Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 45, issue 5

Authors: Malavath, Pallavi | Devarakonda, Nagaraju

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A crucial component of human-computer interaction is 3D hand posture assessment. The most recent advancements in computer vision have made estimating 3D hand positions simpler by using deep sensors. The main challenge still stems from unrealistic 3D hand poses because the existing models only use the training dataset to learn the kinematic rules, which is ambiguous, and it is a difficult task to estimate realistic 3D hand poses from datasets because they are not free from anatomical errors. The suggested model in this study is trained using a closed-form expression that encodes the biomechanical rules, thus it does not entirely …reliant on the pictures from the annotated dataset. This work also used a Single Shot Detection and Correction convolutional neural network (SSDC-CNN) to handle the issues in imposing anatomically correctness from the architecture level. The ResNetPlus is implemented to improve representation capability with enhanced the efficiency of error back-propagation of the network. The datasets of the Yoga Mudras, like HANDS2017, and MSRA have been used to train and test the future model. As observed from the ground truth the previous hand models have many anatomical errors but, the proposed hand model is anatomically error free hand model compared to previous hand models. By considering the ground truth hand pose, the recommended hand model has shown good accuracy when compared to the state-of-art hand models. Show more

Keywords: Biomechanical constraints, Anatomical correction, single-shot detection and correction CNN, 3-Dimensional hand pose estimation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231779

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8263-8277, 2023

Authors: Chen, Dongning | Liu, Jitao | Yao, Chengyu | Ma, Lei | Wang, Kuantong | Zhou, Ziyu | Wu, Xuefei | Chen, Yanan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The lack of effective failure correlation analysis is one main reason for the gap between the reliability models and the actual complex systems with mixed static and dynamic characteristics. Takagi and Sugeno (T-S) dynamic fault tree is one powerful tool to analyze the static and dynamic failure logic relationship but it assumes the failure probability of the event is independent. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional T-S dynamic fault tree analysis method involving failure correlation. The method integrates the failure probability distribution function of basic events with multi-factors and the multi-dimensional copula function, and the important measure of this method …is also deduced. The reliability model expression for systems with failure correlations, both in series and in parallel, is discussed and verified. Compare the proposed method with the assumption that the probability of a failure event is independent. This method solves the problem of a large error when ignoring the failure correlation between parts and the degree of the correlation between variables can be characterized. The reliability analysis can be conducted on complex systems affected both by multi-factors and failure correlations. The proposed method is applied to the reliability analysis of a hydraulic height adjustment system and the correctness and superiority of the method are verified. Show more

Keywords: Multi-dimensional T-S dynamic fault tree, copula function, failure correlation, importance measure, reliability analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231939

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8279-8296, 2023

Authors: Min, Qu | Zhaoxian, Ren | Jiang, Wu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To inherit and promote the excellent design characteristics of Chinese-style furniture, this study focuses on Chinese-style stools and proposes an integrated design and evaluation approach with combination of shape grammar, KANO model, and entropy-weighted VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) methods. Firstly, based on the initial forms of five Chinese-style stools, a shape feature library is constructed by extracting shape features using regional cultural symbols. Secondly, combining shape grammar and inference rules, innovative design alternatives are generated for Chinese-style stools, incorporating regional cultural symbol features. Thirdly, an in-depth investigation of Chinese-style furniture market is conducted, and user requirements are analyzed using KANO …model questionnaire, categorizing the requirements into three attributes: appearance, technological, and economic. Based on KANO model’s classification of user requirements, a set of 14 evaluation criteria for Chinese-style stools is established. Finally, to avoid subjective factors in weighting the criteria, the entropy-weighted method is applied, and VIKOR method is utilized to obtain the optimal ranking of the design alternatives for Chinese-style stools, ultimately selecting the optimal alternative. The results show that based on VIKOR method, the optimal solution is the same with comparison to the results obtained from Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), preference ranking organization methods for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) and elimination and et choice translating reality (ELECTRE) methods. In addition, to verify its ergonomic characteristics, feasibility and rationality, the optimal alternative is simulated by JACK software. By integrating shape grammar, KANO model, and the entropy-weighted VIKOR method, this study provides some insights for incorporating regional cultural symbols into the design of Chinese-style furniture and exhibits certain advantages in terms of comprehensive evaluation, user orientation, decision objectivity, and consideration of diversity. Show more

Keywords: Shape grammar, KANO model, entropy weight-VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje method (VIKOR) method, Chinese-style Stools(CSS)

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232580

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8297-8316, 2023

Authors: Gu, Xinxin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In modern social APP interface design, how to effectively improve the corporate image and create the connotation of corporate culture is a significant key problem. With the emergence of APP, a growing number of people use them, increasing communication energy usage and slowing network operation. To improve app compatibility and speed, it is necessary to combine it with the most advanced and dependable technology, such as ZigBee, which is regarded as the best solution for wireless sensor networks. The ZigBee protocol is primarily used to incorporate working and data transmission in wireless sensor networks that are based on ZigBee technology. …As a result, incorporating ZigBee technology into APP interface design in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain can significantly improve brand APP interface design’s network operation efficiency. This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the performance and corporate image of brand mobile applications (APPs) by integrating ZigBee technology. The primary objective is to improve the operating efficiency and user experience of the brand APPs. The study involves a comparison between 10 brand APPs that have not integrated ZigBee technology and 10 brand APPs that have adopted ZigBee technology. The experimental results indicate that the operating efficiency of the brand APPs incorporating ZigBee technology is 97%, while the efficiency of the brand APPs without ZigBee technology is 85%, resulting in a notable difference of 12%. To assess the effectiveness of ZigBee technology integration, the study conducted experiments with 100 users, randomly assigned to interact with both types of brand APPs. The user feedback and observations revealed that brand APPs integrated with ZigBee technology exhibit significantly higher operating efficiency, contributing to a 12% improvement over their counterparts lacking ZigBee integration. Moreover, 90 out of 100 users reported a preference for the brand APPs integrated with ZigBee technology due to their superior user experience. The integration of ZigBee technology in brand APPs not only enhances the user experience but also contributes to the improvement of the company’s corporate image. Adopting ZigBee technology in brand APPs is a valuable strategy that can facilitate the long-term development and success of the company. Show more

Keywords: APP interface, ZigBee technology, Internet of Things, Clustering Algorithm, LEACH algorithm, Internet

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233343

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8317-8333, 2023

Authors: Senthil Kumar, K. | Anandamurugan, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Cloud computing has become a crucial paradigm for large-scale data-intensive applications, but it also brings challenges like energy consumption, execution time, heat, and operational costs. Improving workflow scheduling in cloud environments can address these issues and optimize resource utilization, leading to significant ecological and financial benefits. As data centres and networks continue to expand globally, efficient scheduling becomes even more critical for achieving better performance and sustainability in cloud computing. Schedulers mindful of energy and deadlines will assign resources to jobs in a way that consumes the least energy while upholding the task’s quality standards. Because this scheduling involves a …Non-deterministic Polynomial (NP)-hard problem, the schedulers are able to minimize complexity by utilizing metaheuristic techniques. This work has developed methods like Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimizing the scheduler. Local search and exploration are respectably supported by heuristic algorithms. The algorithm’s exploration and exploitation features must also be balanced. The primary objective is to optimize computation-intensive workflows in a way that minimizes both energy consumption and execution time while maximizing throughput. This optimization should be achieved without compromising the Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee provided to users. The focus is on striking a balance between energy efficiency and performance to enhance the overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness of cloud computing environments. According to the simulation findings, the suggested ABC has a higher guarantee ratio for 5000 jobs when compared to the GA, PSO, GA with the longest processing time, and GA with the lowest processing time, by 7.14 percent, 4.7 percent, 3.5 percent, and 2.3 percent, respectively. It is observed that the proposed ABC possesses qualities like high flexibility, great robustness, and quick convergence leading to good performance. Show more

Keywords: Cloud computing, virtualization, scheduler, Virtual Machines (VMs), resource management

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-234776

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8335-8348, 2023

Authors: Wang, Chuncha

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The hardness properties of constructional materials should be investigated as important factors in assessing the performance over the operation period. Two tests are performed to determine the stiffness characteristic, including slump and compressive strength (CS). They must be considered to examine efficiency, durability, and resistance to pressure. Due to the structure’s susceptibility and usage in dams, bridges, etc., high-performance concrete must have an appropriate set of these tests. There are two soft-based and laboratory methods for performing these tests. The laboratory method is not economical in terms of cost and time, and artificial intelligence (AI) is used to reduce the …aforementioned factors. Models and optimizers use software-based methods to help reduce errors and increase model accuracy. So, The main purpose of this research has been introducing novel ways of coupling an ensemble model with optimizers by adjusting some internal parameters. In this article, two models, the Radial Basis Function Neural network and Support Vector Regression were combined and coupled with General Normal Distribution Optimization (GNDO) and Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA) into the two frameworks of SVRRBF-AOA and SVRRBF-GNDO. As a result, the hybrid model of SVRRBF-AOA could perform well by obtaining R2 and RMSE of 0.9915 and 2.71 for the slump and 0.9845 and 3.34 for CS, respectively. Show more

Keywords: High-performance concrete, slump, compressive strength, support vector regression, Radial basis function, generalized normal distribution optimization, archimedes optimization algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232114

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8349-8364, 2023

Authors: Tao, Nana | Hua, Yang | Ding, Chunxiao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It is generally considered that attractivity is a concept that describes the overall characteristics of a system. This paper aims to study Pth moment attractivity for one order uncertain differential systems. According to the theory of uncertain differential systems, the concept of Pth moment attractivity is given. Moreover, the Pth moment attractivity of a class of nonlinear uncertain differential systems is studied and the judgment conditions of linear uncertain differential systems are derived.

