Journal of Cellular Biotechnology - Volume 6, issue 2

Authors: Alsulami, Ebtesam | Alokail, Majed | Alghamedi, Amani | Alamro, Abir | Haq, Samina

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In addition to calcium and phosphate homeostasis in peripheral tissues; vitamin D performs a neuroprotection role in the nervous system. The neuroprotective actions of vitamin D include: increasing vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, control glutathione synthesis and nitric oxide synthase activity and induce neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF). VDR mediates cellular actions, and biological responses of the vitamin D. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of VDR and NGF expression levels by vitamin D3 treatment in induced oxidative stress in primary cortical neuronal cultures. METHOD: Primary neuronal cultures were set up from the …cortex region of neonatal rat’s brain. They were cultured for up to 72 h in the presence of 0.25μ g/ml vitamin D3 . These cells were exposed to 0.5 mM H2 O2 for two hours before collecting cell pellet and medium for biochemical assays. Control and H2 O2 treated cells were cultured in the absence of vitamin D3 treatment. Sandwich ELISA was used to study NGF expression. Western blotting and immunofluorescence of cultured cells were used to estimate the expression of VDR. RESULTS: Vitamin D3 treatment increased more significantly (P  < 0.001) NGF levels with and without induced oxidative stress. Protein expression studies confirmed the positive correlation between VDR expression and vitamin D3 treatment after 72 h in culture. Moreover, pre-treating the cells with vitamin D3 before H2 O2 exposure significantly increase (P  < 0.05) VDR expression in comparison with the cells exposed to H2 O2 alone. CONCLUSION: The neuroprotective effect of vitamin D3 against oxidative stress could be through up-regulating VDR and NGF levels. Show more

Keywords: VDR, Vitamin D3 , NGF, IF, primary cortical cells

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-200020

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 81-90, 2020

Authors: Krüger-Genge, Anne | Bohrisch, Jörg | Mauger, Olivia | Westphal, Sophia | Klöpzig, Stefanie | Müller, Werner | Storsberg, Joachim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Within the last years the investigation of cellulosic materials got into the focus of biomaterial research due to biocompatibility, sustainability, ubiquitous deposits and the potential of simple modification. Thereby this material is an ideal candidate to tailor material properties as charge, swelling, hydrophilicity and elasticity to clinical demands. OBJECTIVE: In this study a cellulose-based material was functionalized using plasma and gas (O2 , N2 , silane). METHODS: The effect of material modification on two cell lines using different animal species was investigated using indirect and direct cytotoxicity analysis. The following parameters were investigated: number of …adherent cells, cell viability, metabolic activity, cell membrane integrity and morphology. RESULTS: Pristine and functionalized material eluates did not harm L929 cells and could be classified as non-cytotoxic according to DIN-EN-ISO 10993. A direct seeding of CHO-cells onto material surfaces showed a similar result. None of the conducted modifications had a negative effect on CHO-cells. Interestingly, parameters investigated during the study were positively influenced after material functionalization. In special, the treatment of cellulose with silane improved cell viability, metabolic activity, cellular adherence and cell membrane integrity significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Within this study the potential of cellulose-based material functionalization with tailorable effects on different cell lines was proven. This indicates that all investigated medical grade sponge materials are promising polymers for applications in clinical routine. Show more

Keywords: Cellulose, cytotoxicity analysis, L929 cells, CHO-cells, material modification, plasma

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-200022

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 91-103, 2020

Authors: Solouki, Nona | Mohammadi-Gollou, Ali | Sagha, Mohsen | Mohammadzadeh-Vardin, Mohammad

