Affiliations: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Jumana Ma’touq, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Mobile phones have become an essential component in our life. There are many concerns about the effects of prolonged mobile phone use on the upper extremity. OBJECTIVE:This research aims to investigate the effects of prolonged mobile phone use on the neuromusculoskeletal system of the upper extremity in young adults in Jordan. METHODS:A total of 228 subjects (age = 20.7±1.27 years) participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic variables, mobile phone size, hand/finger used for typing, duration of use daily, and the presence of musculoskeletal pain/syndromes and their location. RESULTS:Statistically significant relations (p < 0.05) were found between the prolonged use of mobile phones and self-reported pain in neck/upper back, hands, and symptoms of cubital syndrome; between smaller hand-to-phone ratio and pain in neck/upper back and shoulders with the higher frequency of pain in females. Females and subjects with a smaller hand-to-phone ratio tend to use two hands (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The results show an association between mobile phone use and self-reported pain. This study provides guidance for mobile phone manufacturers and regulatory agencies on the potential effects, the need for awareness programs that alert to musculoskeletal complaints, choosing the appropriate mobile phone, and changing using habits. Further investigations on a larger sample with quantitative measures on the kinematics and muscular activities are necessary to generalize and better interpret the results.
