Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Li, Hui | Hu, Ying | Gan, Lin | Wang, YiXuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: An osteoporotic fracture (OPF) can significantly affect patients’ activities of daily living (ADLs). OBJECTIVE: This study observed the effects of evidence-based nursing (EBN) on the occurrence of postoperative complications and ADLs in patients with a vertebral OPF. METHODS: A total of 90 patients with vertebral OPF were divided into two groups. The conventional orthopedic nursing method was conducted for the control group, and the EBN model was delivered for the observation group. RESULTS: Differences in the Barthel index (BI) score on the first day of admission were not statistically …significant between the two groups. The BI scores on the day before discharge, compared with the day of admission, had improved in both groups. The BI score on the day before discharge was 83.67 ± 6.94 in the observation group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) compared with the control group (76.56 ± 6.89). The rate of satisfaction with nursing in the observation group (100.0%) was significantly higher than in the control group (82.2%) (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group (2.2%) was significantly lower than in the control group (24.4%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of EBN in patients with vertebral OPF improved the postoperative ADLs, reduced the incidence of postoperative complications, and improved the patients’ satisfaction with nursing. Show more

Keywords: Osteoporotic fracture, evidence-based nursing, activities of daily living, postoperative complication, observation of clinical effectiveness

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220161

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2022

Authors: Cagnie, Barbara | Castien, Rene | Scholten-Peeters, Gwendolyne G.M.

Article Type: Case Report

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2020, a revised version of the International IFOMPT Cervical Framework was published. This framework provides both physical therapists and educators the necessary information to guide the assessment of the cervical spine region for potential vascular pathologies of the neck in advance of planned Orthopaedic Manual Therapy (OMT) interventions. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop a framework flowchart which is useful in clinical practice and education to assist physical therapists to improve the safety of OMT, and apply this in a case report. METHODS: The framework was developed in co-creation with manual …therapy experts, researchers, educators in manual therapy, patients, medical specialists and the Manual Therapy Association in The Netherlands and Belgium. Manual therapists and patients tested the framework for intelligibility and usefulness. RESULTS: A framework flowchart is developed and presented, that is easy to use in both clinical practice and education. It is a visual representation of the sequence of steps and decisions needed during the process. A case description of a patient with neck pain and headache is added to illustrate the clinical usefulness of the framework flowchart. CONCLUSION: The framework flowchart helps physical therapists in their clinical reasoning to provide safe OMT interventions. Show more

Keywords: Clinical reasoning, algorithm, manipulative therapy, neck, adverse events

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220155

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2022

Authors: Dudoniene, Vilma | Balnytė, Milda | Kuisma, Raija

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common condition amongst athletes as well as in non-sporting population. It is characterised by a sharp pain under the calcaneus during walking. The impact of pain due to PF on gait and static balance is examined in this observational study. OBJECTIVE: To compare gait and balance between individuals with PF and age-matched controls without PF. METHOD: A cross-sectional observational study was executed in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Centre. Twenty-nine participants were included, 14 with PF, and 15 age-matched healthy asymptomatic individuals. Main outcome measures were foot pain, foot …function index (FFI), static balance measured with modified Romberg test, static balance measured on the TYMO ® system, and gait with the G-Walk System. RESULTS: Foot pain and FFI were adversely related to balance and gait parameters in subjects with PF. Static balance with eyes open and eyes closed on firm and soft surface measured on the TYMO ® balance platform as well as gait parameters measured with the G-Walk system, were significantly lower in subjects with PF compared to age-matched healthy controls. CONCLUSION: PF negatively affects parameters of static balance measured with TYMO ® system and gait parameters measured with the G-Walk System. However, the Romberg balance test did not detect differences between subjects with PF and age-matched healthy controls. Show more

Keywords: Pain, walking, foot function

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220092

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2022

Authors: Kaske, Sigune | Tjardes, Thorsten | Lefering, Rolf | Bouillon, Bertil | Maegele, Marc

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Persisting back pain is a frequent consequence after severe trauma including injury to the spine. Reports on the incidence and relevance of back pain in severely injured patients in the absence of direct injury to the spine are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of relevant back pain and its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in trauma patients with spine injury compared to patients without direct impact to spine postdischarge and two years after trauma within an observational study. METHODS: A two-year follow-up survey by using the Polytrauma Outcome Chart …(PoloChart) and a set of specific questionnaires on socioeconomic and other HRQoL aspects was conducted among adult patients that had been treated for severe traumatic injuries (ISS ⩾ 9) at a German level 1 trauma center between 2008 and 2017. Patient subgroups included patients with relevant (VAS ⩾ 3) versus non-relevant back pain (VAS < 3) stratified by visual analogue scale (VAS 0–10). Patients with relevant back pain were separated into patients with (AIS spine ⩾ 1) and without spine injury (AIS spine = 0) according to the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS). RESULTS: 543/1010 questionnaires were returned yielding a response rate of 54%. Patients were predominantly male (n = 383/543; 71%) with a mean age 45 ± 19 years, mostly blunt trauma (n = 524/543; 97%) and a mean ISS 18 ± 12 points. 32.4% of patients had sustained a spine injury defined by an AIS spine ⩾ 1 (n = 176/543). Half of these patients suffered from relevant back pain two years after trauma (n = 90/176; 51.1%); in contrast, in non-spine injured patients one in three patients reported relevant back pain (n = 127/367; 34.6%). Patients with relevant back pain reported significantly lower HRQoL as measured by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and the Trauma Outcome Profile. The use of pain medication after discharge and at two years after trauma was significantly higher in patients with relevant back pain (n = 183/211; 86.7% vs. n = 214/318; 75.8%; p < 0.001; pain medication 2 years after trauma: n = 113/210, 53.8% vs. 68/317, 21.5%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Persisting back pain is frequent at two years after trauma independent of presence or absence of initial injury to the spine and associated with lower HRQoL in almost every dimension including physical, mental and social domains. Show more

