Human Antibodies - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Khazaei, Hossein Ali | Naderi, Majid | Aliabad, Ghasem Miri | Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad Nasiraldin | Alidadi, Ali | Moulaei, Nezar Ali | Safdari, Mohammad | Nahvi, Hedayatollah | Cohan, Nader | Dehghan, Javid | Mehraban, Ahmad | Jalili, Arman | Khazaei, Amin | Khazaei, Ehsan | Khazaei, Bahman | Khazaei, Behnam | Rezaei, Nima | Salarzaie, Morteza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the T helper (Th) to T cytotoxic (Tc) ratio in children suffering from type A hemophilia disease and to evaluate the correlation of this ratio with disease severity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Two mls of EDTA anti coagulated whole blood was collected. Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes count was carried out by FACS analysis using a double CD4 and CD8 kit. The mean ± SD of absolute numbers of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes/ml was calculated and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was evaluated by statistical method. …RESULTS: Among 80 type A hemophilia patients, 66 (82.5%) were male. The mean age was 15 ± 3.51 years. 12 (15%) of them were suffering from mild disease and 68 (85%) had sever disease. The CD4 /CD8 ratio was obtained between 0.45 and 1.44 with mean 1.79 ± 0.78. The correlation between this ration and disease severity was 0.019. CONCLUSION: The results showed that CD4/CD8 ratio has correlation with disease severity in type A hemophilia patients, however there was no association between this ratio and gender. Show more

Keywords: CD4/CD8 ratio, hemophilia disease

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200434

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2021

Authors: El Allam, Aicha | El Fakihi, Sara | Tahoune, Hicham | Sahmoudi, Karima | Bousserhane, Houria | Bakri, Youssef | El Hafidi, Naima | Seghrouchni, Fouad

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The number of circulating lymphocytes is altered in a number of diseases including either increase (lymphocytosis) or decrease (lymphocytopenia). Therefore, the assessment of total blood lymphocyte numbers and the relative distribution of lymphocyte subsets is a critical front-line tool in the clinical diagnosis of a number of diseases, including pediatric diseases and disorders. However, the interpretation of this data requires comparison of patient’s results to reliable reference values. Blood lymphocyte subpopulation numbers are also subject to genetic polymorphisms, immunogenic and environmental factors and vary greatly between populations. While the best practice reference values should be established within local representative populations …of healthy subjects, to date, Caucasian reference values are used in Morocco due to the absence of indigenous reference values. Potential differences in blood lymphocyte subpopulation reference values between Caucasian versus Moroccan populations can adversely affect the diagnosis of pediatric and childhood diseases and disorders such as primary immunodeficiency (PID) in Morocco. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish the age-stratified normal reference values of blood lymphocyte subsets for the pediatric Moroccan population. METHODS: We measured the concentration of lymphocyte subpopulations by flow cytometry from 83 Moroccan healthy subjects stratified into 5 age groups of 0–1, 1–2, 2–6, 6–12 and > 12–18 (adult). RESULTS: The absolute and relative amounts of the main lymphocyte subsets of T-cells, B cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells were measured and compared to previously described reference values from Cameroonian, Turkish, American and Dutch populations. Additionally, we also observed an age-related decline in the absolute population sizes of lymphocyte subsets within our study group. Relative proportions of CD3 + CD4 + helper T lymphocytes decreased with increasing age and by 12 years-adult age, both proportions of CD3 + CD4 + helper T lymphocytes and CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as CD3 - CD19 + B lymphocytes were also decreased. Finally, we compared the median values and range of our Moroccan study group with that of published results from Cameroon, Turkey, USA and Netherlands and observed significant differences in median and mean values of absolute number and relative proportions of lymphocyte subsets especially at 0–1 years and 1–2 years age groups. Above age 12 years, the Moroccan values were lower. For NK cells, the Moroccan values are also lower. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have a significant impact in improving the threshold values of the references intervals routinely used in the diagnosis of paediatric diseases such as PIDs or mother-to-child transmitted HIV within the Moroccan population. Show more

