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Price: EUR 250.00Authors: Wickens, Christine M. | Mann, Robert E. | Stoduto, Gina | Toccalino, Danielle | Colantonio, Angela | Chan, Vincy
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can profoundly impact overall health, employment, and family life. Incidence of mTBI in the workplace represents an important subgroup with poorer outcomes. Mental health (MH) and substance use (SU) challenges are a primary correlate of TBI, but are rarely assessed among individuals with a work-related (wr)-mTBI, particularly at a population-level. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the association between lifetime wr-mTBI and non-wr-mTBI and the experience of MH and SU challenges. METHODS: The 2019 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Monitor is a cross-sectional telephone survey …of adults aged≥18 years in Ontario, Canada, employing a stratified (six regions) two-stage (telephone number, respondent) list-assisted random digit dialing probability selection procedure (N = 1792). Adjusting for sociodemographic variables, binary logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between lifetime wr-mTBI and non-wr-mTBI (relative to no TBI) and four outcomes: hazardous use of alcohol and of cannabis, psychological distress, and fair/poor mental health. RESULTS: Adjusting for sociodemographic variables, non-wr-mTBI demonstrated increased odds of hazardous alcohol (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.41, 3.19) and cannabis use (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.05, 2.45), psychological distress (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.49), and fair/poor mental health (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.11, 2.59). Lifetime wr-mTBI demonstrated increased odds of reporting psychological distress (AOR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.93, 5.97) and fair/poor mental health (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.12, 4.19) only. CONCLUSIONS: Non-wr-mTBI was associated with both MH and SU, whereas wr-mTBI was associated with MH only. MH outcomes were more strongly associated with wr-mTBI than non-wr-mTBI. Physicians, employers, and insurers need to consider the potential association between wr-mTBI and MH, and provide care accordingly. Show more
Keywords: Brain injuries, traumatic, workplace, mental health, psychological distress, substance-related disorders, ethanol, cannabis
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230418
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Araújo, Patrícia da Silva | Nogueira, Wynne Pereira | Freire, Maria Eliane Moreira | Barroso, Barbara Iansã de Lima | Barreto, Anne Jaquelyne Roque | Silva, Ana Cristina de Oliveira e
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted by biological, socioeconomic and cultural factors that increase the vulnerability of certain population groups such as civil construction workers. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of workers in the construction industry about infection by HIV and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted, including 381 construction workers, in the cities of João Pessoa, Cabedelo, and Santa Rita, in the State of Paraíba, Brazil, performed through interviews, using a data collection instrument with social demographic variables and the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire. …Data were analyzed using descriptive measures, and for comparison between the categories the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, with margin of error of 5% . RESULTS: A predominance of male workers was observed (97.4%) among 381 workers; aged 30-39 (34.1%); married (81.4%); with up to eight years of education (66.6%); family income of up to 2x the minimum wage (52.8%) and coming from the country (43.8%). The average of correct responses was 63.3%, with higher indices (70.0%) related to transmission and forms of prevention. There were higher percentages of hits among those who had studied for 12 years or more. Workers from the capital of Paraíba presented a higher number of correct responses (67.44%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a low index of knowledge of construction workers about HIV, highlighting their consequent vulnerability to acquiring this infection. Show more
Keywords: Operators, health education, sexual vulnerability, sexually transmitted diseases
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220636
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Gümüşsoy, Süreyya | Keskin, Gülseren | Öztürk, Ruşen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the physical, mental, and social well-being of humans worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and mental state of female employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 726 participants. Data was collected using the Personal Information Form, fear of COVID-19 scale, and brief symptom inventory. RESULTS: The fear experienced by women during the social isolation and quarantine period was associated with depression, anxiety, somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety and …paranoid experiences. CONCLUSION: Women, young people, the elderly and single individuals were most likely affected psychologically during the pandemic. Thus, interventions and psychological evaluations are recommended at an early stage to minimize this effect. Such interventions must be implemented considering the strategic planning and coordination of risk groups. Show more
Keywords: Fear, coronavirus, psychology, female, employees
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230306
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Mokhtarinia, Hamidreza | Alimohammadi, Bahar | Sadeghi-Yarandi, Mohsen | Torabi-Gudarzi, Salman | Soltanzadeh, Ahmad | Nikbakht, Neda
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) is a multi-factorial disorder in most occupational setting and it has increased significantly in recent years. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical, cognitive, and environmental factors of ergonomics with the prevalence of WRMSDs in a car-parts manufacturing industry METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed among 220 workers in a milling unit of a car parts manufacturing company in 2021-2022. The prevalence of WRMSDs was assessed using the Extended Version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Noise exposure was evaluated using dosimetry method. Mental and physical …workload were evaluated by the NASA-TLX and key index methods (KIM-MHO and KIM-LHC), respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS: The subjects’ mean age and work experience were 36.3±6.5 and 8.35±6.41 years, respectively. Eighty-five percent of the subjects reported WRMSDs in at least one area of the body. The results of mental workload assessment revealed a high workload mean range (73.23±14.89) in all of the subjects. Mean score of KIM-LHC and KIM-MHO were 738.18±336.42 and 201.86±36.41, respectively with odds ratio of 1.32 for KIM-LHC in creating the WRMSDs. There was a significant relationship between the noise exposure, mental and physical workload and the prevalence of WRMSDs (p -value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study revealed that environmental, physical and cognitive factors can simultaneously be effective in the prevalence of WRMSDs. Therefore, performing effective control measures requires comprehensive attention to physical, environmental, and cognitive ergonomics in the algorithm of ergonomics management in the workplace. Show more
Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, noise exposure, ergonomic risk factor, mental workload, physical workload
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230155
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Alam, Beenish Fatima | Abbasi, Nabeela | Han, Bing | Fahim, Faisal | Ali, Muhammad Iftikhar | Mehmood, Muhammad Awais
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic had disrupted the teaching in most of the educational institutes worldwide. It has tested the readiness of educational institutes in their ability to deal with crisis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the perception of health sciences faculty toward online education during the period of pandemic in Pakistan. METHODS: This cross-sectional research determined the perception using online survey which had been taken from the study conducted by Almahasees et al. Questions related to faculty’s perception regarding IT skills, online classes taking more effort than on-campus learning, online platforms having adequate …tools to facilitate teaching. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Statistical tests comprised of descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Walli’s test. RESULTS: From a total of 318 participants, there were 234 females and 84 males. A statistically significant association was identified between field of specialization and competency to teach online (p = 0.022). Faculty stated that more efforts were required to teach online (p < 0.001). Most of the tutors reported virtual sessions helped improved the interaction with their students (p < 0.001). Most of the time faculty had to prompt students to complete their assignments on time (p < 0.001). Many of the faculty members disagreed that delivering virtual sessions from home was quite ineffective (p = 0.221) and reported experiencing distractions (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that online learning proved less effective than face-to-face learning. The main drawback of distance learning was the lack of teacher-student interaction. Online learning promotes student-centered learning and could be applied in situations of crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Show more
Keywords: Healthcare faculty, online education, experience, pandemic
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230248
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Srinivasan, Vignesh | Ruthuvalan, Varalakshmi | Raja, Sakthi | Jayaraj, Vanitha | Sridhar, Swathi | Kothandaraman, Muthulakshmi | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Abathsagayam, Kumaresan | Vishnuram, Surya | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Excessive fear, worry and behavioral disturbances define anxiety, with particular significance attributed to vagal nerve, a crucial transmitter of information to the brain regions governing anxiety. Highlighting the importance of vagal nerve, transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) emerges as a tolerable and safe technique. The success of non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation in alleviating anxiety underscores the pivotal role of the vagal nerve. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in mitigating anxiety among retired teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the relevance of targeting the vagal nerve …for improved mental well-being. METHODS: 60 retired teachers diagnosed with anxiety were chosen through random allocation. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (Experimental group) received transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS), and Group B (Control group) underwent the Jacobson relaxation technique. Intervention period spanned 4 weeks, with four sessions per week, lasting 30 minutes. The outcome measures included Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire and salivary cortisol levels. RESULTS: Following the 4-week intervention, both groups exhibited a significant reduction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and salivary cortisol levels (P < 0.001). Notably, Group A demonstrated a significantly higher effectiveness rate compared to Group B. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) is effective in reducing anxiety among retired teachers. Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) proves to be a powerful and effective intervention in alleviating anxiety among retired teachers, emphasizing its potential significance in enhancing mental well-being. Show more
Keywords: Anxiety, vagal nerve stimulation, COVID-19 Pandemic, transcutaneous, autonomic nervous system, salivary cortisol, Generalized AnxietyDisorder-7 (GAD-7)
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230356
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Gülşah, Barğı | Suner-Keklik, Sinem
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: During COVID-19 pandemic, physical inactivity and inactivity-related health problems have deepened in many individuals, including office workers. It is not yet known whether there are exercise programs through telerehabilitation that will provide rapid relief in a short time in office workers who apply part or full-time teleworking system. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively investigate influences of short-term upper extremity exercise trainings (UEET) on pain, musculoskeletal discomforts (MSD), physical activity (PA), mood, and quality of life (QOL) in office workers during COVID-19 restrictions. METHODS: Thirty office workers were divided into exercise (EG) (UEET and walking advice) and control …(CG) (walking advice) groups. The UEET was applied for at least 20–40 minutes/day, 5–7 days/week for a one week between February 2022 and June 2022. Office workers’ pain, MSD, PA level, mood and QOL were measured. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of groups (EG: 37.8±7.04 years, CG: 41.6±7.97 years) were similar (p > 0.05). Following UEET, scores of office workers in EG on total step count, vigorous PA, moderate-intensity PA, walking, total PA, physical functioning, and body pain subscales of QOL significantly increased compared to scores of office workers in CG, while scores on neck, back and hip discomforts and anxiety and depression significantly decreased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: One-week UEET and walking advice can improve office workers’ daily step counts, MSD, PA levels, mood, and QOL. Office workers who have a busy work schedule may do these UEET and walking exercises in break times to relieve perception of discomfort. Show more
