Work - Volume 41, issue Supplement 1

Authors: Hancock, G.M. | Hancock, P.A. | Janelle, C.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Emotion-provoking stimuli abound on modern roadways. Driving measures, of both longitudinal and lateral control of the vehicle, have been shown to vary based on affective influences. Research, however, has yet to address how drivers’ individual techniques to mitigate emotional reactions influence driving performance. To address this issue, the present study featured a dual-task protocol involving simulated driving together with processing of emotionally-valenced images with a focus on different Predominant Emotion Regulation Techniques (PERT): one adaptive strategy (task-focused coping) and one maladaptive style (emotion-focused coping). Dependent measures included mean driving speed and number of lane excursions. Results indicated that pleasant images …degraded longitudinal control to the greatest extent, while unpleasant images produced the greatest detriment in lateral control. Additionally, individuals’ PERT played a major interactive role in drivers’ longitudinal control leading task-focused females and emotion-focused males to adhere more closely to the speed limit; yet, it did not affect their lateral control. Results hold important potential implications for the amount or variety of training necessary for driver licensure to promote and sustain safe vehicle control. Show more

Keywords: Vehicle Operation Efficacy, Affective States, Traffic Safety

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0982-5882

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5882-5885, 2012

Authors: Mouloua, M. | Ahern, A. | Quevedo, A. | Jaramillo, D. | Rinalducci, E. | Smither, J. | Alberti, P. | Brill, C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study was designed to empirically examine the effects of iPod device and text-messaging activities on driver distraction. Sixty participants were asked to perform a driving simulation task while searching for songs using an iPod device or text messaging. Driving errors as measured by lane deviations were recorded and analyzed as a function of the distracters. Physiological measures (EEG) were also recorded during the driving phases in order to measure participant levels of cortical arousal. It was hypothesized that iPod use and text messaging would result in a profound effect on driving ability. The results showed a significant effect of …iPod use and text-messaging on driving performance. Increased numbers of driving errors were recorded during the iPod and text-messaging phases than the pre- and post-allocation phases. Higher levels of Theta activity were also observed during the iPod and Text-messaging phase than the pre- and post-allocation phases. Implications for in-vehicle systems design, training, and safety are also discussed. Show more

Keywords: Text-Messaging, iPod Use, Driver Distraction, In-Vehicle devices

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0983-5886

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5886-5888, 2012

Authors: Báez, G | De la Vega, E | Castro, C | Elizarraras, R

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The importance of eye care in the industry is a first level topic, due to most of the assembly and manufacturing aimed companies of various products that require direct health care of their employees, specially eye care. The lighting system, the lamp features and job tasks are factors that impact over the visual performance of the worker. Each of these factors, either by themselves or in conjunction, influences the visual performance of the employee, and therefore its safety and efficacy. Some of the reported symptoms are: problem of visual fixation, eye redness, tearing, headache, blurred vision, eyelids heaviness and dry …eyes, [7]. The research was developed with 48 people, 27 male and 21 female, in the range of ages of 17 to 58 years old. In the experiment were used illumination system base on Diode Emitting lights (LED's) of five different colors (White, Blue, Green, Red and Yellow), the reason of use of LED's it is because are source of monochromatic light, also it is also saving power light and low heating dissipation. Show more

Keywords: Visual Fatigue, anomaly detection, light emitting Diodes (LED)

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0984-5889

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5889-5891, 2012

Authors: Pikaar, Ruud N.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The aim of a series of sessions on Company Case Studies, is to learn from practical experiences, to give feed back to researchers on applicability of theories, methods and techniques, and last but not least, to market ergonomics. In order to learn from case material, reports need to be easy accessible and well structured. System ergonomics provides such a structure. Usually a project is not done twice, i.e. with and without ergonomics. Therefore, it is not possible to make comparisons and determine the impact of ergonomics directly. A different approach is needed. It has been suggested at the IEA2006 World …Congress, to compile a database of published case studies, each case to be reported in a fixed report format and critically reviewed to enable generalizing the outcomes. This paper proposes such a format. At the IEA2012 World Congress 40 case studies have been accepted, representing applied ergonomics cases in manufacturing, process industries, aviation and logistic systems. Show more

