Continuous passive motion in adhesive capsulitis patients with diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Ekim, Ayşe Aydemir^{a; *} | İnal, Esra Erkol^b | Gönüllü, Emel^c | Hamarat, Hatice^d | Yorulmaz, Göknur^e | Mumcu, Gamze^a | Yılmazer, Şebnem^a | Kaya, Dilek Serin^a | Kuzgun, Selen^a | Çolak, Ertuǧrul^f | Orhan, Hikmet^g

Affiliations: [a] Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Zübeyde Hanım Campus, Eskişehir Public Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey | [b] Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey | [c] Department of Rheumatology, Eskişehir Public Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey | [d] Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir Public Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey | [e] Department of Endocrinology, Eskişehir Public Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey | [f] Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey | [g] Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Ayşe Aydemir Ekim, Eskişehir Public Hospital, Zübeyde Hanım Campus, Eskişehir, Turkey. Tel.: +90 2222242000; GSM: +90 5355604225; Fax: +90 2222500149; E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of continuous passive motion (CPM) treatment on adhesive capsulitis (AC) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS: Forty-one DM patients with AC were randomized to two treatment groups. The first group (n= 20) (CPM group) received CPM treatments; the second group (n= 21) had conventional physical therapy (CPT group), including active stretching, range of motion (ROM) and pendulum exercises. All patients received electrotherapy. After a four-week-long physical therapy program, the patients were instructed to continue with an eight-week home exercise program. The patients rated the pain they felt at night, both while at rest and in motion, in the past week using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Functional outcome evaluations were performed using the Constant Shoulder Score (CSS) and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). All patients were evaluated at baseline, and during the fourth and twelfth weeks of the study. RESULTS: There were significant improvements in both groups' active and passive ROM for the shoulder, VAS measures, SPADI pain and disability scores and CSS, and excluding the active and passive internal and external rotation of shoulder increased with both treatment methods (CPM or CPT) over time (p< 0.001), however these differences were found to be prominent in patients receiving CPM therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Both the CPM and CPT therapies seemed to be beneficial for the treatment of AC in DM patients, however CPM revealed more distinctive improvements in the function and pain levels of the AC patients.

Keywords: Shoulder pain, frozen shoulder, continuous passive motion, physical therapy

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-160689

Journal: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 779-786, 2016