Keywords: Exercise, occupational groups, pain, quality of life, telerehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230190
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Salmani, Roghayeh | Rezakhani moghaddam, Hamed | Mousazadeh, Yalda
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the changing environment and responding to the needs of the society, change in the traditional education system is inevitable. Also, the occurrence of events such as the COVID-19 pandemic showed that the existence of a virtual education system to prevent the cessation of education is the need of today’s society. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the students’ experiences of virtual education in Iranian universities of medical sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted on 28 students studying in Iranian universities of medical …sciences from October 2021 to January 2022 to investigate their experiences of virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected by purposive sampling. An interpretive phenomenological approach and semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interview were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by Colizzi’s seven-step method. RESULTS: Students’ experiences of virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic were categorized into three themes and seven sub-themes, including the strengths of virtual education (sub-themes: individual and educational dimensions), the weaknesses of virtual education (sub-themes: infrastructural, educational, tests and assignments fields), and suggestions to improve education virtual (sub-themes: infrastructural development and educational planning). CONCLUSION: According to the study results, the virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic led to students staying away from the crowded centers. However, some weaknesses were also mentioned by the participants. Therefore, by anticipating requirements and needs, planning and policy making, and seriously reviewing human, financial, and support resources, virtual education can be developed and used as a supplement to face-to-face education in the future. Show more
Keywords: Covid-19, qualitative study, phenomenology, student, virtual education
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230328
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Aras, Fatih Mehmet | Gümüşsoy, Süreyya
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, pre-hospital emergency healthcare workers (PHEHW) assumed critical responsibilities in controlling and preventing the spread of the virus. OBJECTIVE: This descriptive study aimed to explore the emotional burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave among PHEHW during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The study was conducted with 401 emergency medical technicians and paramedics. The Sociodemographic Data Form, the Emotional Burnout Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, the Intention to Leave the Profession Scale were used to collect data. The findings were assessed with a significance level set at …p < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The participants demonstrated moderate scores in emotional burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the profession. The analysis revealed a negative correlation, indicating that as emotional burnout increased, job satisfaction decreased, and the intention to leave the profession heightened. Notably, the participants who had 6–9 years of service, lacked knowledge about COVID-19, had no COVID-19 training, underwent COVID-19 testing, and experienced the loss of a healthcare worker due to COVID-19 exhibited higher levels of burnout. Furthermore, those who had 6–9 years of service, lacked knowledge about COVID-19, had no COVID-19 training, and lost a healthcare worker due to COVID-19 reported lower levels of job satisfaction. Additionally, participants who had 6-9 years of service, lacked knowledge about COVID-19, had no COVID-19 training, and experienced the loss of a healthcare worker due to COVID-19 displayed a greater intention to leave the profession. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to implement improvement initiatives that will increase the motivation and job satisfaction of PHEHW. These include the regulation of working hours and shifts, augmenting staff numbers, enhancing working conditions, improving salaries, and implementing strategies aimed at fostering motivation and job satisfaction. Show more
Keywords: Pandemic, COVID-19, pre-hospital emergency healthcare workers, emotional burnout, job satisfaction, intention to leave the profession
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230589
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: van Niekerk, Lana | Claassens, Nicheri | Fish, Jenna | Foiret, Chanel | Franckeiss, Jenna | Thesnaar, Lomarie
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unemployment and restricted work opportunities for youth are enduring social challenges that affect health, well-being, and quality of life, especially in low- to middle-income countries. When considering the advantages associated with work as a determinant of health, unemployment is understood to contribute to occupational injustice. However, self-employment, hailed the solution to youth unemployment, is often necessity-driven, precarious in nature and restricted by the low success rate of business start-ups. OBJECTIVE: Research was undertaken to explore factors perceived to contribute to the success of start-up businesses in an informal settlement in the Western Cape of South …Africa. The importance of support in the success of business start-ups will be the focus of this article. METHODS: A collective case study, using narrative interviewing and - analysis, was undertaken in South Africa. Two narrative interviews were conducted with each of the five participants who were youth entrepreneurs and founders of start-up businesses. Data analysis comprised the use of narrative analysis and paradigmatic type narrative analysis. RESULTS: Three themes captured factors deemed to have contributed to the success of start-up businesses. The vital role of support systems and networks in business success was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Support systems included family, friends, role models, mentors, team members and business partners. Identification, utilization, and ongoing development of support structures available in the social networks of young entrepreneurs were perceived to have contributed to the success of start-ups. Show more
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, microenterprise, small business, work, youth, unemployment
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230527
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
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