Keywords: Pth moment, attractivity, uncertain differential systems, concept, judgment conditions

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232233

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8365-8370, 2023

Authors: Yu, Shujuan | Wu, Mengjie | Zhang, Yun | Xie, Na | Huang, Liya

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Reading Comprehension models have achieved superhuman performance on mainstream public datasets. However, many studies have shown that the models are likely to take advantage of biases in the datasets, which makes it difficult to efficiently reasoning when generalizing to out-of-distribution datasets with non-directional bias, resulting in serious accuracy loss. Therefore, this paper proposes a pre-trained language model based de-biasing framework with positional generalization and hierarchical combination. In this work, generalized positional embedding is proposed to replace the original word embedding to initially weaken the over-dependence of the model on answer distribution information. Secondly, in order to make up for the …influence of regularization randomness on training stability, KL divergence term is introduced into the loss function to constrain the distribution difference between the two sub models. Finally, a hierarchical combination method is used to obtain classification outputs that fuse text features from different encoding layers, so as to comprehensively consider the semantic features at the multidimensional level. Experimental results show that PLM-PGHC helps learn a more robust QA model and effectively restores the F1 value on the biased distribution from 37.51% to 81.78%. Show more

Keywords: Natural language processing, machine reading comprehension, pre-trained language model, de-biasing framework

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233029

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8371-8382, 2023

Authors: Dong, Hao | Ali, Zeeshan | Mahmood, Tahir | Liu, Peide

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Algebraic and Einstein are two different types of norms which are the special cases of the Hamacher norm. These norms are used for evaluating or constructing three different types of aggregation operators, such as averaging/geometric, Einstein averaging/geometric, and Hamacher averaging/geometric aggregation operators. Moreover, complex Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy (CA-IF) information is a very famous and dominant technique or tool which is used for depicting unreliable and awkward information. In this manuscript, we present the Hamacher operational laws for CA-IF values. Furthermore, we derive the power aggregation operators (PAOs) for CA-IF values, called CA-IF power Hamacher averaging (CA-IFPHA), CA-IF power Hamacher ordered …averaging (CA-IFPHOA), CA-IF power Hamacher geometric (CA-IFPHG), and CA-IF power Hamacher ordered geometric (CA-IFPHOG) operators. Some dominant and valuable properties are also stated. Moreover, the multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods are developed based on the invented operators for CA-IF information and the detailed decision steps are given. Many prevailing operators are selected as special cases of the invented theory. Finally, the derived technique will offer many choices to the expert to evaluate the best alternatives during comparative analysis. Show more

Keywords: Complex intuitionistic fuzzy sets, power aggregation operators, decision-making problems, hamacher t-norm and t-conorm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230323

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8383-8403, 2023

Authors: Wang, Yubiao | Wen, Junhao | Zhou, Wei | Tao, Bamei | Wu, Quanwang | Fu, Chunlei | Li, Heng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the development of the Internet and the informatization construction of universities, the massive data accumulated by “campus big data” presents problems such as discreteness and sparseness. Students with abnormal behaviors have become an urgent problem to be solved in student behavior analysis. This paper proposes an early warning method for abnormal behaviour of college students based on multimodal fusion and an improved decision tree (EWMABCS-MFIDT). First, given the insufficient representation of student behavioral portraits and the problems of timeliness and dynamics in behavioral labels, a student behavioral portrait based on the multimodal fusion method is proposed. Second, aiming at …the timeliness and backwardness of abnormal behavior prediction, based on student behavior classification prediction, this paper proposes an improved decision tree-based early warning method for abnormal student behavior. Finally, we design a student behavior analysis and early warning framework under the campus big data environment. Taking the abnormal early warning of students’ academic performance as an example, compared with other early warning algorithms, the EWMABCS-MFIDT method can improve the accuracy of early warning and make students’ educational work more targeted, personalized, and predictive. Show more

Keywords: Education big data, student behavior portrait, multimodal fusion, abnormal behavior early warning, improved decision tree

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231509

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8405-8427, 2023

Authors: Xiao, Huimin | Yang, Peng | Gao, Xiaosong | Wei, Meng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study addresses the inadequacy of the current quantitative calculation method for decision-maker credibility in hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making, where credibility is considered. To overcome this limitation, a novel quantitative calculation method for decision-maker credibility is proposed based on the principles of basic uncertainty information theory under a hesitant fuzzy environment. Furthermore, a credible-based hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision model is developed. Initially, the paper introduces the concept of a basic uncertainty hesitant fuzzy set by combining basic uncertainty information theory with hesitant fuzzy set theory, thereby enhancing the understanding of basic uncertainty information theory within the realm of non-interval fuzzy …information. Building on this foundation, the method for determining the hesitant degree of each element in the basic uncertainty hesitant fuzzy set is provided, followed by the proposed quantitative calculation method for decision-maker’s credibility under the hesitant fuzzy environment, which addresses the lack of a quantitative approach for assessing expert credibility under such circumstances. Subsequently, an attribute weight assignment method is introduced, considering the decision-maker’s credibility, leading to the formulation of a basic uncertainty hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision model based on credibility. This model enhances existing hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making methods that take credibility into account. To validate the proposed approach, the study applies it to the selection of new energy vehicle battery suppliers. The results of the analysis using actual data and sensitivity analysis demonstrate that decision-maker credibility can be quantitatively determined using the proposed method. Additionally, the basic uncertainty hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making model based on credibility effectively aids in supplier selection. The feasibility and stability of this method are verified through the examination of risk appetite coefficient and hesitancy coefficient. Show more

Keywords: Hesitant fuzzy set, basic uncertain information, basic uncertain information hesitant fuzzy sets, credibility, hesitance degree

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232820

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8429-8440, 2023

Authors: Wang, Yuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Recent years, research on automatic music transcription has made significant progress as deep learning techniques have been validated to demonstrate strong performance in complex data applications. Although the existing work is exciting, they all rely on specific domain knowledge to enable the design of model architectures and training modes for different tasks. At the same time, the noise generated in the process of automatic music transcription data collection cannot be ignored, which makes the existing work unsatisfactory. To address the issues highlighted above, we propose an end-to-end framework based on Transformer. Through the encoder-decoder structure, we realize the direct conversion …of the spectrogram of the collected piano audio to MIDI output. Further, to remove the impression of environmental noise on transcription quality, we design a training mechanism mixed with white noise to improve the robustness of our proposed model. Our experiments on the classic piano transcription datasets show that the proposed method can greatly improve the quality of automatic music transcription. Show more

Keywords: Music automatic transcription, transformer, piano, deep learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233653

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8441-8448, 2023

Authors: Sultanuddin, S.J. | Sudhee, Devulapalli | Prakash Satve, Priyanka | Sumithra, M. | Sathyanarayana, K.B. | Kumari, R. Krishna | Narasimharao, Jonnadula | Reddy, R. Vijaya Kumar | Rajkumar, R.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Following the Covid-19 pandemic, the rapid spread of online education and tests demanded the implementation of cheating detection tools to ensure academic integrity. While advances in technology such as face recognition, face expression recognition, head posture analysis, eye gaze tracking, network data traffic analysis, and IP spoofing detection have shown promising results in detecting fraudulent behavior, their integration raises ethical concerns that must be carefully considered. This work presents a cognitive computing strategy for investigating the ethical implications of using cheating detection systems in online tests. This study attempts to examine the potential impact on students’ privacy, fairness, and trust …in the examination process by employing cognitive computing, which models human cognitive capacities. A thorough literature review is used in the process to uncover existing ethical norms and regulatory frameworks linked to online assessments and cheating detection. Soft computing approaches are also used to evaluate the effectiveness and dependability of the aforementioned cheating detection strategies. The study looks into how far facial recognition and expression analysis can go in terms of privacy, as well as the possibility of bias in head posture analysis and eye gaze tracking algorithms. Furthermore, it investigates the ethical implications of monitoring network data traffic and detecting IP spoofing, with a focus on data security and user permission. The cognitive computing model, based on the analysis, presents a comprehensive framework for ethical decision-making when installing cheating detection technologies. The findings of this study contribute to the continuing discussion about the ethical concerns of using modern technologies to identify cheating in online exams. It provides educational institutions and policymakers with practical ideas for striking a balance between academic integrity and protecting students’ rights and dignity. By emphasizing ethical issues, this study aims to ensure that the implementation of cheating detection systems adheres to values of fairness, transparency, and privacy protection, promoting a trusting and supportive online learning environment for all parties involved. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-235066

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8449-8463, 2023

Authors: Chellam, S. | Kuruseelan, S. | Pravin Rose, T. | Jasmine Gnana Malar, A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Congestion of the power system is the most common challenge an Independent System Operator (ISO) faces in restructured electricity markets. It affects the efficiency of the market when transmission lines are congested causing transmission costs to rise. To prevent transmission line congestion, ISO needs to take the necessary steps. To solve these issues, this paper introduces a new method namely the Adaptive Red Fox Optimization algorithm (ARFOA) to compute the congestion cost considering the power losses in the transmission line system. Initially, all the generators in the system are selected to reschedule real power outputs. Second, by establishing a proposed …optimization issue, ARFOA is employed to control transmission line congestion. The implementation of the proposed method is evaluated on the IEEE 30 bus system. The algorithm’s adaptability is tested using several case studies involving the base case and line outages, also compared with the other existing techniques such as PSO, ASO, and GSO approaches. The simulation outcomes indicate that the proposed strategy outperforms existing techniques in terms of congestion cost, power loss, generation rescheduled power, and computational time. Show more

