Affiliations: [a] Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Yousif Bakheet Khairalla Hamadalneel, Msc, BCCP, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Intravenous medications have greater complexity and require multiple steps in their preparation and administration, which is considered a high risk for patients. OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of intravenous medications preparation and administration errors in critically ill patients. METHODS:This was an observational, cross-sectional, prospective study design. The study was performed in Wad Medani Emergency Hospital, Sudan . RESULTS:All nurses working at the study setting were observed over nine days. During the study period, a total number of 236 drugs were observed and evaluated. The total error rate was 940 (33.4%), of which 136 (57.6%) errors with no harm, 93 (39.4%) errors with harm and 7 (3%) of errors associated with mortality. 17 different drug categories were involved, in which antibiotic was the highest error rate 104 (44.1%) and 39 different drugs were involved, in which metronidazole was the most drug involved 34 (14.4%). The total error rate was associated with nurse experience, OR (95% CI); 3.235 (1.834–5.706), and nurse education level, OR (95% CI); 0.125 (0.052–0.299). CONCLUSION:The study reported high frequency of IV medications preparation and administration errors. Nurse education level, and experiences were influenced the total errors.
Keywords: Preparation, administration, IV medication, ICU
