International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 29, issue 1

Authors: Gao, Yang | Zhao, Bao-Sheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The problem of deducing two-dimensional theory from three-dimensional theory for a soft ferromagnetic elastic isotropic body is investigated. By using the general solution for the soft ferromagnetic elastic solids and Lur'e method, it is shown that the general deformation can be decomposed into two independent parts: the asymmetric deformations (plate problems) and the symmetric part (plane problems). A refined plate theory which takes into account the transverse shear deformation can now be explicitly …established without employing assumptions. The exact equations and solutions for the plate with homogeneous boundary conditions are derived, and the equations can be decomposed into four governing differential equations. Moreover, the approximate equations and solutions for the plate under transverse loadings and magnetic field perturbations are derived directly from the refined plate theory. By omitting higher order terms and coupling effect, the refined plate theory can be degenerated into other well-known elastic and magnetoelastic theoretical models. Show more

Keywords: Rectangular plates, the refined theory, magnetoelastic body, governing equation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-2009-0946

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2009

Authors: Im, Chang-Hwan | Jung, Hyun-Kyo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, inductance of complex coil systems is calculated using 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) with a new flux linkage calculation technique. The proposed technique does not require any integral path if current direction in a coil is determined, because the flux linkage is calculated based on the simple volume integration. Moreover, it can consider inconsistent coil cross-sectional areas. The technique is verified by the application to a manufactured deflection yoke (DY) coil. By the …comparison with an experimental result, it is shown that the proposed technique is accurate and effective in calculating inductance of complex coil systems such as a DY. Show more

Keywords: Current density distribution, deflection yoke, finite element analysis, flux linkage, inductance calculation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-2009-998

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 15-23, 2009

Authors: Zhou, Shu-Ang | Uesaka, Mitsuru

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An analysis is given in the article for the study of ion channel behavior in time-varying fields based on the generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory, in which possible effects of the polarization relaxation and the effects of coupling among ion species, their diffusive fluxes and polarization in the mixture of ions can be evaluated. Analytical expressions for ion currents and voltages of the ion channel across a membrane are derived for the one-dimensional configuration both in time-independent steady …state and in time-varying fields. While the results recover the classical Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz current and voltage equations in the time-independent steady state, it is shown that in time-varying fields, both the ionic current and the displacement current contribute to the total current in the ion channel, which depends not only on the equilibrium susceptibility of the mixture of the ions, but also on the dissipative polarization relaxation as well as the effect of coupling between the polarization and diffusive fluxes of the ions in the mixture. At the linear approximation, dissipative admittances that may characterize effectively the frequency responses of the ion channel in time-harmonic fields are also derived analytically for the one-dimensional case. Show more

Keywords: Electrodiffusion, ion channel, membrane potential, polarization relaxation, dissipative admittance

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-2009-1000

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 25-36, 2009

Authors: Seo, Jang-Ho | Kwak, Sang-Yeop | Chung, Tae Kyung | Jung, Sang-Yong | Jung, Hyun-Kyo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, an improved niching genetic algorithm applying the concept of auto-tuning and detecting traces is proposed for asymmetrical multimodal function optimization. Population size and both (right and left) niche radii of each peak in an asymmetrical objective function can be determined automatically. This method is applied to the numerical examples and the optimal design of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM). Through the comparison between simulation results and experimental ones, the …validity of the proposed method is verified. Show more

Keywords: Auto-tuning concept, detecting trace, niching genetic algorithm, interior permanent magnet machine

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-2009-1002

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 37-45, 2009

Authors: Bian, Yixiang | Qiu, Jinhao | Wang, Xinwei | Ji, Hongli | Zhu, Kongjun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The half coated metal core piezoelectric fiber (HMPF) is one of the new type piezoelectric devices for sensors and actuators. The constitutive equations of cantilevered HMPFs under various mechanical and electrical loading conditions are derived. The equations can describe the behavior of HMPF subjected to an external voltage V on the electrodes, a bending moment M at the free end of the beam, a lateral force F at the tip of the beam and a uniformly …distributed load p on the whole length. The internal energy density of the beam is expressed in mechanical strain and electrical field. The internal energy is calculated by integrating the energy density over the whole volume of the beam. The voltage V, bending moment M, lateral force F, and distributed load p are generalized force acting on the fiber and their corresponding generalized displacement are the charge Q on the electrodes, the tip angle α, the tip deflection δ, the areal displacement A of the fiber. The constitutive equations give the dependence of the generalized displacements upon generalized forces. The equations are given in the direct form, with external parameters (M, V), (F, V), and (p, V) as independent variables and also in a linear combination with (M, F, p, V) as variables. The constitutive equations derived in this paper can be used for further analysis of HMPF sensors and actuators. Two experiments, in which a HMPF was used as a sensor or an actuator, were performed to verify the constitutive equations. The experimental results are compared with the numerical results. Show more

Keywords: Piezoelectric fiber, metal core, half coated, constitutive equation, sensor and actuator

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-2009-1005

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 47-64, 2009