Keywords: Restructured power systems, congestion management, generator rescheduling, Adaptive Red Fox Optimization algorithm, optimal power flow

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-224559

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8465-8477, 2023

Authors: Xu, Tiefeng | Wang, Tao | Jiang, Xianwei | Liu, Gensheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the initial construction process of smart grid dispatching control system in power grid dispatching control center, because different subsystems are in decentralized development, independent operation and independent management, it is easy to reduce data interconnection, which leads to difficulties in data sharing and restricts the information level of the system. The data is multi-source, and the data format is inconsistent, resulting in the application problems that the data can not be shared, accessed, managed, analyzed and mined in real time among different subsystems. In order to solve the problems of data sharing and mining, this paper constructs a knowledge …map entity extraction model to study the power grid fault events. Based on the knowledge map theory, the structured and unstructured data related to power grid dispatching are processed to improve the application efficiency of data. Cleaning the preprocessed data to obtain the corresponding entity value and attribute value. The knowledge extraction model of power grid fault event reasoning knowledge mapping is constructed, and the power grid fault event reasoning knowledge edge mapping system is designed to extract the relationship between events and complete data storage. The experimental results show that the text prediction degree of the proposed model is high, which can reach more than 95; The accuracy is 96.71%, the recall rate is 94.88%, and the F1 value is 9.27%. This proves the feasibility of this study, in order to provide data and theoretical support for intelligent management and real-time dispatching of power grid. Show more

Keywords: Power grid fault, event reasoning, knowledge map, data extraction, data mining

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232370

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8479-8488, 2023

Authors: Anuradha, P. | Navitha, Ch. | Renuka, G. | Jithender Reddy, M. | Rajkumar, K.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Nowadays, WSN-IoT may be used to remotely and in real-time monitor patients’ vital signs, enabling medical practitioners to follow their status and deliver prompt treatments. This equipment can evaluate the gathered data on-site thanks to the integration of edge computing, enabling quicker diagnostic and medical options with the need for massive data transmission to a centralized server. Making the most of the resources accessible without sacrificing monitoring efficiency is critical due to the constrained lifespan and resource availability that these intelligent devices still encounter. To make the most of the assets at hand and achieve excellent categorization performance, intelligence must …be applied through a learning model. Making the most of the resources that are available without sacrificing performance monitoring is essential given the restricted lifespan and resource availability that these intelligent devices still suffer. A learning model must incorporate intelligence in order to maximize the utilization of resources while maintaining excellent classification performance. In this study, a unique Harris Hawks Optimized Long Short-Term Memory (HHO-LSTM) that categorizes Electrocardiogram (ECG) data without compromising optimum utilization of resources is proposed for Edge enabled WSN devices. We will train the model to correctly categorize various kinds of ECG readings by employing cutting-edge techniques and neural networks. Significant testing is carried out on fifty individuals utilizing real-time test chips with integrated controllers coupled to ECG sensors and NVIDIA Jetson Nano Boards as edge computing devices. To show the benefits of the suggested model, performance comparisons with various deep-learning techniques for peripheral equipment are conducted. Experiments show that in terms of classification results (98% accuracy) and processing expenses, the suggested model, which is based on Edge-enabled WSN devices, beat existing state-of-the-art learning algorithms. The ability of this technology to help medical personnel diagnose a range of heart issues would eventually enhance customer management. Show more

Keywords: WSN, IoT, edge computing, Harris Hawks Optimization, gated recurrent neural networks, electrocardiograms

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233442

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8489-8501, 2023

Authors: Lakshmi, H. | Queen, M.P. Flower

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Demand side management (DSM) is a smart grid technology that enables consumers to make decisions about their energy use, lowers energy suppliers’ peak hour demand, and changes the load profile. Demand Side Management (DSM) is regarded as the most significant method used in a Smart Grid (SG), as it helps consumers produce accurate information about their electrical energy usage and assists the utility in reducing peak load demand and reshaping the demand curve. By effectively utilising storage with Renewable Energy Systems (RES), DSM seeks to reduce peak demand, electricity costs, and emission rates. In this paper, we have proposed a …load-shifting method for the DSM with a large number of controllable devices. The load-shifting issue has been handled hourly, throughout the course of a 24-hour day, in order to reduce the peak demand, lower the power cost, and minimise the Peak to Average load Ratio (PAR). The Archimedes Optimization (AO) method has been utilised in residential loads in SG to achieve the goal of load shifting by minimising of the problem to the DSM. The simulation findings demonstrate that the suggested demand side management technique generates significant cost savings while lowering the smart grid’s peak load demand. Show more

Keywords: Demand side management (DSM), peak to average load ratio (PAR), archimedes optimization (AO) algorithm, smart grid (SG)

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-222828

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8503-8517, 2023

Authors: Shan, Renliang | Nie, Mingyue | Zheng, Peng | Dong, Ruiyu | Bai, Yao | Ma, Tiancheng | Wang, Yuxin | Dou, Haoyu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To study the effects of the anisotropic matrix and structural planes on the splitting strength and failure mode of rocks, Brazilian splitting tests were carried out with seven different loading angles on specimens of rock-like materials with rough structural planes. The surface strains of the samples during the failure process were monitored and analysed with the help of a high-speed camera and digital image correlation (DIC) technology. The test results showed that the Brazilian splitting strength (BSS) decreased gradually with an increased loading angle. According to the crack morphology, the samples showed three failure modes, and the structural plane and …the loading angle (θ) had an important effect on the failure mode. When θ < 75°, the sample failure was mainly affected by the matrix, and when θ > 75°, the sample failure was mainly controlled by the structural plane. The numerical simulation of the sample with a structural plane was carried out by the PFC2D particle flow program, the micro parameters were calibrated using a back propagation (BP) neural network model. The internal cracks of the sample under a splitting load were mainly matrix tensile microcracks and structural plane shear microcracks, and the tensile microcracks in the side with the weak matrix appeared significantly earlier than those in the side with the strong matrix. With increasing loading angle, the proportion of tensile microcracks in the matrix increased, while the proportion of shear microcracks in the matrix decreased, especially in the weak matrix. The microcracks at the structural plane mainly changed from tensile microcracks to shear microcracks, and the development degree of microcracks along the structural plane was more significant than that on the weak matrix with increasing loading angle. The results of the study can provide a reference for rock stability evaluation and utilization. Show more

Keywords: Structural plane, Brazilian test, failure mode, particle flow code, BP neural network

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232386

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8519-8539, 2023

Authors: Ibrahim, Nechervan B. | Khalaf, Alias B.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper we create a new topological structure induced by connected simple undirected graphs called maximal block topological space and study some properties of this new type of topology. Also, define some concepts in maximal block topological space like (derived subgraph, closure subgraph and interior subgraph). Some results and properties of vertices and subgraphs in G due to maximal block topological space are proved and discussed. Moreover, showed that a maximal block topological space is T 0 -space and T 1/2 -space if and only if G is acyclic graph. Finally, irreducibility and topologically independent of maximal block …topological space are introduced. Show more

Keywords: Topological space, Maximal block topological space, T0-space, T1/2-space.

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-223749

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8541-8551, 2023

Authors: Sonugür, Güray | Çayli, Abdullah

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This work aimed to develop a data glove for the real-time translation of Turkish sign language. In addition, a novel Fuzzy Logic Assisted ELM method (FLA-ELM) for hand gesture classification is proposed. In order to acquire motion information from the gloves, 12 flexibility sensors, two inertial sensors, and 10 Hall sensors were employed. The NVIDIA Jetson Nano, a small pocketable minicomputer, was used to run the recognition software. A total of 34 signal information was gathered from the sensors, and feature matrices were generated in the form of time series for each word. In addition, an algorithm based on Euclidean …distance has been developed to detect end-points between adjacent words in a sentence. In addition to the proposed method, CNN and classical ANN methods, whose model was created by us, were used in sign language recognition experiments, and the results were compared. For each classified word, samples were collected from 25 different signers, and 3000 sample data were obtained for 120 words. Furthermore, the dataset’s size was reduced using PCA, and the results of the newly created datasets were compared to the reference results. In the performance tests, single words and three-word sentences were translated with an accuracy of up to 96.8% and a minimum 2.4 ms processing time. Show more

Keywords: Extreme learning machines (ELM), fuzzy logic, sign language recognition, data glove, CNN, ANN

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231601

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8553-8565, 2023

Authors: Hashemi, Hebatollah | Ezzati, Reza | Mikaeilvand, Naser | Nazari, Mojtaba

