NeuroRehabilitation - Volume 8, issue 1

Authors: Johnstone, Brick | Frank, Robert G.

Article Type: Introduction

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8101

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1-2, 1997

Authors: Parente, Rick | Stapleton, Mary

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In a rapidly evolving field such as Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy (CRT), it is important for practitioners to be fully acquainted with the history and efficacy of their discipline. This review traces the development of Cognitive Rehabilitation over the past century and describes the status of CRT today. The authors describe various methods of Cognitive Remediation that are in current use along with several developmental issues that have influenced the field over the years. Other issues such as the efficacy of CRT and who these techniques are designed to help are also addressed. The conclusion is that Cognitive Remediation has developed …to the point where it can now provide efficacious treatment for a variety of different cognitive disorders. Show more

Keywords: Cognitive rehabilitation, Cognitive remediation, History

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8102

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 3-11, 1997

Authors: Cicerone, Keith D.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Cognitive rehabilitation has evolved to be a common clinical practice, despite questions regarding the scientific basis for its effectiveness. A selective interpretation of existing studies suggests that non-specific treatment factors play an important role in the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation. Some future directions for the science and practice of cognitive rehabilitation are discussed.

Keywords: Cognition, Cognitive remediation, Neuropsychological rehabilitation, Rehabilitation

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8103

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 13-19, 1997

Authors: Holland, Daniel | Hogg, John | Farmer, Janet

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Cognitive rehabilitation is a promising and necessary component of interdisciplinary treatment for brain injured patients, but it remains an area that lacks universal definitions, empirically validated constructs, or standards of practice. This situation leads to difficulties for interdisciplinary teams in cognitive rehabilitation settings, since definitions, conceptions, and labels of cognitive constructs can differ across team members and disciplines. In order to implement effective cognitive rehabilitation in a given setting, it is necessary to establish a set of ‘community standards’ that will compensate for the lack of universal standards in the broader cognitive rehabilitation landscape. These community standards will improve team …functioning by facilitating communication between disciplines and identifying the team's preferred treatment strategies. Such a project was undertaken by a task force at the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Rusk Rehabilitation Center. The process of establishing such a task force and the need for establishing community standards are described and outlined. Show more

Keywords: Cognitive rehabilitation, Interdisciplinary team, Treatment planning

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8104

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 21-29, 1997

Authors: Hanson, Carolyn S. | Shechtman, Orit | Jackson Foss, Joanne | Krauss-Hooker, Alice

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A significant relationship exists between cognitive abilities and functional performance in activities of daily living. Occupational therapists are involved in providing cognitive rehabilitation to individuals with brain damage by assisting them in fulfilling self-care, work and leisure roles. Since occupational therapists specialize in functioning in the real world, they should have a primary role on the interdisciplinary team in assessing and treating cognition as it relates to function. Particular areas of expertise include assessment and intervention in daily living tasks, safety issues and cognitive/perceptual dysfunction. Treatment strategies in occupational therapy are classified into two approaches: remedial and compensatory. A combination …of the two approaches has been found to be the most beneficial method of intervention. Though current training guidelines for occupational therapists in cognitive rehabilitation are vague, the major focus has been on evaluating functional status and intervening when cognitive/perceptual deficits are present. Future training for practitioners in this area will require more specialized experiences and education. Additional research will need to be conducted by therapists to document treatment efficacy. Despite current health care constraints, occupational therapists must not lose sight of delivering quality care in an individualized and holistic manner. Show more

Keywords: Cognitive function, Cognitive/perceptual skills, Occupational roles, Intervention approaches

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8105

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 31-41, 1997

Authors: Iacarino, Judith

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Cognitive rehabilitation has been provided by a diverse group of professionals, raising the questions of ‘boundaries’ in provision of services. In this era of managed care and accountability, appropriate distinctions must be made relative to skill sets specific to disciplines. Current training guidelines and proposed future guidelines are presented, as well as suggested practice boundaries for the speech-language pathologist. Proposed changes in treatment delivery are also discussed.

Keywords: Cognitive rehabilitation, Cognitive-communication impairment

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8106

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 43-48, 1997

Authors: Bergquist, Thomas F. | Malec, James F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Psychology has a primary role in cognitive rehabilitation along with other disciplines, but may be best qualified for evaluating specific cognitive abilities directing, cognitive-behavioral intervention programs, and measuring outcomes. Several specialties within psychology provide cognitive rehabilitation services; however, current training guidelines are not specific enough to ensure adequate training. These specialties all have areas of strength and limitations, but none of them has published guidelines specific to training in cognitive rehabilitation. In this paper we critique current guidelines, and make suggestions for training to be followed for those psychologists conducting CR.

Keywords: Professional Psychology, Cognitive Rehabilitation, Training Guidelines

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8107

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 49-56, 1997

Authors: Johnstone, Brick | Schopp, Laura H. | Frank, Robert G.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Managed care has affected the delivery of services in all health care sectors, although its impact on rehabilitation has been slower to take effect. These changes have required clinicians to provide more efficient services that are demonstrated to have an impact on functional outcome. However, in order to be reimbursed for specific rehabilitation services, such as cognitive rehabilitation, it is necessary for clinicians to become more knowledgeable regarding managed care, service delivery, and reimbursement issues. This article describes the impact of managed care on health care in general and on rehabilitation specifically. In addition, current billing procedures and reimbursement issues …as they relate to cognitive rehabilitation are discussed, and suggestions for ways to secure reimbursement are presented for all disciplines providing cognitive rehabilitation services. Show more

Keywords: TBI, cognitive rehabilitation, Managed care, Rehabilitation

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-1997-8108

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 57-65, 1997