Keywords: Primary immunodeficiency diseases, diagnosis, blood leucocytes, reference values, pediatric population

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200432

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2020

Authors: Flego, Michela | Colotti, Gianni | Ascione, Alessandro | Dupuis, Maria Luisa | Petrucci, Eleonora | Riccioni, Roberta | Andreotti, Mauro | Raggi, Carla | Boe, Alessandra | Barca, Stefano | Gellini, Mara | Vella, Stefano | Mallano, Alessandra

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The NCAM or CD56 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin super-family involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. NCAM is also over-expressed in many tumour types and is considered a tumour associated antigen, even if its role and biological mechanisms implicated in tumour progression and metastasis have not yet to be elucidated. In particular, it is quite well documented the role of the interaction between the NCAM protein and the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 in metastasis and invasion, especially in the ovarian cancer progression. OBJECTIVE: Here we describe the isolation and preliminary …characterization of a novel human anti-NCAM single chain Fragment variable antibody able to specifically bind NCAM-expressing cells, including epithelial ovarian cancer cells. METHODS: The antibody was isolate by phage display selection and was characterized by ELISA, FACS analysis and SPR experiments. Interference in EOC migration was analyzed by scratch test. RESULTS: It binds a partially linear epitope lying in the membrane proximal region of two fibronectin-like domains with a dissociation constant of 3.43 × 10 - 8 M. Interestingly, it was shown to interfere with the NCAM-FGFR1 binding and to partially decrease migration of EOC cells. CONCLUSIONS: According to our knowledge, this is the first completely human antibody able to interfere with this newly individuated cancer mechanism. Show more

Keywords: NCAM, single-chain variable fragment, phage display, FGFR1, epithelial ovarian cancer

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200431

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-22, 2020

Authors: Faraji, Nafiseh | Ganji, Ahmad | Heshami, Neda | Salehi, Iraj | Haddadian, Ahmad | Shojaie, Shiva | Komaki, Alireza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Diets included high-fat (HFD) and high calories intake is correlated with greater risk of obesity and oxidative stress, which lead to increase the risk of related diseases such as cardiovascular and metabolic disease. In the present study, we have examined the hypolipidemic activity of Hypericum Scabrum extract on HFD fed rats. Fifty-four male Wistar rats divided into six groups: 1) control, 2) H. Scabrum extract (100 mg/kg gavage per day), 3) H. Scabrum extract (300 mg/kg), 4) HFD, 5) HFD and H. Scabrum extract (100 mg/kg), 6) HFD and H. Scabrum extract (300 mg/kg). The …groups were fed their diet and treatment for 3 months. Biochemical analysis showed elevated lipid serum profile in HFD rats compared to control group. H. Scabrum extract supplementation significantly ameliorated triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. H. Scabrum extract supplementation leading to increase HDL-cholesterol in HFD treated groups. This experiment showed that H. Scabrum extract decreased HFD complications and might be beneficial herbal drug for treatment of hyperlipidemia and obesity. Show more

Keywords: High-fat diet, Hypericum Scabrum, obesity, oxidative stress, antioxidant

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200430

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2020

Authors: Samsami, Majid | Mehravaran, Elham | Tabarsi, Payam | Javadi, Abdolreza | Arsang-Jang, Shahram | Komaki, Alireza | Taheri, Mohammad | Ghafouri-Fard, Soudeh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic in early 2020. This infectious disorder has a heterogeneous course ranging from asymptomatic disorder to a critical situation needing intensive cares. In the current study, we present a report of affected patients admitted in a single hospital in Iran. Eighty-two hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were assessed. Demographic, clinical, and paraclinical parameters were gathered and statistically analyzed. The median age (IQR) of the patients was 57.32 (45.75, 70) years. At primary evaluation, fever was present in 45.12% of the affected individuals. The most common clinical symptoms were dyspnea (81.71%) and cough (65.85%). …Totally, 12 (14.63%) and 14 (17.07%) of patients had low and high WBC counts, respectively. Lymphopenia was detected in 36 (43.9%) of patients, while 6 (7.32%) of patients had lymphocytosis. High levels of Il-6 were detected in 4 (4.88%) of patients. CRP levels were elevated in 69 (84.1%) of patients. The median (IQR) of hospitalization was 7 (5, 9) days. Totally, 26 patients (31%) were hospitalized in ICU. All patients were discharged with good health conditions except for one patient who died. The current study shows the heterogeneous clinical manifestations and paraclinical parameters of COVID-19 patients. Show more

