Investigation on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with carotid disease receiving carotid endarterectomy

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Pascazio, L. | Regina, G. | Perilli, F. | Caputo, G. | Gigli, A. | Lamberti, P.

Affiliations: Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences – Chair of Vascular Surgery, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy

Abstract: 100 patients (pts) receiving CEA (carotid endarterectomy) were evaluated in this study. In some of them postoperative complications were observed, characterized by TIA (transient ischemic attack) and, mostly, by cerebral hyperperfusion. In only two of the pts investigated CEA needed the implantation of a shunt, due to the emergence of intolerance signs at carotid Clamping (C) evaluated by TCD (transcranial Doppler); the preoperative cerebral angiography in the two subjects in question did not show malformations of the circle of Willis. The hyperperfusive phenomenon and the absence of intracranial compensation flows during CEA seemed to be ascribed to a more or less severe impairment of cerebral reserve. Such impairment of the autoregulatory capacity seems to be crucial to the pathogenesis of hemodynamic stroke. Thus the indication to CEA, in pts with severe carotid disease, should take into account also the cerebral reserve (CR) impairment to prevent both thromboembolic and hemodynamic stroke. The predictive and diagnostic role of TCD turns out to be crucial in assessing and selecting pts candidate to CEA.

Keywords: Carotid endarterectomy, transcranial Doppler, cerebral reserve, hyperperfusion syndrome, carotid disease, hemodynamic stroke

Journal: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 21, no. 3-4, pp. 395-403, 1999