Affiliations: Health & Bioscience Laboratories, Meiji Seika
Kaisha Ltd., 5-3-1, Chiyoda Sakado 350-0289, Japan. Tel.: +81 492 84 7596;
Fax: +81 492 84 7598; E-mail: naomi_osakabe@meiji co.jp | Pathophysiology Research Team, National Institute for
Environmental Studies Japan | First Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural
University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Note: [] Corresponding author
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to determine whether oral
supplementation with rosmarinic acid (RA) is an effective intervention for
patients with SAR. In addition, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of RA also
estimated in the ear edema models. Clinical trial: Patients were treated
daily with RA (200 mg or 50 mg) or placebo for 21 days. Patients recorded
symptoms daily and profiles of infiltrating cells and concentration of
cytokines were measured in nasal lavage fluid. Compared to placebo,
supplementation with RA resulted in a significant decrease in responder rates
for each symptom. RA also significantly decreased the numbers of neutrophils
and eosinophils in nasal lavage fluid. Animal Study: Topical application
RA showed anti-inflammatory activity 5-hours after 12-tetradecanoylphorbol
13-acetate (TPA) treatment with marked inhibition of neutrophil infiltration.
Up regulation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), KC and MIP-2 by TPA
were markedly reduced by pre-treatment with extract of perilla (PE) or RA.
Reactive oxygen radical production detected as thiobarbituric acid reactive
substance (TBARS), lipid peroxide (LPO) and 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine
(8OH-dG), by double treatment of TPA was reduced by pretreatment with PE or RA.
RA is an effective intervention for SAR that is mediated by inhibition of PMNL
infiltration. This effect of RA is due to two independent mechanisms:
inhibition of the inflammatory response and scavenging of ROS.