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This research paper presents an innovative approach for modeling and analyzing complex systems with uncertain data. Our strategy leverages fuzzy calculus and time-fractional differential equations to achieve this goal. Specifically, we propose the utilization of the fuzzy Atangana-Baleanu time-fractional derivative, which incorporates non-singular kernels for fuzzy functions. This derivative type is particularly suitable for qualitative analysis of fractional differential equations in fuzzy space. We establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for fuzzy linear time-fractional problems based on this differentiability concept. Additionally, we introduce a numerical solution method, namely the fuzzy homotopy perturbation transform method (FHPTM), to solve these problems. …To demonstrate the effectiveness and practical applicability of our approach, we provide concrete examples such as the fuzzy time-fractional Advection-Dispersion equation, the fuzzy time-fractional Diffusion equation, and the fuzzy time-fractional Black-Scholes European option pricing problem. These examples not only illustrate the solution steps involved but also showcase the potential of our method in addressing real-world problems. The outcomes of our research underscore the significance of considering fuzzy calculus and time-fractional differential equations when modeling and analyzing intricate systems with uncertain data. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy atangana-baleanu time-fractional derivative, fuzzy homotopy perturbation transform method, fuzzy time-fractional black-scholes european option pricing problem, fuzzy time-fractional advection-dispersion equation, fuzzy time-fractional diffusion equation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232094

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8567-8582, 2023

Authors: Guo, Liang | Zhang, Junzhao | Dong, Peiyi | Wan, Yuanzheng | Li, Wenhui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To solve the problem of inaccurate user phase identification, the paper proposes a new algorithm based on improved cloud model and adaptive segmented voltage algorithm. Firstly, the new algorithm uses improved cloud model to calculate the digital features of station area and users’ voltage sequences quickly. Secondly, the paper uses the adaptive segmentation voltage algorithm to divide the full voltage sequences into three parts automatically to add local features into phase identification. Finally, the paper calculates cosine similarity between each segmented voltage cloud model to identify users’ voltage phase. The analysis based on station data and field verification shows that …the new algorithm has not only improved the calculation efficiency by 41% compared with traditional user phase identification algorithm, but also increased the difference in identification results between different phases by 1000 times. In the final result, the accuracy of the new algorithm is 95%. The new algorithm has more obvious differentiation and higher accuracy. The analysis results based on the actual engineering data also prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the new user phase identification algorithm. Show more

Keywords: Phase identification, adaptive segmentation voltage, improved cloud model, cosine similarity

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232415

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8583-8594, 2023

Authors: Wang, Haochen | Zhang, Changlun | Chen, Shuang | Wang, Hengyou | He, Qiang | Mu, Haibing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Point cloud upsampling can improve the resolutions of point clouds and maintain the forms of point clouds, which has attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, upsampling networks sometimes generate point clouds with unclear contours and deficient topological structures, i.e., the problem of insufficient form fidelity of upsampled point clouds. This paper focuses on the above problem. Firstly, we manage to find the points located at contours or sparse positions of point clouds, i.e., the form describers, and make them multiply correctly. To this end, 3 statistics of points, i.e., local coordinate difference, local normal difference and describing …index, are designed to estimate the form describers of the point clouds and rectify the feature aggregation of them with reliable neighboring features. Secondly, we divide points into disjoint levels according to the above statistics and apply K nearest neighbors algorithm to the points of different levels respectively to build an accurate graph. Finally, cascaded networks and graph information are fused and added to the feature aggregation so that the network can learn the topology of objects deeply, enhancing the perception of model toward graph information. Our upsampling model PU-FPG is obtained by combining these 3 parts with upsampling networks. We conduct abundant experiments on PU1K dataset and Semantic3D dataset, comparing the upsampling effects of PU-FPG and previous works in multiple metrics. Compared with the baseline model, the Chamfer distance, the Hausdorff distance and the point-to-surface distance of PU-FPG are reduced by 0.159 × 10-3 , 2.892 × 10-3 and 0.852 × 10-3 , respectively. This shows that PU-FPG can improve the form fidelity and raise the quality of upsampled point clouds effectively. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/SATURN2021/PU-FPG . Show more

Keywords: Point cloud, upsampling, convolutional networks, completion

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232490

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8595-8612, 2023

Authors: Călin, Mariana Floricica | Flaut, Cristina | Piciu, Dana

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Algebras of Logic deal with some algebraic structures, often bounded lattices, considered as models of certain logics, including logic as a domain of order theory. There are well known their importance and applications in social life to advance useful concepts, as for example computer algebra. Starting from results obtained by Di Nolla and Lettieri in [1 ], in which they analyzed the structure of finite BL-algebras, in this paper we find properties and give examples of commutative unitary rings R with its set of ideals Id  (R ) to be a BL-algebra of a given type. Moreover, we …present properties of finite rings or rings with a finite number of ideals in their connections with BL-rings. Show more

Keywords: Algebras of Logic, BL-algebras, BL-rings

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232815

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8613-8622, 2023

Authors: Li, Yuejie | Liu, Chang’an | Li, Shijun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433 .

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233700

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8623-8636, 2023

Authors: Gokila, R.G. | Kannan, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433 .

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-234311

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8637-8649, 2023

Authors: Chen, Junfen | Han, Jie | Xie, Bojun | Li, Nana

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Contrastive learning is a powerful technique for learning feature representations without manual annotation. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN) method is commonly used to construct positive sample pairs to calculate the contrastive loss. However, it is challenging to distinguish positive sample pairs, reducing clustering performance. We propose a novel D eep C ontrastive C lustering method based on a G rapH convolutional network called GHDCC. It uses an instance-level contrastive loss with mean square error (MSE) regularization and a cluster-level contrastive loss to incorporate semantic features and perform cluster assignments. The method utilizes a graph convolutional network (GCN) to improve the …semantic consistency of features and linear interpolation data augmentation to improve the representation ability of the model. To minimize the occurrence of false positive sample pairs, we select only samples whose similarity exceeds a predefined threshold to construct the adjacency matrix. The experimental results on six public datasets demonstrate that the GHDCC significantly outperforms contrastive clustering (CC, 500) by a large margin except on CIFAR-10. The GHDCC performs well compared to other deep contrastive clustering methods and achieves the highest clustering accuracy of 0.913 on ImageNet-10. Show more

Keywords: Self-supervised clustering, graph convolutional network, linear interpolation data augmentation, contrastive learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230208

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8651-8661, 2023

Authors: Cao, Mengmeng | Hu, Jian | Wang, Zeming | Yao, Jianyong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, the high accuracy motion output feedback control of a kind of launching platforms driven by motors is focused. The launching platform is used to launch kinetic load to hit the target so it is susceptible to external disturbance. In addition, significant issues arise due to limitations on the plant inputs, such as actuator energy limits and velocity state is usually unavailable due to the limitation of system cost and volume. A new adaptive fuzzy output feedback controller based on dual observers is proposed for solving these problems. A smooth and continuous model is established for input saturation …to compensate it. A sliding mode observer and a fuzzy observer with proper membership function are combined to estimate the unmeasured system states more accurately. An adaptive robust controller and the fuzzy observer are combined to realize a motion control with disturbance rejection, which allows correct adaptation while the plant input is saturated. Lyapunov theorem proves the bounded stability of the proposed controller when there exists observation error. Extensive comparative simulation and experiment results verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed controller and show that the control accuracy can be improved by an order of magnitude compared with the traditional PID controller and better than some other nonlinear controllers. Show more

Keywords: Launching platform, fuzzy observer, output feedback control, adaptive robust control, input saturation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230688

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8663-8678, 2023

Authors: Chen, Dewang | Zhou, Jiali | Tong, Wenlin | Kong, Lingkun | Chen, Yuandong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As a model for reasoning and decision-making based on fuzzy rules, fuzzy systems have high interpretability. However, when the data dimension increases, the fuzzy system will face the problem of “rule explosion”, making it difficult to learn and predict effectively. In this paper, the fuzzy system trained by the FLOWFS (Fast-Learning with Optimal Weights for Fuzzy Systems) algorithm is used as sub-module in the deep fuzzy system, and the deep fuzzy system DFLOWFS (Deep FLOWFS) is constructed from the bottom-up hierarchical structure as the following three steps. 1) The FLOWFS algorithm assigns weight attributions to each fuzzy rule, and the …rule weights are trained by the least square method with regularization terms to shorten training time and improve accuracy. 2) Three strategies of dividing high-dimensional inputs into multiple low-dimensional inputs are proposed as sequential division, random division and correlation division. Then, it is verified by experiments that the correlation division has the best performance. 3) The sub-module discarding method is proposed to discard the sub-modules with poor performance to have a maximum improvement of 13.8% compared to the DFLOWFS without using the sub-module discarding method. Then, the optimized DFLOWFS is verified and compared with the other three classic regression models on the three UCI datasets. Experiments show that with the increase of the data dimension, DFLOWFS not only have good interpretability but also have good accuracy. Furthermore, DFLOWFS performs best among all models in comprehensive scores, with good learning ability and generalization ability. Therefore, the proposed strategies with hierarchical structure for optimal shallow fuzzy systems are effective, which give a new insight for fuzzy system research. Show more

Keywords: Correlation division, fuzzy system, interpretability, rule weights, submodule discarding method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231050

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8679-8690, 2023

Authors: Qiu, Guangying | Tao, Dan | Su, Housheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433 .

