Biorheology - Volume 14, issue 4 - Journals

Biorheology - Volume 14, issue 4

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Biorheology is an international interdisciplinary journal that publishes research on the deformation and flow properties of biological systems or materials. It is the aim of the editors and publishers of Biorheology to bring together contributions from those working in various fields of biorheological research from all over the world. A diverse editorial board with broad international representation provides guidance and expertise in wide-ranging applications of rheological methods to biological systems and materials.

The aim of biorheological research is to determine and characterize the dynamics of physiological processes at all levels of organization. Manuscripts should report original theoretical and/or experimental research promoting the scientific and technological advances in a broad field that ranges from the rheology of macromolecules and macromolecular arrays to cell, tissue and organ rheology. In all these areas, the interrelationships of rheological properties of the systems or materials investigated and their structural and functional aspects are stressed.

The scope of papers solicited by Biorheology extends to systems at different levels of organization that have never been studied before, or, if studied previously, have either never been analyzed in terms of their rheological properties or have not been studied from the point of view of the rheological matching between their structural and functional properties. This biorheological approach applies in particular to molecular studies where changes of physical properties and conformation are investigated without reference to how the process actually takes place, how the forces generated are matched to the properties of the structures and environment concerned, proper time scales, or what structures or strength of structures are required.

Biorheology invites papers in which such 'molecular biorheological' aspects, whether in animal or plant systems, are examined and discussed. While we emphasize the biorheology of physiological function in organs and systems, the biorheology of disease is of equal interest. Biorheological analyses of pathological processes and their clinical implications are encouraged, including basic clinical research on hemodynamics and hemorheology.

In keeping with the rapidly developing fields of mechanobiology and regenerative medicine, Biorheology aims to include studies of the rheological aspects of these fields by focusing on the dynamics of mechanical stress formation and the response of biological materials at the molecular and cellular level resulting from fluid-solid interactions. With increasing focus on new applications of nanotechnology to biological systems, rheological studies of the behavior of biological materials in therapeutic or diagnostic medical devices operating at the micro and nano scales are most welcome.

Blood viscosity factors in severe nondiabetic and diabetic retinopathy

Authors: Dintenfass, L.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A study of blood viscosity factors (blood and plasma viscosity, aggregation of red cells, temperature coefficient of aggregation of red cells, apparent thrombus viscosity) of 12 diabetic and 19 nondiabetic patients with severe retinopathy indicated that high blood viscosity syndrome is present in majority of these patients, Very significant (P < 0.001 ) differences were found between these two types of retinopathy when linear regressions of some blood viscosity functions were compared; for instance, apparent viscosity of artificial white thrombus vs cell rigidity or blood viscosity; and temperature coefficient of aggregation of red cells vs albumin level. Statistical …analysis implies that there might be a distinctive difference (from the haemorheologic viewpoint) between the diabetic and the nondiabetic retinopathy patients. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14401

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 151-157, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

Statistical synthesis of osmotic fragility curves

Authors: Saari, Jack T.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A mathematical–statistical model is derived whereby one may indirectly generate a frequency distribution of a variable, Y , by (1) defining a relationship between Y and variables, X i , upon which Y depends, (2) randomly generating values in the distributions (assumed normal) of X i and (3) solving for Y via the defining relation for each set of randomly generated X i . The model is used to synthesize red blood cell (RBC) osmotic fragility curves where Y is …the hemolytic concentration and the X i are initial RBC volume, RBC membrane area at hemolysis, osmotically active fraction, pre-lytic K+ leak and membrane tension at hemolysis. Utilizing estimates of the latter five variables from the literature, the theoretical osmotic fragility curves obtained provide an excellent representation of osmotic fragility curves from the literature, as judged by least-squares criteria. Further, when literature values of the most reliably measured variables—initial volume and osmotically active fraction—are used in fitting theoretical to experimental osmotic fragility curves, the model serves to set limits on the three less reliably measured variables which will serve to guide further experimental work. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14402

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 159-165, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

A generalised theory of the shape of sectioned erythrocytes

Authors: Reeves, Margaret | Whitmore, R.L.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A generalised theory is developed of the probability of the occurrence of various geometrical shapes when an axially symmetric body is sectioned. The theory is applied to normal erythrocytes of biconcave discoid shape, and also to cup shaped cells, and good agreement is obtained with the experimental results of Whitmore and Stalker. The effect of cell orientation on the proportion of shapes produced is analysed and by specific examples shown to be of great importance.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14403

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 167-174, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

Piezoelectricity of chitin in lobster shell and apodeme

Authors: Ando, Yutaka | Fukada, Eiichi | Glimcher, Melvin J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The piezoelectric strain-constant of dried lobster shell was found to be 10−9 ∼ 10−8 cgsesu. The piezoelectric strain-constant of demineralized apodeme was found to be as high as 4 × 10−8 cgsesu. The variation with temperature and hydration of the piezoelectric and dielectric constants was determined at 10Hz for demineralized apodeme. The results were interpreted by a two-phase theory for the piezoelectric relaxation. It is suggested that the remodelling of exoskeletons of invertebrates may be related to the piezoelectric activity of chitin.

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14404

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 175-179, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

Length–force and volume–pressure relationships of arteries

Authors: van Loon, Pieter | Klip, Willem | Bradley, E.L.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A technique was developed for the measurement on arterial segments of: 1. Force-length diagrams at different constant internal pressures. 2. Volume-pressure diagrams at different constant lengths of the segments. Empirical formulas, which contain a minimal number of constants and which describe the measured curves with high values for the coefficient of determination, were constructed. The formulas are to be used for the construction of a strain energy function. They were tested on 20 arteries; the constants, appearing in the empirical formulas, are given. The results indicate that in an artery in vivo , neither …length nor longitudinal force undergoes obligatory change because of pressure fluctuations. Consequently, the generally accepted hypothesis that large tethering forces are required to prevent the artery from moving longitudinally as a result of the passing arterial pulse wave does not appear necessary. Force-length diagrams at different constant internal pressures. Volume-pressure diagrams at different constant lengths of the segments. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14405

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 181-201, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

British Microcirculation Society

Article Type: Abstract

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14406

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 203-211, 1977

Price: EUR 27.50

Announcement

Authors: Sherman, P.

Article Type: Announcement

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1977-14407

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 213-213, 1977

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