Keywords: COVID-19, Iran, demographic data

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200428

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2020

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most burden respiratory diseases outbreak. Moreover, the public health emergency to fight COVID-19 outbreak was stated by world health organization as global health concern since March, 2020. However, there has been significantly increased morbidity and moratlity of the community in worldwide.The objective of the review was to describe and review the global public health significances and community and health care perception on features, treatments, prevention and control methods of the Outbreak to slow transmission. METHODS: In this review, the literatures were searched by following online …databases which include medRxiv, pubmed, medline and Google scholar databases. The ‘COVID-19’, ‘2019 novel coronavirus’, ‘2019-nCoV’, ‘novel coronavirus’and ‘Pneumonia’ key search terms were used to search the literatures. Scientific papers published online by Center for Disease Control (CDC) and WHO from 1 January to 6 May, 2020 in English language were included for analysis. RESULTS: The result of review indicated that COVID-19 is the serious global public health problem. It more affects immune compromised individuals who are living with chronic diseases, aged and pregnant women. The disease spreads rapidly from one country to countries worldwidely. The 212 countries were highlighted the weakened state of essential public health emergency services. The researchers were addressed lack of communities’ perception including health professionals’ against COVID-19. The Show more

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200422

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 is the major public health burden in the world. The disease and death of the global community from corona virus disaes 19 rapidly increasing from time to time worldwide. However, there was a lack of well-organized information about the level of risk, effects, prevention and control methods of the disease. Therefore the aim of this study was to identify and review a published level of risk, effects response to potential health emergencies, prevention, and control methods of Coronavirus Disease 2019 at the global level. METHODS: A systematic review was performed …after literatures were identified by searching the following online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library with supplementary hand searching of conferences. The online databases contain archives of most English biomedical journals. Scientific papers published online by the Center for Disease Control and the World Health Organization were also included for this analysis. The scientific publications from 1 December, 2019 to 13 April 2020. were included. The ‘COVID-19’, ‘2019 novel coronavirus’, ‘2019-nCoV’, ‘novel coronavirus’, and ‘Pneumonia’ key search terms were used in this review. RESULTS: Twenty published articles with reputable journals met the inclusion criteria, representing 20 articles analyses. From these, 11 (55%) in China and 3 (15%) in United State of America. All the 20 were statistical analyses of individual patient data, while 33 used decision-analytic modeling. The overall structures were most commonly described as being Markov (n = 27) but, the methods were heterogeneous. The World Health Organization was reported that most frequently world communities including health care providers were ‘alive’ or ‘dead’, with COVID-19 related outcomes such as hospitalization and other enclosed Show more

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200421

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-20, 2020

Authors: Alemayehu, Yisak Hagos | Seylani, Khatereh | Sharifi, Farshad | Asgari, Parvaneh | Ghorbani, Banafsheh | Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease and dialysis are associated with various complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between health literacy and quality of life among patients receiving hemodialysis in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: In this study, a descriptive – correlational study design with 138 sample size was used. Convenience sampling was used to select the study participants. We collected the data on May-September 2019. Data collection was done using the HELIA and KDQOL SF™. RESULTS: In this study, 133 respondents fully completed the …questioners. The mean score of health literacy of the respondents was 49.03 (± 22.37) while the average score of quality of life of the respondents in this study was 53.01 (± 14.86). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, patients receiving haemodialysis had insufficient health literacy and a better quality of life. In order to address the health literacy needs of the patients, consideration of continuous health education and assessment in this patient subpopulation could gradually improve their health literacy and quality of life. Health care providers such as nurses could improve Health Literacy and substantially Quality of Life through interventions aimed at determining existing literacy needs in the long and short term treatment course for individual dialysis patients. Show more