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232846

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8691-8701, 2023

Authors: Subhashini, R. | Hemalakshmi, G.R. | Rajalakshmi, R. | Chen, Chuang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The quality of sleep plays a crucial role in physical well-being, and individuals are becoming increasingly concerned about sleep quality and its associated health issues. Although various sleep monitoring devices exist, there remains a need for a highly accurate sleep state identification algorithm. To address this, we present a paper that utilizes machine learning techniques to identify human sleep states based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected by an EEG instrument. We propose a model that incorporates two nonlinear characteristic parameters, MSE and PSE, extracted from artificially designed EEG signals as input. Additionally, we employ a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier …algorithm to accurately identify sleep states, eliminating uncertainties associated with manually designed feature parameters. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy of our proposed model for sleep state analysis, offering valuable insights for improving sleep quality and addressing related health concerns. Show more

Keywords: Sleeping quality, health, electroencephalograph, support vector machine, machine learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230765

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8703-8716, 2023

Authors: Zhao, Aiwu | Du, Chuantao | Guan, Hongjun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Based on the double hierarchy linguistic term sets (DHLTS), a novel forecasting model is proposed considering both the internal fluctuation rules and the external correlation of different time series. The innovative aspects of this model consist of: (i) It can expresses more internal fluctuation and external correlation information, providing guarantees for improving the predictive performance of the model. (ii) The equivalent transformation function of DHLTS reduces the fuzzy granularity and improves the prediction accuracy. (iii) The application of similarity measures can extract the closest rules from historical states based on the distance operators of DHLTS. In addition, experiments on TAIEX …considering the impact of the U.S. stock market and other data show that the model has good predictive performance. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy time series, double hierarchy linguistic term set, forecast, Co-movements of stock markets

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230810

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8717-8733, 2023

Authors: Gao, Gengjun | Wang, Yiwen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The rationality of profit distribution affects the stability of the multimodal transport alliance. In the multimodal transport alliance, the participation rate of the carrier and the communication structure of the alliance are important influencing factors of profit distribution results. To get a reasonable profit distribution scheme, this paper constructs a profit distribution model considering the characteristics of multimodal transport, called the Choquet Cloud Gravity Center AT model. Firstly, considering the communication structure of the alliance, the Cloud Gravity Center Average Tree method is used as the base model for profit distribution. Secondly, considering the multimodal transport alliance is a fuzzy …coalition, the profit for each alliance subset in the base model is calculated by the Choquet integral. Then, the profit distribution model considering participation rate and communication structure is obtained. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the applicability of the model, and comparative analysis is conducted to verify the rationality of the model. This study provides a suitable profit-sharing model for multimodal transport alliances, which is conducive to the stable and efficient operation of alliances. Show more

Keywords: Multimodal transport, profit distribution, fuzzy coalition, communication structure, Choquet integral

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231370

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8735-8746, 2023

Authors: Cano-Izquierdo, Jose-Manuel | Ibarrola, Julio | Almonacid, Miguel

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Deep-learning (DL) is a new paradigm in the artificial intelligence field associated with learning structures able to connect directly numeric data with high-level patterns or categories. DL seems to be a suitable technique to deal with computationally challenging Brain Computer Interface (BCI) problems. Following DL strategy, a new modular and self-organized architecture to solve BCI problems is proposed. A pattern recognition system to translate the measured signals in order to establish categories representing thoughts, without previous pre-processing, is developed. To achieve an easy interpretability of the system internal functioning, a neuro-fuzzy module and a learning methodology are carried out. The …whole learning process is based on machine learning. The architecture and the learning method are tested on a representative BCI application to detect and classify motor imagery thoughts. Data is gathered with a low-cost device. Results prove the efficiency and adaptability of the proposed DL architecture where the used classification module (S-dFasArt) exhibits a better behaviour compared with the usual classifiers. Additionally, it employs neuro-fuzzy modules which allow to offer results in a rules format. This improves the interpretability with respect to the black-box description. A DL architecture, going from the raw data to the labels, is proposed. The proposed architecture, based on Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) and Fuzzy ART modules, performs data processing in a self-organized way. It follows the DL paradigm, but at the same time, it allows an interpretation of the operation stages. Therefore this approach could be called Transparent Deep Learning. Show more

Keywords: Transparent deep learning, brain computer interface, neuro-fuzzy modular architecture, s-dFasArt, motor imagery

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231387

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8747-8760, 2023

Authors: Buche, Arti | Chandak, M.B.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the field of finance, deep learning techniques have been extensively researched for predicting stock prices. In this research, we propose a novel approach for predicting stock price movements using a combination of reviews and historical price data for SBI and HDFC stocks. As market volatility is influenced by numerous factors, it is crucial to consider it while predicting stock prices. To capture the interactions between the price and text data effectively, we create a fusion mix and utilize a hybrid information mixing module, designed using BERT and BiLSTM, to extract the multimodal interactions between the time series and semantic …features. The proposed model, the hybrid information mixing module, is based on a multilayer perceptron and achieves high accuracy in predicting price fluctuations in highly volatile stock markets. Future research can extend this approach to include additional data sources and explore other deep learning techniques for better performance. Show more

Keywords: Natural language processing, deep learning, multilayer perceptron, BiLSTM, BERT, Indian stock market

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231472

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8761-8773, 2023

Authors: Adaikkan, Kalaivani | Thenmozhi, Durairaj

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Social media has become one of the most popular medium of communication and the post may be predominantly unstructured, informal, and frequently misspelled. It has become increasingly common for users to use abusive language in their comments. Detecting offensive language on social media platforms and the presence of such language on the Internet has become a major challenge for modern society. To overcome this challenge, Offensive Language Classification based on the Chaotic Antlion optimization algorithm has been proposed. Initially, the dataset is pre-processed using NLP languages for removing irrelevant data. Consequently, statistical, synthetic, and lexicon features are extracted using various …feature extraction techniques. A Chaotic Antlion Optimization Algorithm is used to select the most relevant features during the feature selection phase. After selecting the features, a Ghost network classifies the input data into four classes namely offensive, non-offensive, swear, and offensive but not offensive. The proposed method was evaluated based on a number of variables, including precision, accuracy, specificity, recall, and F-measure. The best classification accuracy is achieved by the suggested method, which is 99.27% for the SOLID dataset and 98.99% for the OLID dataset. The suggested method outperforms the DCNN, Simple Logistics, and CNN methods in terms of overall accuracy by 4.99%, 8.72%, and 10.4%, respectively. Show more

Keywords: Chaotic Antlion optimization algorithm, detecting offensive language, SOLID dataset, Ghost network, DCNN

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232217

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8775-8788, 2023

Authors: Zhang, Xu | Lv, Mingrui | Yuan, Xumei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of insufficient uncertainty information measure, inaccuracy of weight calculation and incommensurability of indices in hybrid multi-criteria decision making, this paper introduces the Cloud-CRITIC weight calculation method and Cloud-CRITIC-PDR method, which combine cloud model, CRITIC method and Probabilistic Dominance Relation (PDR). In these two methods, the cloud model is used to characterize uncertainty, the Comprehensive information of CRITIC method has been modified in order to adapt to uncertain situation, the PDR method is used to compare schemes. A case study concerning supplier evaluation is given to demonstrate the merits of the cloud-CRITIC and cloud-CRITIC-PDR. The …effectiveness and superiority of the developed methods are further illustrated through method comparison and sensitivity analysis. These combined methods can be used for dealing with decision-making problems with complex index types and strong data uncertainty, such as supplier evaluation and risk assessment. There are few papers about combining the cloud model, CRITIC method, and PDR method under hybrid indices decision-making situation at present, so this paper can provide a new perspective on hybrid MCDM. Show more

Keywords: Hybrid multi-criteria decision making, cloud model, probabilistic dominance relationship, CRITIC, Gaussian criterion

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232605

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8789-8803, 2023

Authors: Guo, Xiao | Feng, Qinrong | Zhao, Lin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Fuzzy soft set as a tool to deal with uncertainty can effectively handle decision making problems. However, there are many redundant parameters in the decision making process. In order to remove redundant parameters to improve the efficiency of decision making, different parameter reduction algorithms for fuzzy soft sets based on different decision criteria have been proposed. This paper focuses on the problem of parameter reduction of fuzzy soft sets based on choice value criteria. The restrictions of the strict conditions about parameter reduction lead to a very low applicability of some previous algorithms based on choice value criteria. To address …this limitation, we introduce a flexible definition of parameter reduction for fuzzy soft sets. Further a difference-based parameter reduction algorithm for fuzzy soft sets is proposed. Compared with some previous algorithms based on choice value criteria, the proposed algorithm not only has wider applicability, but also can reduce more redundant parameters making the found parameter reduction with a lower cardinality, and it is easier to find the parameter reduction of fuzzy soft sets. Show more

Keywords: Soft set, fuzzy soft set, parameter reduction, difference

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232657

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8805-8821, 2023

Authors: Muthazhagan, B. | Ravi, T. | Rajinigirinath, D.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Lung cancer is the prevalent malignancy afflicting both men and women, mostly affects the chain smokers. The lung CT images are examined to identifying the abnormalities, but diagnosing lung cancer with CT images is time-consuming and difficult task. In this work, a novel Sooty-LuCaNet has been proposed in which the best features are selected using sooty tern optimization to reduces computational complexity of neural network. Initially, the denoised CT images are segmented using Grabcut technique to separate the lung nodules by eliminating the background distortions. The deep learning based Shufflenet is used to extract the structural features from the segmented …nodule and the textural features from the enhanced images. Afterwards, the sooty tern optimization (STO) algorithm is applied to select the most relevant features from the extracted features from the ShuffleNet. Finally, the classification process is carried out to differentiate the normal, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the CT images. The experimental findings show the robustness of the proposed Sooty-LuCaNet based on the specific metrics namely sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, recall, precision and F1 score. An average classification accuracy of 99.16% is achieved for detection and classification of lung cancer. Show more

