Human Antibodies - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Soleimani, Zahra | Amighi, Fatemeh | Vakili, Zarichehr | Momen-Heravi, Mansooreh | Moravveji, Seyyed Alireza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of osteomyelitis is a key step of diabetic foot management. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a novel infection marker. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin and other conventional infection markers and clinical findings in diagnosis of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This diagnostic value study was carried out on ninety patients with diabetic infected foot ulcers admitted in Kashan Beheshti Hospital, 2016. After obtaining consent, 10 cc blood sample was taken for measuring serum PCT, CBC, ESR, CRP and FBS. Clinical characteristics of the wounds were noted. Magnetic …resonance imaging of the foot was performed in all patients to diagnose osteomyelitis. All statistical analyses were done with the use of SPSS-16. RESULTS: PCT levels were 0.13 ± 0.02 ng/mili patients with osteomyelitis (n = 45) and 0.04 ± 0.02 ng/ml in patients without osteomyelitis (n = 45). PCT, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein was found significantly higher in patients with osteomyelitis (p < 0.001). The ROC curve was calculated for PCT. The area under the ROC curve for infection identification was 1 (p < 0.001). The best cut-off value for PCT was 0.085 ng/ml. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 100%, 97.8%,97.8% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this group of patients, PCT was useful to discriminate patients with bone infection. Also, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein can be used as a marker of osteomyelitis in diabetic patients. Show more

Keywords: Diabetic foot, osteomyelitis, procalcitonin, ESR, CRP

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-210439

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2021

Authors: Rezaei, Mitra | Sadeghi, Mohammadhadi | Korourian, Alireza | Tabarsi, Payam | Porabdollah, Mihan | Askari, Elham | Mortaz, Esmaeil | Mahmoudi, Shima | Marjani, Majid

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies to compare antibody response against anti-spike (S) and anti- nucleoprotein (N) SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgG antibody production against S and N antigens of the virus and their correlation with the time and severity of the disease. METHODS: The IgG antibodies against S and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in serum specimens 72 symptomatic patients who tested real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive for SARS-CoV-2 were detected using the ELISA technique. Different antibody response was compared and the correlation with the …time from disease onset and the severity was evaluated. RESULTS: Forty-eight of 72 (67%) patients tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, while 24 (33%) did not have detectable antibodies. Comparison of antibody levels for N and S antibodies showed that they correlate with each other well (r = 0.81; P < 0.001). However, sensitivity of anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG and anti-N SARS-CoV-2 IgG was 30% and 60%, during the first 7 days after symptom onset (r = 0.53; P = 0.111), but increased to 73% and 68% at more than 1-week post symptom onset (r = 0.89, P = 0.111), respectively. Cases with positive IgG response showed a decreased CD8 cell percentage compared to the negative IgG groups (26 ± 14 vs. 58 ± 32, p = 0.066 in anti-N IgG group and 28 ± 15 vs. 60 ± 45, p = 0.004 in anti-S IgG group, respectively). CONCLUSION: Nearly one-third of the confirmed COVID-19 patients had negative serology results. Lower percent positivity at early time points after symptom onset (less than 1 week) was seen using anti-S SARS-COV-2 IgG kit compare to the anti-N SARS-CoV-2 IgG; therefore, clinicians should interpret negative serology results of especially anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG with caution. Show more

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, antibody response, spike, nucleoprotein, lymphocyte subsets

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-210440

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2021

Authors: Dehghani, Seyed Mohsen | Dara, Naqi | Gharesifar, Behrooz | Shahramian, Iraj | Dalili, Fatemeh | Salarzaei, Morteza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease is a chronic disease that affect small bowel by making its villi become atrophic. Various environmental and genetic factors have been identify as inducing factors for celiac disease. Most of the patients has one of the HLA DQ forms. Although the prevalence of these genes are variable in different areas of the world, we do not have a comprehensive information about this issue in our region. Thus the aim of present study is to investigate the prevalence of HLA DQ typing of patients who visited Emam Reza Gastroenterology clinic of Shiraz(IRAN). METHODS: In …this case-control study all under 18 years old children who were diagnosed with celiac disease and have visited Emam Reza gastroenterology clinic were investigated. The diagnosis of celiac disease was made by history, physical exam, serologic test, and histopathology of duodenal biopsy. Blood sample was taken and HLA typing performed using PCR method at Motahari clinic cytology laboratory. Also those people who neither them self nor their first degree relatives were not case of celiac disease and underwent HLA typing for other reason were identified as control group. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18 software. The p value < 0.05 was identified as statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 139 patients with celiac disease and 146 normal children were studied. The mean age of the patient with celiac disease were 9.1 years old with standard deviation of 3.4 years old. 64% of the celiac patients were girls and 36% were boys. While this proportion was 54.4% for boy and 48.6% for girls in control group. The most common HLA in celiac patients group were HLA DQ2 and 8 but the most common ones in control group were HLA DQ 8 and 5. Failure to Thrive were the most common signs of the celiac patients with a prevalence of 60 children. Total IgA titer were normal in 98.6% of the patients and TTG IgA titer were positive in 93.5% of the patients. The most common co existing disease with the celiac disease were diabetes with a prevalence of 30 children (66.7%). CONCLUSION: present study reveals that the prevalence of the HLA DQ2 and 8 among patients with celiac disease is 72.6% and 53% in our normal population. Show more

