The effectiveness of proprioceptive and neuromuscular training compared to bracing in reducing the recurrence rate of ankle sprains in athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Burger, M.^* | Dreyer, D. | Fisher, R.L. | Foot, D. | O’Connor, D.H. | Galante, M. | Zalgaonkir, S.

Affiliations: Physiotherapy Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Marlette Burger, Physiotherapy Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Tel.: +27 21 9389303 (w)/ cell: 082 2245994; E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ankle sprains are common musculoskeletal injuries in which the ligaments of the ankle partially or completely tear due to sudden stretching. OBJECTIVES: To critically appraise, evaluate and establish the best available evidence to determine the effectiveness of proprioceptive and neuromuscular training (PNT) compared to bracing in reducing the recurrence rate of ankle sprains in athletes. METHODOLOGY: The following seven databases were searched in June 2017: PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, EBSCO Host: CINAHL. The main search terms used were “ankle sprains”, “proprioceptive training”, “neuromuscular training” and “bracing”. The quality of the trials were critically appraised according to the PEDro scale. The RevMan 5© software was used to pool results. RESULTS: Three studies met the inclusion criteria and the quality according to the PEDro scale ranged from 4/10–7/10. The pooled data showed no difference between PNT and bracing in reducing the recurrence rate of ankle sprains in athletes at 12 months after initiation of the study. CONCLUSION: This systematic review of the overall effect suggested that current evidence (Level II) does not favour the use of PNT over bracing in reducing the recurrence rate of ankle sprains. Physiotherapists are advised to use either PNT or bracing according to the patients preference and their own expertise.

Keywords: Ankle sprains, proprioceptive training, neuromuscular training, bracing

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-170804

Journal: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 221-229, 2018