Keywords: Lung cancer, computed tomography, deep learning, Shufflenet, sooty tern optimization algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232875

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8823-8836, 2023

Authors: Ren, Rongrong | Wang, Hailong | Meng, Xinyu | Zhao, Meng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Many businesses and organizations consider group decision making (GDM) to be an important decision-making strategy for dealing with complex decision-making difficulties. Although it is acknowledged that the difference in decision makers’ assessment scales has a significant impact on decision results, how to eliminate the difference in decision makers’ evaluation scales in the decision-making process has not been investigated further. In this research, the non-consensus of MAGDM is studied considering the difference of expert evaluation scale, and an improved two-stage multi-attribute group decision making method (MAGDM) is proposed. The example and comparative analysis of annual bonus allocation in engineering businesses validate …the effectiveness and operability of this system. Simultaneously, the approach is improved to handle the MAGDM problem of tiny samples, and the method’s problem of inadequate information is illustrated by numerical examples. The research presented in this work gives a practicable approach and idea for investigating the eradication of decision-maker evaluation scale disparities in MAGDM, and it demonstrates the importance of decision-maker evaluation scale differences in theoretical research and practical management. Show more

Keywords: Multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM), expert evaluation scale, relative entropy, massive alternatives, normal distribution

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233618

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8837-8858, 2023

Authors: Cho, Seung-Beom | Jeong, Si-Hwa | Yu, Jae-Wook | Choi, Jae-Boong | Kim, Moon Ki

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Despite the significant improvements in the detection and diagnosis of plant diseases at an early stage facilitated by deep learning technology, there are challenges associated with the generalization performance of deep learning models. These problems from the differences between in-field and in-lab data, as well as the heterogeneity of training and prediction data features. In the case of tomato leaf diseases, the PlantVillage dataset is widely used and has already demonstrated accuracy of more than 99%. However, using trained model based on this dataset to predict in-field data results in low accuracy due to domain differences and heterogeneous features. In …this paper, we propose a domain adaptation method based on CycleGAN to solve this problem, followed by a preprocessing technique that utilizes both the OpenCV module and a segmentation model based on U-Net for the best generalization performance. The classification accuracy is evaluated by applying the DenseNet121 model trained on the PlantVillage dataset to the images generated by CycleGAN. Our results demonstrate, with an F1-score of 95.6%, that our domain adaptation method between the two domains is effective in mitigating the effect of domain shift. Show more

Keywords: Image processing, leaf classification, deep learning, CycleGAN, domain adaptation, tomato leaf disease

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230561

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8859-8870, 2023

Authors: Wang, Ru | Peng, Kexin | Liu, Fang | Li, Shugang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the increasing of online social behavior, social relationships have an important impact on consumer negative comment behavior (CNCB) on social commerce platforms. Existing studies lack to describe CNCB influenced by social relationships on social commerce platforms from the perspective of well-thought-out planning results, and the proposed structural equation models in previous studies have been difficult to predict CNCB. Hence, this study proposes a new structural equation model (SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) model to deeply explore and reveal the generation mechanism of CNCB in the context of social commerce platforms based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). …We regard social support as a moderating effect and construct a consumer negative comment planning behavior model (CNCPBM). The results of the data analysis show CNCPBM is supported. This study provides an important theoretical and practical contribution to CNCB, and offers practical management enlightenment for the managers of social commerce platforms. Show more

Keywords: Social commerce platforms, theory of planned behavior, artificial neural network, social support, negative comment behavior

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230563

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8871-8888, 2023

Authors: Wu, Meiqin | Yang, Jindou | Fan, Jianping

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the continuous improvement and development of various decision-making methods, it has led to the widespread use of fuzzy sets and fuzzy numbers. At the same time, the application of decision-making methods in different fuzzy environments has been very effective in addressing the deficiencies in existing research. At present, triangular fuzzy numbers have been widely used in the evaluation aspects of various decision making methods, and the proposed R-number effectively solve the uncertainty involving problems related to future events, but the existing research based on the TOPSIS method in the R-number environment has not yet been clearly applied to the …triangular fuzzy number environment, and the indifference threshold-based attribute ratio analysis (ITARA) method in the fuzzy environment has yet to be extended. Therefore, this paper proposes a fuzzy indifference threshold-based attribute ratio analysis (FITARA) method based on triangular fuzzy numbers for solving the problem of determining attribute weights in the multi-attribute decision-making process. Secondly, the various risks of the decision environment and the impact on future events are considered and R-number are used to solve this puzzle. In addition, the incorporation of risk perception factors in the context of the existing RTOPSIS method considering multiple risk factors and the use of Manhattan distances to optimize the large number of operations in the process of the method resulted in the development of the FITARA-RTOPSIS model. Finally, the proposed FITARA-RTOPSIS method is applied to the problem of siting emergency supplies storage depots, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through comparative analysis. Show more

Keywords: FITARA, R-number, RTOPSIS, Manhattan distance, TFN

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232393

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8889-8905, 2023

Authors: Shyama, S. | Iyer, Radha R.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The attractive properties of the hypercube graph such as its diameter, good connectivity, and symmetry have made it a popular topology for the design of multi-computer interconnection networks. Efforts to improve some of these properties have led to the evolution of hypercube variants. Let c be the proper coloring of graph G , where the neighboring vertices will get individual colors. Coloring c is irregular if distinct vertices have distinct color codes and the least number of colors that ought to receive an irregular coloring is the irregular chromatic number, χir  (G ). In this paper, we …discuss the irregular coloring and find the irregular chromatic number for the hypercube graph Q n and some of its variants using binomial coefficients for the Locally twisted cube graph LTQ n , Crossed cube graph CQ n and two types of Fractal cubic network graph FCNG 1  (k ) and FCNG 2  (k ). Show more

Keywords: Irregular coloring, irregular chromatic number, hypercube graph, variants of hypercube graph

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232471

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8907-8913, 2023

Authors: Prabhakaran, Sudarsan | Ayyamperumal, Niranjil Kumar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This manuscript proposes an automated artifacts detection and multimodal classification system for human emotion analysis from human physiological signals. First, multimodal physiological data, including the Electrodermal Activity (EDA), electrocardiogram (ECG), Blood Volume Pulse (BVP) and respiration rate signals are collected. Second, a Modified Compressed Sensing-based Decomposition (MCSD) is used to extract the informative Skin Conductance Response (SCR) events of the EDA signal. Third, raw features (edge and sharp variations), statistical and wavelet coefficient features of EDA, ECG, BVP, respiration and SCR signals are obtained. Fourth, the extracted raw features, statistical and wavelet coefficient features from all physiological signals are fed …into the parallel Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to reduce the dimensionality of feature space by removing artifacts. Fifth, the fused artifact-free feature vector is obtained for neutral, stress and pleasure emotion classes. Sixth, an artifact-free feature vector is used to train the Random Forest Deep Neural Network (RFDNN) classifier. Then, a trained RFDNN classifier is applied to classify the test signals into different emotion classes. Thus, leveraging the strengths of both RF and DNN algorithms, more comprehensive feature learning using multimodal psychological data is achieved, resulting in robust and accurate classification of human emotional activities. Finally, an extensive experiment using the Wearable Stress and Affect Detection (WESAD) dataset shows that the proposed system outperforms other existing human emotion classification systems using physiological data. Show more

Keywords: Emotional reactivity, physiological signals, modified compressed sensing, motion artifacts, deep convolutional neural network, random forest deep neural network

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232662

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8915-8929, 2023

Authors: Zhao, Yiming | Zhao, Hongdong | Zhang, Xuezhi | Liu, Weina

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), vision is the primary mode of perception. However, vehicle images captured by low-cost traffic cameras under challenging weather conditions often suffer from poor resolution and insufficient detail representation. On the other hand, vehicle noise provides complementary auditory features that offer advantages such as environmental adaptability and a large recognition distance. To address these limitations and enhance the accuracy of low-quality traffic surveillance classification and identification, an effective audio-visual feature fusion method is crucial. This paper presents a research study that establishes an Urban Road Vehicle Audio-visual (URVAV) dataset specifically designed for low-quality images and noise …recorded in complex weather conditions. For low-quality vehicle image classification, the paper proposes a simple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based model called Low-quality Vehicle Images Net (LVINet). Additionally, to further enhance classification accuracy, a spatial channel attention-based audio-visual feature fusion method is introduced. This method converts one-dimensional acoustic features into a two-dimensional audio Mel-spectrogram, allowing for the fusion of auditory and visual features. By leveraging the high correlation between these features, the representation of vehicle characteristics is effectively enhanced. Experimental results demonstrate that LVINet achieves a classification accuracy of 93.62% with reduced parameter count compared to existing CNN models. Furthermore, the proposed audio-visual feature fusion method improves classification accuracy by 7.02% and 4.33% when compared to using single audio or visual features alone, respectively. Show more

Keywords: Vehicle classification, feature fusion, convolutional neural network, low-quality images