Keywords: Celiac disease, HLA, Iran

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200437

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2021

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most burden respiratory diseases outbreak. Moreover, the public health emergency to fight COVID-19 outbreak was stated by world health organization as global health concern since March, 2020. However, there has been significantly increased morbidity and moratlity of the community in worldwide.The objective of the review was to describe and review the global public health significances and community and health care perception on features, treatments, prevention and control methods of the Outbreak to slow transmission. METHODS: In this review, the literatures were searched by following online …databases which include medRxiv, pubmed, medline and Google scholar databases. The ‘COVID-19’, ‘2019 novel coronavirus’, ‘2019-nCoV’, ‘novel coronavirus’and ‘Pneumonia’ key search terms were used to search the literatures. Scientific papers published online by Center for Disease Control (CDC) and WHO from 1 January to 6 May, 2020 in English language were included for analysis. RESULTS: The result of review indicated that COVID-19 is the serious global public health problem. It more affects immune compromised individuals who are living with chronic diseases, aged and pregnant women. The disease spreads rapidly from one country to countries worldwidely. The 212 countries were highlighted the weakened state of essential public health emergency services. The researchers were addressed lack of communities’ perception including health professionals’ against COVID-19. The Show more

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200422

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 is the major public health burden in the world. The disease and death of the global community from corona virus disaes 19 rapidly increasing from time to time worldwide. However, there was a lack of well-organized information about the level of risk, effects, prevention and control methods of the disease. Therefore the aim of this study was to identify and review a published level of risk, effects response to potential health emergencies, prevention, and control methods of Coronavirus Disease 2019 at the global level. METHODS: A systematic review was performed …after literatures were identified by searching the following online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library with supplementary hand searching of conferences. The online databases contain archives of most English biomedical journals. Scientific papers published online by the Center for Disease Control and the World Health Organization were also included for this analysis. The scientific publications from 1 December, 2019 to 13 April 2020. were included. The ‘COVID-19’, ‘2019 novel coronavirus’, ‘2019-nCoV’, ‘novel coronavirus’, and ‘Pneumonia’ key search terms were used in this review. RESULTS: Twenty published articles with reputable journals met the inclusion criteria, representing 20 articles analyses. From these, 11 (55%) in China and 3 (15%) in United State of America. All the 20 were statistical analyses of individual patient data, while 33 used decision-analytic modeling. The overall structures were most commonly described as being Markov (n = 27) but, the methods were heterogeneous. The World Health Organization was reported that most frequently world communities including health care providers were ‘alive’ or ‘dead’, with COVID-19 related outcomes such as hospitalization and other enclosed Show more

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200421

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-20, 2020

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) is the major public health burden in the world. The morbidity and mortality of global community due to this disease is dramatically increasing from time to time. OBJECTIVE: This situational analysis is aimed to analysis prevalence, and incidence of COVID-19 and to provide clear information about this disease for the scientific community, stakeholders and healthcare practitioners and decision-makers. METHODS: The literatures were identified by searching the key relevant and officially known online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar and PubMed. The online databases contain archives of most English …biomedical journals and scientific papers published online from 31 December to 3 April 2020 were included. After the literature search, articles were screened independently by two reviewers for eligibility. RESULTS: The world continents have confirmed a total of 1,202,320 confirmed COVID-19 cases: (51.2%) in Europe, (27.7%) in North America, (17.9%) in Asia, (1.96%) in South America and at less number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa and Australia which was accounted 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. However, this review showed that there was significantly increased the confirmed COVID-19 cases by 109,555 in Asia, 8,658 in Africa, 332,866 in North America, 20,269 in South America, 568,894 in Europe, 5,051 in Australia and 1,045,403 in the whole world continent except Antarctica during the review period. The overall results showed that there were 1,098,762 cases and 59,172 deaths have recorded from during the review period. The result zero number of deaths with COVID-19 was observed in 66 countries. CONCLUSION: The review concluded that COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 is the major public health burden in the world, the morbidity and mortality of global community is dramatically increasing from time to time. Strongly collaboration among all sectors and then design effective prevention and control strategies which include staying home, social/physical distancing, quarantine, testing of suspected patients, isolation and managing of the confirmed cases. Therefore, the world continents countries should have to implement five major COVID-19 prevention and control programmes as soon as possible at community level. Show more

Keywords: COVID-19, confirmed cases, deaths, prevention and control, review

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200420

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2020