Work-related barriers, facilitators, and strategies of breast cancer survivors working during curative treatment

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Sun, Wenjun^a | Chen, Karen^b | Terhaar, Abigail^c | Wiegmann, Douglas A.^a | Heidrich, Susan M.^d | Tevaarwerk, Amye J.^e | Sesto, Mary E.^{a; c; e; f; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA | [b] Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA | [c] Trace Research and Development Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA | [d] School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA | [e] University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA | [f] Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Mary E. Sesto, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705-2281, USA. Tel.: +1 608 263 5697; Fax: +1 608 262 8848; E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Research has identified barriers and facilitators affecting cancer survivors’ return to work (RTW) following the end of active treatment (surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy). However, few studies have focused on barriers and facilitators that cancer survivors experience while working during active treatment. Strategies used by cancer survivors to solve work-related problems during active treatment are underexplored. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe factors that impact, either positively or negatively, breast cancer survivors’ work activities during active treatment. METHODS: Semi-structured, recorded interviews were conducted with 35 breast cancer survivors who worked during active treatment. Transcripts of interviews were analyzed using inductive content analysis to identify themes regarding work-related barriers, facilitators and strategies. RESULTS: Barriers identified included symptoms, emotional distress, appearance change, time constraints, work characteristics, unsupportive supervisors and coworkers, family issues and other illness. Facilitators included positive aspects of work, support outside of work, and coworker and supervisor support. Strategies included activities to improve health-related issues and changes to working conditions and tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer survivors encounter various barriers during active treatment. Several facilitators and strategies can help survivors maintain productive work activities.

Keywords: Content analysis, technology and tools, accommodation, cancer survivor, working during active treatment

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-162449

Journal: Work, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 783-795, 2016