only after pancreas rejection, no correlation was found after successful PKT. It also correlated with plasma and blood viscosity at low and high shear rates in type 1 diabetes. Total cholesterol and low shear blood viscosity correlated positively in successfully transplanted patients (r>0.44 ), but negatively after pancreas rejection (r> - 0.44 ). No correlation was found in type 1 diabetic patients, a positive association was found in healthy controls for plasma and low shear blood viscosity. LDL cholesterol correlated negatively (after pancreas rejection) or positively (healthy controls) with low shear blood viscosity (p<0.03 ) and positively with plasma viscosity. HDL cholesterol was negatively associated with high shear blood viscosity in all groups (p<0.05 ), except after successful PKT, where no association was found. It did not correlate with plasma viscosity in any group. Triglycerides did not contribute significantly to blood viscosity in the examined groups. The metabolic alterations after PKT influence plasma proteins, lipids and corpuscular elements of blood with regard to their effect on rheology. Show more

Keywords: Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, viscosity

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 18, no. 2-3, pp. 175-184, 1998

Authors: Muravyov, A.V. | Zaitsev, L.G. | Muravyov, A.A. | Yakusevich, V.V. | Sirotkina, A.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this study, the effect of the angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) Ramipril (5 mg/day) and calcium antagonist Isradipin (5 mg/day) treatment of two groups of hypertensive patients (n=22 in each of group) was evaluated. The parameters of the hemorheological profile (blood and plasma viscosity, red blood cell aggregation and deformation, plasma protein concentration and its osmolality, hematocrit and ratio of Hct/blood viscosity) were measured in basal conditions (before treatment) and after 3 weeks of treatment. The patients showed some increased blood, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregability and fibrinogen concentration in basal conditions. In both groups of patients, three main …parameters of the hemorheological profile (plasma viscosity, Hct and RBC aggregation) decreased after treatment. No significant changes in red cell deformability was found. In conclusion, ACE inhibition with Ramipril and calcium channel blocking with Isradipin lead to a moderate improvement of blood rheology in patients with hypertension. This may be explained by the pronounced vasodilatatory effect of ACE inhibitor and calcium antagonist, though their acting mechanism is different. Show more

Keywords: Arterial hypertension, hemorheological profile, angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor, calcium antagonists

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 18, no. 2-3, pp. 185-190, 1998

Authors: Rosenson, Robert S. | Tangney, Christine C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Reliable plasma viscosity measurements are required for cardiovascular risk factor assessment. This study was designed to examine the influence of tourniquet pressure and duration on plasma viscosity measurement with a coaxial cylinder at 37{}^\circ C. Plasma viscosity was evaluated at low (40 mm Hg) and high (mean arterial blood pressure plus 10 mm Hg) tourniquet pressure and at two time intervals following (0–1 and 4–5 min) of tourniquet application in 38 healthy adults. Longer duration of tourniquet application was accompanied by a significant increase in plasma viscosity at both low (1.356{}\pm{} 0.067 mPa s versus 1.393{}\pm{} …0.067 mPa s (p= 0.0001 )) and high (1.321{}\pm{} 0.071 mPa s versus 1.430{}\pm{} 0.086 mPa s (p= 0.0002 )) tourniquet pressures. Plasma viscosity values were not influenced by the magnitude of tourniquet pressure. The accuracy of plasma viscosity measurements can be improved by sample acquisition within 1 min following tourniquet application. Show more

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 18, no. 2-3, pp. 191-194, 1998

Authors: Caimi, G. | Canino, B. | Montana, M. | Lo Presti, R.

Article Type: Letter

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 18, no. 2-3, pp. 195-197, 1998

Article Type: Abstract

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 18, no. 2-3, pp. 199-234, 1998