Biorheology - Volume 11, issue 6

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11601

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 393-396, 1974

Authors: Dintenfass, Leopold

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Blood viscosity of 125 healthy men in the age group of 45–55 yr was studied by means of the rhombospheroid viscometer on EDTA blood at 37°C. These data are compared with the 1966 results of Dintenfass, Julian and Miller (Am. Heart J. 71 (1966), 687) and results of Dintenfass (Circ. Res. 11 (1962), 233) obtained by means of the cone-in-cone viscometer on freshly shed not anticoagulated blood; and with the data of Copley (Biorheology 10 (1973), 87) and Copley and King (Biorheology 10 (1973), 17) (and also of Merrill (J. appl. Physiol. …18 (1963), 255). All these data superimpose at shear rates above 0.4 sec−1 . At medium and low shear rates the rhombospheroid data present a better fit with the Copley and King (Biorheology 10 (1973), 17) data than the early results obtained by means of the cone-in-cone viscometer. At high shear rates results obtained by GDM, cone-in-cone (Dintenfass, Julian and Miller, Am. Heart J. 71 (1966), 687), rhombospheroid and Weissenberg viscometers are nearly identical. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11602

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 397-403, 1974

Authors: Stasiw, D.M. | Toth, A. | Cerny, L.C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Viscosity data are presented for several dextran fractions and compared with similar data on three blends of these fractions. A computer simulation is then used to compare the expected behavior of these fractions during enzymatic degradation and renal elimination. The possible clinical application of this approach is noted.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11603

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 405-416, 1974

Authors: Mitchell-Heggs, P. | Palfrey, A.J. | Reid, Lynne

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Elasticity of sputum . Elasticity of sputum has been determined using the Weissenberg rheogoniometer, by oscillatory testing, over frequencies from 0.01 to 0.8 c/s. Sputum was from patients with either asthma, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis and, macroscopically, mucoid, mucopurulent or purulent. As in the viscosity plot over this shear rate range two Zones with a junctional region can be distinguished. In Zone 1, over the lowest shear rates, elasticity increases slowly, changes little over a “plateau” region and then, in Zone 2, increases sharply. In contrast to the viscosity plot, the plateau docs not show notching. …By 0.8 c/s some samples show decreasing elasticity. Although variance between samples is wide, there is no level of elasticity characteristic of each disease or of one macroscopic appearance. Elasticity and viscosity are correlated, most significantly at the lowest shear rates. Asthmatic and bronchiectatic sputa resemble each other in that this correlation is still significant at higher shear rates, cystic fibrosis and chronic bronchitic sputum in that it is not. Since in these last two mucous gland hypertrophy is present, it may be that the sputum has a higher mucus component. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11604

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 417-426, 1974

Authors: Popel, A.S. | Regirer, S.A. | Usick, P.I.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The continuum approach for blood proposed in this paper is based on a model of fluid with couple stresses, The concentration of red blood cells. their spin velocity and deformation rate are treated as additional unknown variables, satisfying the corresponding additional equations, The exact solution of some viscometric flow problems shows that some of the observed rheological anomalies of blood including Fåhraeus–Lindquist and Segré–Silberberg effects as well as a number of other phenomena can be described satisfactorily by the proposed theory.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11605

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 427-437, 1974

Authors: Martin, J.L. | Jacobs, R.M. | Copley, A.L.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A capillary viscometer for the determination of apparent viscosity of whole blood and other blood systems has been designed to operate in a hydrostatic pressure range up to 545.4 × 103 kg/m2 (775lb/in2 , 53 atm). Provision has been made for a wide range of shear rates by varying the flow rate. This special viscometer which requires 10 ml of blood is free from a blood-air interface. No significant changes in viscosity of human whole blood, anticoagulated with heparin, was found at the different hydrostatic pressures employed.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11606

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 439-448, 1974

Authors: Martin, J.L. | Sinusas, R. | Jacobs, R.M. | Copley, A.L.

Article Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11607

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 449-452, 1974

Authors: Shama, F. | Sherman, P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Using a capillary flow technique, an estimate has been made of the lingual pressures associated with oral evaluation of the viscosities of Newtonian liquids. The pressure varies with fluid viscosity and reaches a maximum value of about 3 × 105 dyn cm−2 for the highest viscosity examined. This agrees reasonably well with published maximum values.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11608

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 453-456, 1974

Authors: Matunobu, Y. | Arakawa, M.

Article Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11609

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 457-464, 1974

Authors: Dombrovska, L. | Janson, H. | Slutskiĭ, L. | Neuman, L. | Goldensteĭn, I.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The osteolathyrogenic drug, semicarbazide, administered to adult animals in small doses increases the plasticity of the para -articular tissues at the knee joint in the state of contracture produced by prolonged immobilization. The extensibility of the contracture under the influence of protracted loads increases. The disappearance of the contracture is accelerated, on the average, by a factor of two.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11610

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 465-471, 1974

Authors: Nubar, Yves | Hyman, William A.

Article Type: Letter

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11611

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 473-474, 1974

Authors: Vorob’ev, V.I.

Article Type: Meeting Report

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1974-11612

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 475-475, 1974