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232812

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8931-8944, 2023

Authors: Chen, Hao | Su, Ze | Xu, Xiangqian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The rapid development of global information technology, especially the emergence and widespread application of the Internet, has enabled information technology to quickly penetrate into various fields of the economy and society. Informatization and networking have become important features of today’s era. However, while people enjoy the tremendous progress brought by information technology to humanity, the openness and security vulnerabilities of computer networks have also made network information security issues increasingly prominent. The invasion of hackers, the continuous generation and spread of computer virus, and the rampant use of rogue software have all caused great economic losses to individuals, enterprises, and …countries. The computer network security evaluation is a multiple-attribute group decision making (MAGDM). Then, the TODIM and TOPSIS method has been established to deal with MAGDM issues. The interval neutrosophic sets (INSs) are established as an effective tool for representing uncertain information during the computer network security evaluation. In this manuscript, the interval neutrosophic number TODIM-TOPSIS (INN-TODIM-TOPSIS) method is established to solve the MAGDM under INSs. Finally, a numerical example study for computer network security evaluation is established to validate the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method. The main research contribution of this paper is established: (1) the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method is put up for MAGDM with INSs; (2) the INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method is put up for computer network security evaluation and were compared with existing methods; (3) Through the detailed comparison, it is evident that INN-TODIM-TOPSIS method for computer network security evaluation proposed in this paper are effective. Show more

Keywords: Multiple-attribute group decision making (MAGDM), Interval neutrosophic sets (INSs), TODIM method, TOPSIS method, Computer network security evaluation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233181

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8945-8957, 2023

Authors: Wang, Yixuan | Zhang, Xiaowen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The lean management and innovation capability evaluation of technological small and medium sized enterprises is a classical multi-attributes group decision-making (MAGDM). Recently, the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) have been extended to apply in many fields. However, the existing models don’t evaluate the alternative considering the psychological factors. Thus, in this paper, an extended probabilistic hesitant fuzzy grey relational analysis (PHF-GRA) method is proposed to reduce the restrictions of GRA method by combining with cumulative prospect theory (CPT), considering the psychological preference. In addition, the PHFSs assigns probability values to different degrees of hesitancy, which shows its superiority in complex …environment. At the same time, the weight vectors of each attribute are calculated by the entropy values of different foreground decision elements. Then, probabilistic hesitant fuzzy GRA (PHF-GRA) model based on CPT model is constructed for MAGDM under PHFSs. Finally, a practical example study for lean management and innovation capability evaluation of technological small and medium sized enterprises is constructed to validate the proposed GRA (PHF-GRA) model based on model CPT and some comparative studies are constructed to verify the applicability. Show more

Keywords: Multi-attributes group decision-making (MAGDM), probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs), grey relational analysis (GRA) method, entropy, lean management and innovation capability evaluation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-233403

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8959-8972, 2023

Authors: Wang, Yahui | Chen, Hongchang | Liu, Shuxin | Li, Xing | Hu, Yuxiang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the continuous escalation of telecommunication fraud modes, telecommunication fraud is becoming more and more concealed and disguised. Existing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)-based fraud detection methods directly aggregate the neighbor features of target nodes as their own updated features, which preserves the commonality of neighbor features but ignores the differences with target nodes. This makes it difficult to effectively distinguish fraudulent users from normal users. To address this issue, a new model named Feature Difference-aware Graph Neural Network (FDAGNN) is proposed for detecting telecommunication fraud. FDAGNN first calculates the feature differences between target nodes and their neighbors, then adopts GAT …method to aggregate these feature differences, and finally uses GRU approach to fuse the original features of target nodes and the aggregated feature differences as the updated features of target nodes. Extensive experiments on two real-world telecom datasets demonstrate that FDAGNN outperforms seven baseline methods in the majority of metrics, with a maximum improvement of about 5%. Show more

Keywords: Fraud detection, graph neural networks, telecommunication networks, feature fusion

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221893

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8973-8988, 2023

Authors: Yuvaraj, S. | Vijay Franklin, J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The predictions of cognitive emotions are complex due to various cognitive emotion modalities. Deep network model has recently been used with huge cognitive emotion determination. The visual and auditory modalities of cognitive emotion recognition system are proposed. The extraction of powerful features helps obtain the content related to cognitive emotions for different speaking styles. Convolutional neural network (CNN) is utilized for feature extraction from the speech. On the other hand, the visual modality uses the 50 layers of a deep residual network for prediction purpose. Also, extracting features is important as the datasets are sensitive to outliers when trying to …model the content. Here, a long short-term memory network (LSTM) is considered to manage the issue. Then, the proposed Dense Layer Model (DLM) is trained in an E2E manner based on feature correlation that provides better performance than the conventional techniques. The proposed model gives 99% prediction accuracy which is higher to other approaches. Show more

Keywords: Cognitive emotion recognition, deep learning, prediction, visual modality, handcrafted features

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230766

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 8989-9005, 2023

Authors: Geng, Xiuli | Li, Yiqun | Zhang, Hongliu | He, Jianjia

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Product-service system (PSS) has attracted attention of manufacturers to shift from product-providing to solution-providing, which is a marketable set of products and services. The existing researches emphasize the fulfillment of individualized customer requirements through different PSS configurations. The PSS planning phase is of high importance in generating conceptual schemes, which translates customer requirements (CRs) to design requirements (DRs). In this paper, a systematic decision-making approach based on QFD is put forward aiming to configure the PSS design requirements (DRs). To address the uncertainty and hesitancy in QFD modeling, a hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs) is applied to elicit the …experts’ linguistic preferences in evaluating the importance of CRs and the relationships between CRs and DRs. To dealing with the group decision-making problems concerning the HFLTSs, the min-upper operator and the max-lower operator assemble the experts’ evaluation results into a linguistic interval, and then the numerical results can be obtained by using the 2-tuple linguistic representation model and the interval preference degree computation. A non-linear 0-1 programming model is proposed to select the target DRs’ specifications for maximizing customer satisfaction under cost constraint. In order to objectively determine the satisfaction degree of each optional specification of DR, the information axiom is introduced to construct the objective function via information content computation. To deal with the qualitative DRs, HFLTSs and information axiom are combined and hesitant information axiom (HIA) is proposed. Finally, a DRs optimization model is established using HIA and the imprecision method. A case study is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimal PSS planning approach developed. Show more

Keywords: Product-service system (PSS), design requirement, information axiom, hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set, non-linear programming

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231329

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9007-9028, 2023

Authors: Kai, Wei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this study, we focus on the analysis of factors influencing the siting decision of coal emergency reserve centers. Specifically, we first draw on the quality function deployment theory in marketing to logically integrate the ideas of this study. On this basis, we adopted an interdisciplinary fuzzy decision-making method, namely the G1-entropy method, to quantitatively evaluate the research of this paper. Thereafter, we constructed a three-level index system based on the characteristics of the coal emergency reserve site selection, and used the G1-entropy value method to calculate the weights of the indicators in the coal emergency reserve center siting decision …index system and obtain the results. Our research findings have found that the three key indicators of coal conventional reserve, emergency coal transportation methods, and emergency response time play a crucial role in the decision-making of coal emergency reserve center location. Therefore, we propose specific countermeasures and suggestions for these three key indicators. Our study can provide support for the government to better select the location of emergency coal reserves, better improve the national energy layout, and provide support for relevant decision makers on how to better reserve coal. The location of the emergency coal reserve center can better play the role of strategic reserve to stabilize the market function, effectively respond to the impact of various events on the energy market, and can make corresponding suggestions to the construction of the national energy security reserve system. Show more

Keywords: Emergency reserve center, site selection decision, quality function deployment theory, G1 method, entropy value method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-232299

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9029-9052, 2023

Authors: Lyu, Aobo | Jiang, Jingjing | Zhou, Liang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) pledges to realize a vast array of new functionalities, such as frictionless consumer payment and money-transfer systems, as well as precise supervision of money circulation, thereby enabling a number of new financial instruments and monetary policy levers. This study proposes, from a system feedback loop and cybernetics perspective, a Dynamic Issuance Mechanism (DIM) for CBDC that can theoretically enhance the vitality of economic operations. In accordance with this mechanism, the central bank implements dynamic issuance by monitoring cash leakage in real-time, so as to maintain the stability of the amount of money circulating on the …market, thereby boosting the currency turnover rate and financial vitality. To demonstrate the efficacy of the DIM, we employ the Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) tool to develop a macroeconomic simulation model for qualitative analysis that includes four entities: Central Bank, households, firms, and commercial banks. The multi-cycle operation process of the model includes a variety of economic indicators demonstrating that DIM has the potential to boost economic vitality and social production efficiency without exerting an adverse effect on citizens’ incomes, commodity prices, or the stability of the macroeconomic system. Finally, the function principle and potential risks of DIM are explained from a systems perspective, which offers a novel perspective for the functional design of CBDC and highlights that the hierarchical structure is a meaningful domain as the developmental direction. Show more

Keywords: Central bank digital currency, agent-based modeling, dynamic issuance mechanism, system feedback, macroeconomic

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221244

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9053-9067, 2023

Authors: Fang, Jian | Lin, Xiaomei | Wu, Yue | An, Yi | Sun, Haoran

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As a deep learning network model, ResNet50 can effectively recognize facial expressions to a certain extent, but there are still problems such as insufficient extraction of local effective feature information and a large number of parameters. In this paper, we take ResNet50 as the basic framework to optimize and improve this network. Firstly, by analyzing the influence mechanism of the attention mechanism module on the network feature information circulation, the optimal embedding position of CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) and SE modules in the ResNet50 network is thus determined to effectively extract local key information, and then the number of …model parameters is effectively reduced by embedding the depth separable module. To validate the performance of the improved ResNet50 model, the recognition accuracy reached 71.72% and 95.72% by ablation experiments using Fer2013 and CK+ datasets, respectively. We then used the trained model to classify the homemade dataset, and the recognition accuracy reached 92.86%. In addition, compared with the current more advanced methods, the improved ResNet50 network model proposed in this paper can maintain a balance between model complexity and recognition ability and can provide a technical reference for facial expression recognition research. Show more