Keywords: System ergonomics, engineering project, marketing ergonomics, applied ergonomics

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0985-5892

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5892-5898, 2012

Authors: Lenior, O.N.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The challenges put on large baggage systems by airports can be summarized as: handling a high number of bags in a short period of time, in a limited space, with all sorts of disruptions, whilst complying with stringent regulation upon security, sustainability and health and safety. The aim of this company case study is to show in the different project phases - as indicated in the system ergonomic approach - how the human factors specialist can play a major part in tackling these challenges. By describing different projects in terms of scope, organization, human factors topics covered, phases and lessons …learned, the importance of Human-Computer Interaction, automation as well as manual handling and work organization in baggage is addressed. Show more

Keywords: System ergonomics, HF engineering, Human-Computer Interaction, manual handling, work organization

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0986-5899

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5899-5904, 2012

Authors: Monteiro, Tathiana Passeri | Marques, Diego Cesar | Barbosa, Victor Gonçalves | Uatanabe, Priscila

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article is the result of a case study of ergonomic work analysis carried out in a Brazilian airline company, focused on the safety of the activity of Airbus pilots from the company’s national lines. The study was divided in three parts, each one with different approach. First step is how critical situations such as accidents and incidents are dealt with during flight. Then it comes to discuss about adversities found in the working place, the airbus cockpit, and the development of risk map. Last but not least, the study focused in how the irregular working journey compromises the biological …clock of the pilots end may cause social issues. Show more

Keywords: Pilots fight, Civil Aviation, Flight safety, Ergonomic work analysis

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0987-5905

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5905-5911, 2012

Authors: Missar, Vicki J. | Metcalfe, Don | Gilmore, Gail

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The conception of “Patient Safety” being the number one priority at Hospitals can reduce the emphasis on overall employee safety and health. This review examines a hospital’s need to improve 24/7 active (i.e., not reactive) coverage, regulatory compliance, as well as the frequency and severity of employee injury losses. It also discusses a journey to integrate and improve safety and ergonomics to achieve these goals. Three approaches used by the ergonomist to create the transformation included: 1) adoption of the safety and ergonomic hazard identification; 2) safe patient handling; and 3) implementation of a 5S program. The results of the …four (4) year effort at the not for profit, 637 bed, full service, acute-care hospital has shown a steady decline in frequency, reduced waste, and improved housekeeping. Ergonomists can have a key role in transforming Hospital Safety and Ergonomic Programs. Show more

Keywords: Hospital, Safety, Ergonomics, 5S, Program, Patient Handling

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0988-5912

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5912-5916, 2012

Authors: Selis, Kristien | Vanacker, Hilde | Hermans, Veerle | Mylle, Godewina | Devriese, Herman | Kerckhofs, Kris

Article Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0989-5917

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5917-5920, 2012

Article Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-1048-5921

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5921-5923, 2012

Authors: Yagjian, Allen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Sanitary clamp wingnut manipulation is the fifth most frequent cause of injuries in the production areas of the Bayer Healthcare site in Berkeley, California. Task analysis showed that manual manipulation of clamp wingnuts had concurrent multiple risk factors, including: awkward postures, high forces, contact stresses, and high frequency. Task elimination was not an option. Several tools on the market were researched and tried but it was found that no existing tools would alleviate the associated ergonomics risk factors. An interim tool found on the market was used as a short term solution until an optimal design could be manufactured. A …tool was designed, fabricated, and tested in-house at the Bayer machine shop. The tool was originally designed to fit all variations of clamp wingnuts, but then was found to fit too loosely for some. By using a comparison between inventory and cost benefit analysis it was decided to standardize the wingnuts types leaving the two most common types. A final prototype of the tool fit these two types of wingnuts. The efficient methods by which clamps were replaced and how tools were implemented in cleanroom manufacturing areas are described in this paper. This ten month project potentially eliminated all of the ergonomics risk factors associated with clamping. Show more

Keywords: tool design, sanitary clamp, wrist injuries, tool fabrication, case studies

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-1050-5924

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 5924-5930, 2012