Prevalence, pattern, magnitude and associated factors of trauma in the Emergency Department at Health Institutes in Ethiopia: A systematic review

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera^{a; b; c; *} | Mosadeghrad, Ali Mohammad^d | Sari, Ali Akbari^c | Tafesse, Tadesse Bekele^e | Kahsay, Woldegebriel Gebreegziabher^f

Affiliations: [a] Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [b] Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia | [c] Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [d] Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Health Information Management Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [e] School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia | [f] Departement of Midwifery, College Medicine of Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Addis Adera Gebru, Lecturer at Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia. Tel.: +25 198 483 1393; E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Trauma is one of the important public health problems that causes significant economic and social crisis with more than 10% of all disease cases are associated with it. We aimed to identify and describe the prevalence, patterns, magnitude and associated factors of trauma in the Emergency Department at Health Institute in Ethiopia. METHODS: In this systematic review, we searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature publications reporting the prevalence, pattern, magnitude and associated factors of trauma between 2000 and 2019. The documents which recruited are directly related to trauma and emergency department. In this regard, we searched databases of PubMed, Elsevier, Science directed, MEDLINE, and Google scholar by using Google as searching engine. Furthermore, publication with secondary data and not in English was excluded. FINDINGS: A total of 9,768 injured participants were included in the studies, of which 71.2% (6950) were males. Among the injured participants, 53.4% of cases were living in Addis Ababa followed by Gondar and Jimma with 20.3% and 11.3% cases, respectively. Severe road traffic accident, occupational injury, and surgical patients were among the major risk factors of trauma. The mortality rate of the trauma case fatality was reached about 4%. The majority of the studies (37.5%) analyzed the pattern and magnitude of trauma among patients seen at emergency outpatient department of health institutes in Ethiopia. The largest percentage of studies (62.5%) relied on systematic random sampling. Thirty eight percent of the reviewed studies were utilized retrospective approaches to address the research questions. An completed the registry forms and/or Kampla Trauma Score (KTS), which accounted for 37.5% of articles on prevalence, pattern, magnitude and associated factors of trauma in the emergency was the most commonly used strategy. The majority (75%) of the reviewed studies were used both descriptive statistics and bivarate and multivariate logistic regression for data analysis. The majority 6950 (71%) of the participants who have been included in those reviewed articles were male and 2818 (29%) were female by gender. Meanwhile, the majority 5 (62.5%) of reviewed studies had included < 1000 injured persons. CONCLUSION: The degree and types of injuries in different hospitals in Ethiopia was considerably high and its casualty is also under predictable. Therefore, a variety of actions including policy decision should be implemented in order to minimize the incidence of trauma at department of emergency care center in the country.

Keywords: Prevalence, pattern, magnitude, trauma, emergency department, health institutes, Ethiopia

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-190363

Journal: Human Antibodies, vol. 27, no. S1, pp. 1-10, 2019