Work - Volume 67, issue 2

Authors: Regel, Eva Anna | Forneck, Astrid | Quendler, Elisabeth

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The need for qualified employees in wineries leads to a gain in importance of human resource management in the wine industry. Knowledge on job satisfaction of employees in wineries and cooperatives as well as research in human resource management is rare. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this qualitative study is to find aspects affecting job satisfaction of employees in Austrian and German wineries. These identified aspects were analysed with regard to the perceived satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the employees. METHOD: Sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted in Austria and Germany with employed winemakers, production managers and vineyard …managers. RESULTS: Aspects of job satisfaction which were found in agricultural studies were validated for employees in wineries. In addition to these influencing factors of job satisfaction, interviewed workers mentioned other important aspects, such as equality issues, development of the company and attachment to the final product, which affect their job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The positive image of the product wine, the wine sector and the profession contributes to a high job satisfaction overall. The personal interest in wine is one of the major factors of job satisfaction. It reduces dissatisfaction with remuneration, monotonous work processes and long working hours. However, employees in wineries saw problems in reconciling family life and work. Furthermore, employees complained about physical strains leading to possible changes in job or position. Show more

Keywords: Human resource management, wine industry, grounded theory, interviews

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203296

Citation: Work, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 467-475, 2020

Authors: Salmani Nodooshan, H. | Rastipisheh, P. | Yadegarfar, G. | Daneshmandi, H. | Alighanbari, N. | Taheri, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stress at work is an important issue among hospital attendants. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine psychosocial stressors in the work environment and assess their impacts on WMSD symptoms among hospital attendants in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 198 hospital attendants from Shiraz. The study data were collected using a basic demographic questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Persian version of Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (F-ERIQ), and an individual risk assessment (Evaluación del Riesgo Individual [ERIN]). The data were entered into SPSS version 16 and analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, …and Spearman’s correlation tests. RESULTS: The prevalence of WMSD symptoms was 29.8% in the lower back, 25.3% in knees, and 20.7% in ankles/feet. Posture analysis by the ERIN technique demonstrated that 95.5% of the postures were high risk for WMSDs. F-ERIQ identified that 83.4% of the hospital attendants belonged to the “1 < ER-ratio” category. Besides, the “effort” subscale of the F-ERIQ was significantly associated with reporting of MSD symptoms in the neck, shoulders, wrists/hands, and lower back. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between effort (r = 0.367, p  = 0.028), esteem (r = –0.273, p  = 0.041), security (r = –0.253, p  = 0.045), and over-commitment (r = 0.301, p  = 0.019) and the total score of the ERIN technique. CONCLUSION: Intervention programs and coping strategies for reduction of work-related stress and, subsequently, prevention of WMSD symptoms are recommended among hospital attendants. Show more

Keywords: Effort, posture, workload, reward, healthcare

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203297

Citation: Work, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 477-486, 2020

Authors: Senna, Pedro | da Cunha Reis, Augusto | Castro, Alexandre | Dias, Ana Claudia

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies concerning supply chain management have shown that topics such as supply chain risk management (SCRM) and supply chain resilience (SCRes) are the new trends in supply chain management. Initial studies in the early 2000s developed frameworks to identify, measure and mitigate risks and assess/evaluate the degree of resilience of a company or supply chain. Recently, a large variety of studies has emerged, including more conceptual and review studies as well as more sophisticated, quantitative studies. However, studies on human-related factors are still lacking, and there is no systematic method to answer questions such as “What literature is …available concerning human factors related to SCRM and SCRes?”, “Which human factors contribute to SCRes?” and “Which human factor can amplify SC Risks?” OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this paper is to conduct a systematic literature review to identify human factors that impact supply chain resilience and supply chain risk management. METHOD: This study was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. The objective of using this review protocol is to ensure that the review has the minimum amount of bias due to research expectations. RESULTS: This study highlighted a summary of human-related risk and resilience factors as well as a discussion about these preliminary findings. CONCLUSIONS: As our main conclusion, we highlight that human factors may generate significant risks in the supply chain, nevertheless, there are other human factors that must be nourished to obtain SCRes. Show more

Keywords: Human-related risks, systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203298

Citation: Work, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 487-498, 2020

Authors: Lek, J. | Vendrig, A.A. | Schaafsma, F.G.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Entrepreneurs may have to deal with different psychosocial risk factors than employees. Understanding relevant psychosocial risk factors for entrepreneurs is important for occupational health practice to develop effective measures to prevent work disability. This knowledge will be used to adjust the Work and Wellbeing Inventory an existing screening tool for employees. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to explore psychosocial risk factors and relevant personality traits to adjust and further develop the Work and Wellbeing Inventory to predict work disability for entrepreneurs. METHODS: In a qualitative explorative study, we interviewed 17 entrepreneurs varying in type of business …and demographic background. By semi-structured face-to-face interviews, we explored their experiences with psychosocial risk factors related to entrepreneurship. Transcripts were analyzed by qualitatively coding procedures and constant comparative methods. RESULTS: According to these entrepreneurs financial insecurity, conflict of interest, large responsibility, high number of working hours, managing tasks, and administrative burden were the major themes they had to deal with. Relevant personality traits for successful entrepreneurship were stress resistance, being all round, flexible, a good communicator, good leadership, and being able to set limits. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study are relevant for occupational health practice focusing on the wellbeing of entrepreneurs, and will be used to adjust items in the Work and Wellbeing Inventory. Show more

Keywords: Self-employed, work and wellbeing inventory, work disability, occupational health practice, prevention

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203299

Citation: Work, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 499-506, 2020

Authors: Turner, Niall | Ferguson, Lisa | Hill, Michele | Nesbitt, Tara | O’Callaghan, Eadbhard | O’Mahony, Paul | Clarke, Mary

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: While research indicates that people with serious mental health conditions want to work, few studies have examined motivation and concerns associated with employment. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the work attitudes among two samples of Irish people with psychotic conditions, primarily schizophrenia. METHODS: Data gathered through two work related research projects was used. A self-report instrument, the work motivation scale (WMS), gathered data in two separate studies. It was possible to examine participants’ motives and concerns due to the two factor structure, positive and negative, of this scale. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted for each of …the two samples individually. A sub-analysis by gender was also conducted. RESULTS: Across the two samples, analysis showed the consistent motivators were increased coping ability, improved self-identity, and enhanced self-worth. Men particularly wanted others to see them as good workers. On the other hand, women regarded a job as a means to forget about having a mental illness. A sizeable minority in both samples expressed apprehensions such as work being boring and an expectation from others that they should work rather than them being personally motivated to do so. CONCLUSIONS: While caution must be exercised in interpreting the results due to the small sample size, this study has extended our understanding in this under-researched but important topic. Show more

Keywords: Work motivation scale, psychosis, men’s attitudes to work, women’s attitude to work, mental illness, employment, schizophrenia

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203300

Citation: Work, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 507-515, 2020