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Article type: Review Article
Authors: Kalski, Lindaa; b; * | Völkel, Lauraa; b | Häußler, Saraha | Wolfarth, Bernda; b
Affiliations: [a] Institute of Sports Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany | [b] Department of Sports Medicine, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Linda Kalski, Institute of Sports Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / Department of Sports Medicine, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin Germany. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected].
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Currently, there is no standard procedure for a return to work (RTW) rehabilitation program used by practitioners. OBJECTIVE:The aim is to investigate the efficacy of occupational rehabilitation programs for workers with back pain. METHODS:Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and full-text articles in a systematic literature search in three databases conducted in 2023. Subsequently, they extracted data according to the PRISMA Statement. RESULTS:Among the 4,010 articles retrieved, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Data from accepted studies were abstracted into tables relating to the RTW, improvement of pain intensity, quality of life (QOL), and degree of disability in persons with back pain. The risk of bias was assessed using the (SIGN)-criteria. Significant improvements in RTW were shown by a workplace intervention with a physical approach and a multidisciplinary intervention but with a wide range of effect sizes. Five studies showed significant improvements in pain intensity and QOL, six studies observed significant improvements in disability. CONCLUSION:The studies that stated positive effects on work-related data differed between intervention programs and traditional care. A combination of activity, maintenance therapy, stretching, and manual therapy showed promising results in improving RTW. In addition, the relationship and mediation between employer/workplace and employee seems to be an important aspect of RTW. However, pain intensity, disability, and QOL were enhanced with interventions that included a high proportion of physical activity. However, the intervention programs differed widely, leading to the assumption that the treatment effect of the intervention programs is not established, yet.
Keywords: Back pain, occupational therapy, return to work, work disability, vocational rehabilitation, workplace intervention
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230277
Journal: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2023
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