Tumor Biology - Volume 45, issue 1 - Journals

Patterns of mutations in nine cancer-related genes and PAF development among smoking male patients diagnosed with bladder cancer

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smoking is one of the most popular risk factors provoking bladder cancer (BC). This research intended to estimate cigarette smoking effect involving PAF signs between smoking patients with BC and non-smoking patients with same diagnosis to define relations with pathological characteristics and their prognosis on zero-relapse and disease-associated recovery. METHODS: Two groups of smokers (n = 54) and non-smokers (n = 62) were selected. Both cohorts of patients had BC. They were evaluated utilizing NGS on 9 cancer-related genes and confirmed through the Sanger DNA sequencing and histopathological tests based on H&E staining. The factor of smoking and impact …of PAF development by ELISA assay and PAF-R manifestation in terms of immunochemical evaluation on BC areas comparing to a control group (n = 30) was examined involving healthy contributors, including the use of well-designed statistical trials. RESULTS: The multivariate evaluation showed considerable rise in mutation patterns related to smoking among BC patients (group 3), increase in PAF development (***P<0.001) and vivid signs of PAF-R contrasted to non-smokers with BC (group 2) and control group (group 1). All the identified biological changes (gains/losses) were recorded at the same locations in both groups. Patients from group 3 held 3-4 various mutations, while patients from group 2 held 1-3 various mutations. Mutations were not identified in 30 respondents from control group. The most repeated mutations were identified in 3 of 9 examined genes, namely TP53, PIK3CA and PTEN, with highest rates of increase in Group 3. Moreover, histopathological tests revealed barely identifiable and abnormal traits in BC tissues, i.e. were without essential histopathological changes between groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: Smoking of cigarettes provokes PAF development due to urothelial inflammation and rise of mutations in 9 cancer-related genes. These are indicative factors of inducing BC. Show more

Keywords: Cigarette smoking, 9 cancer-associated genes, somatic mutations, platelet-activating factor (PAF), bladder cancer patients

DOI: 10.3233/TUB-220032

Citation: Tumor Biology, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2023

Get PDF

Medium and large alleles of the PGC gene are risk factors for gastric cancer

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A 100-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in the pepsinogen C gene has been associated with the risk of gastric cancer (GC). OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the relationships of the 100-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism with GC, atrophic gastritis (AG), and intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the Mexican general population (MGP). METHODS: We studied the genomic DNA of subjects with GC n = 80, AG and IM n = 60, controls n = 110, and the MGP n = 97. PGC gene insertion/deletion polymorphism was identified by means of PCR, capillary electrophoresis and GeneScan software. RESULTS: Different allele sizes of PGC polymorphism were observed …in the studied groups, from 266 bp to 499 bp, which were grouped for the analysis as short alleles of 266–399 bp, medium alleles of 400–433 bp and large alleles of 434–499 bp. Carriers of one or two medium alleles, had an increased risk of GC, with OR of 1.99 (CI95% 1.08–3.67 p = 0.026) compared to homozygotes (no medium/no medium). CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies have related PGC short alleles to risk for or protection against GC depending on the ethnic origin of the population. In our study, medium alleles were related to risk for GC. Further studies are required to establish the importance of this polymorphism in the origin of gastric neoplasia. Show more

Keywords: Gastric cancer, polymorphisms, neoplasia

DOI: 10.3233/TUB-220025

Citation: Tumor Biology, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 15-21, 2023

Get PDF