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, health literacy, quality of life, hemodialysis, health-related quality of life

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200423

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2020

Authors: Gebru, Addis Adera | Birhanu, Tadesse | Wendimu, Eshetu | Ayalew, Agumas Fentahun | Mulat, Selamawit | Abasimel, Hussen Zakir | Kazemi, Ali | Tadesse, Bosenu Abera | Gebru, Beniam Adera | Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta | Zeleke, Nigus Shimelis | Girma, Abebe Gule | Munkhbat, Bulgantsetseg | Yusuf, Qamar Kassim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) is the major public health burden in the world. The morbidity and mortality of global community due to this disease is dramatically increasing from time to time. OBJECTIVE: This situational analysis is aimed to analysis prevalence, and incidence of COVID-19 and to provide clear information about this disease for the scientific community, stakeholders and healthcare practitioners and decision-makers. METHODS: The literatures were identified by searching the key relevant and officially known online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar and PubMed. The online databases contain archives of most English …biomedical journals and scientific papers published online from 31 December to 3 April 2020 were included. After the literature search, articles were screened independently by two reviewers for eligibility. RESULTS: The world continents have confirmed a total of 1,202,320 confirmed COVID-19 cases: (51.2%) in Europe, (27.7%) in North America, (17.9%) in Asia, (1.96%) in South America and at less number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa and Australia which was accounted 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. However, this review showed that there was significantly increased the confirmed COVID-19 cases by 109,555 in Asia, 8,658 in Africa, 332,866 in North America, 20,269 in South America, 568,894 in Europe, 5,051 in Australia and 1,045,403 in the whole world continent except Antarctica during the review period. The overall results showed that there were 1,098,762 cases and 59,172 deaths have recorded from during the review period. The result zero number of deaths with COVID-19 was observed in 66 countries. CONCLUSION: The review concluded that COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 is the major public health burden in the world, the morbidity and mortality of global community is dramatically increasing from time to time. Strongly collaboration among all sectors and then design effective prevention and control strategies which include staying home, social/physical distancing, quarantine, testing of suspected patients, isolation and managing of the confirmed cases. Therefore, the world continents countries should have to implement five major COVID-19 prevention and control programmes as soon as possible at community level. Show more

Keywords: COVID-19, confirmed cases, deaths, prevention and control, review

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200420

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2020

Authors: Erhabor, O. | Erhabor, T. | Adias, T.C. | Okara, G.C. | Retsky, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing a cluster of respiratory infections (Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19) first discovered in Wuhan, China, is responsible for a new illness that has been found to affect the lungs and airways of patients with associated symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath. In the light of few cases recorded so far in West Africa there is tendency for complacency. The region needs to make strategic plans based on available evidence to enable them effectively deal with this rapidly evolving pandemic. At this very moment countries like China, Italy, France, Spain, Iran, UK and …many others are witnessing sustained and intensive community transmission of this virus and increasing numbers of severe disease and death particularly among elderly patients with other comorbidities. The reality of the seriousness of this pandemic is alarming. Government of member states of ECOWAS need to prepare themselves by building capacity as well as implement evidenced-based steps to mitigate this rapidly evolving pandemic by testing persons presenting with symptoms (fever, cough and shortness of breath), isolating and treating those found positive, tracing and quarantining contacts, implementing social distancing as well as optimizing human and material endowment to allow healthcare workers offer safe quality clinical care for affected patients to prevent secondary infection among healthcare workers. Show more

Keywords: Zero tolerance, complacency, government, West Africa, COVID-19 pandemic

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200413

Citation: Human Antibodies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2020