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of Origanum vulgare extract as a plant with high anti-oxidant components on the induction of cell death in the Molt-4 cell line. BACKGROUND: Acute lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by the accumulation of a large number of lymphoblastic cells with high oxidant levels. METHODS: MTT assay was performed to determine the effect of O.vulgare extract on Molt-4 cells viability and the amount of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. Changes in the expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes as involved in apoptosis and Nrf2 …gene as a transcription factor of anti-oxidant genes in O.vulgare extract-treated Molt-4 cells were measured with Real-Time PCR. Treated Molt-4 cells were used to determine the stages of early and late apoptosis, and necrosis using acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining. RESULTS: The results suggest survival inhibition and induction of apoptosis in Molt-4 cells treated with O.vulgare extract. Against Bax and Nrf2 genes expression, the expression of Bcl-2 gene has been reduced in Molt-4 cells following1/5 IC50 concentration of O. vulgare extract treatment. CONCLUSION: Given the oxidant drugs used in ALL treatment, and increased levels of oxidative stress in leukemic cells, induction of apoptosis by an anti-oxidant plant extract seems to be a promising way in leukemia treatment. Show more

Keywords: Apoptosis induction, BAX, Bcl-2, Molt-4 cell line, Origanum vulgare

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-200026

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 105-112, 2020

Authors: Lee, Hoyoon | Na, Wonhwi | Shin, Sehyun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A liquid biopsy is a simple and non-invasive biopsy that examines a range of information about a tumor through a simple blood sample. Due to its non-invasive nature, liquid biopsy has many outstanding clinical benefits, including repetitive sampling and examination, representation of whole mutations, observation of minimal residual disease etc. However, liquid biopsy requires various processes such as sample preparation, amplification, and target detection. These processes can be integrated onto microfluidic platforms, which may provide a sample-to-answer system. The present review provides a brief overview of liquid biopsies, a detailed review of the technologies in each process, and prospective concluding …remarks. Through this review, one can have a basic but cross-disciplinary understanding of liquid biopsy, as well as knowledge of new starting points for future research in each related area. Show more

Keywords: Liquid biopsy, microfluidic, extraction, amplification, detection

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-200027

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 113-137, 2020

Authors: Rahman, Ateeq | Nyambe, Moola M. | Küpper, Jan-Heiner

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The use of indigenous or remote popular knowledge to identify new drugs against diseases or infections is a well-known approach in medicine. The inhabitants of coastal regions in Namibia and other African countries are known to prepare algae extracts for the treatment of disorders and ailments such as wounds, fever and stomach aches, as well as for the prevention of arrhythmia, cancer, and many other diseases. Algae survive in a competitive environment and, therefore, developed defense strategies that have resulted in a significant level of chemical structural diversity in various metabolic pathways. The exploration of these organisms for pharmaceutical, nutritional …and medical purposes has provided important chemical candidates for the discovery of new agents against neglected tropical diseases and stimulated the use of sophisticated physical techniques. This current review provides a broad picture on the taxonomy, various medical and nutritional uses of algae, which thus should be of relevance for the African continent and underdeveloped countries in the Global South. Show more

Keywords: Anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antimalarial activity, antioxidant activity, algae, cyanobacteria, microalgae

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-209010

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 139-159, 2020

Authors: Aali, Maral | Caldwell, Alexa | Li, Audrey | Holbein, Bruce | Chappe, Valerie | Lehmann, Christian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Iron chelators have been utilized clinically to treat patients with iron overload conditions. There is a growing body of evidence linking iron dysregulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction as underlying factors in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) disease. The chronic inflammation can lead to progressive airway destruction. Alleviation of this chronic inflammation is a potential target for CF treatment and thus, this research investigated the dose-response effects of DIBI, a novel iron chelator, on inflammation in CF nasal epithelial cells. Polarized CF cells were stimulated with, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), co-treated with DIBI (LPS+DIBI), or DIBI alone (DIBI). We demonstrated that DIBI modulated …the release of IL-6 and IL-8 in CF cells in a dose-dependent manner. Reduction of extracellular iron with the lower doses of DIBI (25 and 50μ M), increased IL-6 secretion in non-induced cells. LPS challenge increased IL-6 and IL-8 secretion which was suppressed by high dose (200μ M) DIBI administration. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of iron chelation therapy to treat the dysregulation of the immune response in CF patients. Show more

Keywords: Inflammation, epithelial cells, Cystic Fibrosis, iron, iron chelation

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-209011

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 161-170, 2020