Affiliations: [a] School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia | [b] School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia | [c] Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia | [d] Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia | [e] Occupational Therapy Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia | [f] School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, QLD, Australia | [g] Occupational Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia | [h] Occupational Therapy Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia | [i] John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Correspondence:
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Correspondence to: Julia Schmidt, Australian Catholic University, 40 Edward Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia. Tel.: +62 2 9739 2863; [email protected]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Video feedback interventions have been found to improve self-awareness and occupational performance to a greater extent than other feedback interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it is unclear whether the effects of video feedback are maintained over time.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the maintenance of gains in self-awareness achieved with a video feedback intervention in people with TBI.
METHODS: There were 32 participants with TBI and impaired self-awareness who had completed a randomized controlled trial with three feedback conditions (video plus verbal, verbal and experiential). Eight to ten weeks after the final feedback intervention session, a follow-up assessment was conducted. The primary outcome was maintenance of gains in online awareness measured by the number of errors made during a meal preparation task. Group outcomes were compared using an unstructured linear mixed regression model.
RESULTS: The video plus verbal feedback group continued to demonstrate significantly greater gains in online awareness compared to the verbal feedback group (mean difference 20.6, 95% CI 8.8 to 32.3) and the experiential feedback group (mean difference 14.4, 95% CI 3.1 to 25.6). There was no significant impact of the interventions on participants’ emotional status at the 8 to 10 week follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: A combination of video plus verbal feedback is an effective technique for achieving maintained gains in self-awareness in people with TBI.