Keywords: ResNet50, SE, CBAM, depth separability, lightweight

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230524

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9069-9081, 2023

Authors: Tan, Simin | Zhang, Ling | Sheng, Yuhong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper mainly discusses the extinction and persistent dynamic behavior of infectious diseases with temporary immunity. Considering that the transmission process of infectious diseases is affected by environmental fluctuations, stochastic SIRS models have been proposed, while the outbreak of diseases is sudden and the interference terms that affect disease transmission cannot be qualified as random variables. Liu process is introduced based on uncertainty theory, which is a new branch of mathematics for describing uncertainty phenomena, to describe uncertain disturbances in epidemic transmission. This paper first extends the classic SIRS model from a deterministic framework to an uncertain framework and constructs …an uncertain SIRS infectious disease model with constant input and bilinear incidence. Then, by means of Yao-Chen formula, α-path of uncertain SIRS model and the corresponding ordinary differential equations are obtained to introduce the uncertainty threshold function R 0 * as the basic reproduction number. Moreover, two equilibrium states are derived. A series of numerical examples show that the larger the value of R 0 * , the more difficult it is to control the disease. If R 0 * ≤ 1 , the infectious disease will gradually disappear, while if R 0 * > 1 , the infectious disease will develop into a local epidemic. Show more

Keywords: Uncertainty theory, SIRS epidemic model, basic reproduction number, asymptotic behavior

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-223439

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9083-9093, 2023

Authors: Yang, Chun | Sun, Wei | Li, Ningning

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the past decade, people’s life is getting better and better, and the attention to sports competition is also increasing. In the current information age, sports and athletes’ data are very important, especially team football. In college, football coaches can use the data to analyze the situation of college football players and opposing players to better specify the corresponding tactics to win the game. However, at present, most of the data results need to be manually recorded and counted on the spot or after the game. In the process of statistics, Zhou Jing will inevitably have omissions and other problems. …For this problem, a method based on space-time graph convolution. In the process, machine vision and motion recognition methods are combined, and the joint movements of different football players are extracted through the pose estimation method to obtain motion recognition results. To ented the methods on the KTH dataset. The results showed that the football motion recognition using the research method reached 98% on the dataset, which significantly improved the accuracy of nearly 5% over the existing state-of-the-art methods. At the same time, the accuracy rate of football movements was less than 5%. This means that the research method can effectively identify football sports, and can be widely used in other fields, and promote the development of human movement recognition in human-computer interaction and smart city and other fields. Show more

Keywords: Space-time graph convolution, football teaching, motion recognition

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230890

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9095-9108, 2023

Authors: Xie, Canrong | Wang, Jianjun | Wu, Zhiwen | Nie, Shaojun | Hu, Yichan | Huang, Sheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Machine learning (ML) has been applied in civil engineering to predict the compressive strength of concrete with high accuracy. In this paper, five boosting ensemble algorithms, i.e., XGBoost, AdaBoost, GBDT, LightGBM, and CatBoost, were used to predict the compressive strength of high-performance concrete (HPC). The models were evaluated using performance indicators such as R2 , root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The results showed that the CatBoost model had the highest accuracy with a R2 (0.970) and a RMSE (2.916). The prediction accuracy of the model was increased through hyperparameter optimization, which got a higher …with a R2 (0.975) and a RMSE (2.863). Meanwhile, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was used to explain the output results of the optimal model (CatBoost), which generated explainable insights that further revealed the complex relationship between the prediction model parameters. The results showed that AGE, W/B, and W/C had the most impact on high-performance concrete compressive strength (HPCCS) prediction, which was similar to the results of sensitivity analysis. This study provided a theoretical basis and technical guidance for developing the mix design of a new high-performance concrete (HPC) system. In the future, the interpretable results of the model output should be iteratively checked and validated in the actual laboratory in order to provide guidance for engineering practice. Show more

Keywords: High-Performance Concrete (HPC), compressive strength, machine learning, boosting algorithms, game theory

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-231021

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9109-9122, 2023

Authors: Du, Xianjun | Wu, Hailei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made significant progress in the field of cloud detection in remote sensing images thanks to their powerful feature representation capabilities. Existing methods typically aggregate low-level features containing details and high-level features containing semantics to make full use of both features to accurately detect cloud regions. However, CNNs are still limited in their ability to reason about the relationships between features, while not being able to model context well. To overcome this problem, this paper designs a novel feature interaction graph convolutional network model that extends the feature fusion process of convolutional neural networks from Euclidean …space to non-Euclidean space. The algorithm consists of three main components: remote sensing image feature extraction, feature interaction graph reasoning, and high-resolution feature recovery. The algorithm constructs a feature interaction graph reasoning (FIGR) module to fully interact with low-level and high-level features and then uses a residual graph convolutional network to infer feature higher-order relationships. The network model effectively alleviates the problem of a semantic divide in the feature fusion process, allowing the aggregated features to fuse valuable details and semantic information. The algorithm is designed to better detect clouds with complex cloud layers in remote sensing images with complex cloud shape, size, thickness, and cloud-snow coexistence. Validated on publicly available 38-Cloud and SPARCS datasets and the paper’s own Landsat-8 cloud detection dataset with higher spatial resolution, the proposed method achieves competitive performance under different evaluation metrics. Code is available at https://github.com/HaiLei-Fly/CloudGraph . Show more

Keywords: Remote sensing image cloud detection, feature interaction, graph convolutional networks, image segmentation, interpretability

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-223946

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9123-9139, 2023

Authors: Silva, Victor L. | de Menezes, José Maria P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433 .

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-220232

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9141-9156, 2023

Authors: yang, Chen | Jinming, Liu | Jian, Mao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The unintentional electromagnetic radiation of digital electronic devices during operation can cause information leakage and threaten the information security of the system. In order to explore the leakage level of important information, it is necessary to separate the electromagnetic leakage signal from the complex environmental electromagnetic wave, so the blind source separation technology is studied.Traditional blind source separation methods are mainly unsupervised learning methods, and their separation results are not as expected. In recent years, deep learning technology based on supervised learning has achieved good results in speech separation and other fields, indicating that it is a feasible method.In order …to solve the problem of separating source signals from mixed electromagnetic radiation signals and reducing noise interference in electromagnetic safety detection. this paper proposes a Deep Focusing U-Net neural network, which makes the model pay more attention to the features at deeper layer. The network is applied to the blind separation of LCD electromagnetic leakage signals, and the good separation performance proves the effectiveness of this method. Show more

Keywords: Blind source separation, Deep Focusing U-Net, Electromagnetic signals

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-223568

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9157-9167, 2023

Authors: Fu, Pengbin | Ma, Yuchen | Yang, Huirong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The speaker diarization task pertains to the automated differentiation of speakers within an audio recording, while lacking any prior information regarding the speakers. The introduction of the self-attention mechanism in End-to-End Neural Speaker Diarization (EEND) has elegantly resolved the issue of overlapping speakers. The Transformer model equipped with self-attention mechanism has shown great potential in collecting global information, yielding remarkable outcomes in various tasks. However, the individual speaker characteristics are predominantly reflected in the contextual information, which conventional self-attention would not adequately address. In this study, we propose a hierarchical encoders model to augment the encoders’ acquisition of speaker information …in two distinct ways: (1) Constraining the perceptual field of the self-attentive mechanism with left-right windows or Gaussian weights to highlight contextual information; (2) Utilizing a pre-trained time-delay neural network based speaker embedding extractor to alleviate the shortcomings of speaker feature extraction ability. We evaluate the proposed methods on a simulated dataset of two speakers and a real conversation dataset. The model with the most favorable outcomes among the proposed enhancements achieves a diarization error rate of 7.74% on the simulated dataset and 21.92% on MagicData-RAMC after adaptation. These results compellingly demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods. Show more

Keywords: Speaker diarization, contextual information, Gaussian weight, constraint self-attention

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230249

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9169-9180, 2023

Authors: Qin, Ying

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: English language teaching varies with the universities and faculties for improving student knowledge through adaptability. In improving the adaptability features, multiple practices are blended based on previous outcomes. The outcomes are considered through the accumulated big data for leveraging student performance. This article introduces a Blended Model using Big Data Analytics (BM-BDA) to provide an upgraded teaching environment for different students. This study applied learning analytics and educational big data methods for the early prediction of students’ final academic performance in a blended model for English teaching. The model aims at rectifying the performance inaccuracies observed in the previous sessions …through the pursued teaching methods. Furthermore, the identification is pursued using teaching model classification and its results over students’ performance. The classification is pursued using conventional classifier learning based on different inaccuracies. The inaccuracy in teaching efficiency using the implied model is classified for different types of students for step-by-step model tuning. The tuning is performed by inheriting the successful implications from the other methods. This improves the inclusion and blending of the diverse method to a required level for teaching efficiency. The successful blending method is discarded from the classification process post the outcome verification. This requires intense data analysis using diverse student performance and implied teaching methods. Show more

Keywords: Big data, blended models, classification learning, English teaching

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-230842

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 9181-9197, 2023