Keywords: Spine injury, quality of life, severe injury, trauma, pain, outcome research

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220011

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2022

Authors: Ferrillo, Martina | Gallo, Vittorio | Lippi, Lorenzo | Bruni, Alessandro | Montrella, Roberta | Curci, Claudio | Calafiore, Dario | Invernizzi, Marco | Migliario, Mario | de Sire, Alessandro

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are musculoskeletal conditions involving masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints. Bibliometric analysis has been introduced as a new method for collecting and analyzing information on scientific articles. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the 50 most cited articles on TMD, performing a bibliometric analysis of the identified papers to favor research and clinical practice. METHODS: On December 17, 2021 a systematic research was performed to find all papers on TMD published in the literature. The Incites Journal Citation Reports dataset and Scopus database was used to obtain …bibliometric indexes of the authors and metrics data of the journals, including Impact Factor, Eigenfactor Score, and Normalized Eigenfactor. VOSviewer was used to visualize the keyword mapping networking, with the nodes standing for keywords and the edges for keyword relationships. RESULTS: Out of 24372 papers obtained by the search strategy, the 50 most cited articles on TMD were analyzed. The paper with the highest number of citations (n = 3020) was on TMD research diagnostic criteria. Rate of citations per year collected by the 50 most cited articles on TMD has been increasing over time (from 627 in 2006 to 1483 in 2021). Most of them were cross-sectional studies (n = 20; 40.0%) and narrative reviews (n = 14; 28.0%). CONCLUSION: This bibliometric study showed an increasing number of citations for articles on TMD, testifying a high interest in the last years. Starting from this analysis, future studies might provide high-quality evidence on TMD management. Show more

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular joint disorders, bibliometric analysis, rehabilitation, pain

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220152

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-19, 2022

Authors: Özyürek, Seher | Cansu Kalkan, Aybüke | Doğan, Ersoy | Melike Bülbül, Hande | Akif Kamar, Mehmet | Balci, Ali | Ömer İkiz, Ahmet | Keskinoğlu, Pembe | Genç, Arzu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Shoulder disability is a common problem following neck dissection. Even if nerve structures are preserved, this may occur after the surgery. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to research changes in rotator cuff and scapular muscles strength, and scapular muscle endurance after neck dissection in patients with head and neck cancer. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between these changes and postoperative shoulder function. METHODS: This cross-sectional and prospective follow-up study included 14 patients who underwent neck dissection (9 unilateral and 5 bilateral). Evaluations were performed preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively. Muscle strength measurements, …including trapezius, serratus anterior, and rotator cuff muscles, were obtained using a handheld dynamometer. The scapular muscle endurance test was used for muscle endurance assessment. Postoperative shoulder function was evaluated using Constant-Murley shoulder score. RESULTS: A decrease in muscle strength and the scapular muscle endurance test was found at 3 months postoperatively, except for the subscapularis muscle strength (p < 0.05). There were moderate to strong correlations between Constant-Murley shoulder score and percentage changes in muscle strength and the scapular muscle endurance test, except for the upper trapezius muscle strength (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Muscle strength and scapular muscle endurance may reduce following neck dissection. These reductions are associated with postoperative shoulder function. Thus, muscle strength and endurance training may be beneficial for early postoperative rehabilitation in patients with head and neck cancer. Show more

Keywords: Shoulder, dysfunction, muscles, neck dissection, head and neck cancer

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210270

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2022

Authors: Yan, Zhi-Wei | Yang, Zhen | Zhao, Feng-Long | Gao, Yan | Wu, Zhen-Kun | Wang, Jie-Long | Zhou, Mei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The persistence of symptoms in patients with chronic neck pain is considered to be associated with variation in the neck muscle structure and associated neuromuscular control. Sling exercise therapy (SET) has been demonstrated to relieve the symptoms of chronic neck pain, whereas it is controversial whether this benefit is correlated to altered neck muscle structure and associated neuromuscular control in the patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of SET on cervical muscle structure (thickness) and associated neuromuscular control in patients with chronic neck pain. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with chronic neck pain were …randomly assigned to the SET group (n = 12) or the control group (n = 13). The SET group received the SET intervention for 4 weeks, while the control group maintained normal activities of daily living. At baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention, Visual analogue scale and neck disability index were measured in both groups, and changes in the thickness of the superficial cervical muscles were assessed using musculoskeletal ultrasound. Surface electromyography (EMG) was adapted to assess the neuromuscular control of the neck while the participant was performing the cranio-cervical flexion test. RESULTS: At 4 weeks, the SET group had a significant reduction of RMS in both UT and SCM of EMG compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding ultrasound, the SET group had significantly lower muscle thickness compared to the control group in both the rest position and the MVIC position (p < 0.05). There were no within-group differences in the control group (p > 0.05), while the SET group showed significant reductions in both RMS and muscle thickness (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: 4-week SET was effective in reducing pain and dysfunction in patients with chronic neck pain, which may be related to improved neck muscle thickness and neuromuscular control of the neck. Show more

Keywords: Exercise prescription, musculoskeletal disorders, pain, ultrasonography

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220030

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2022

Authors: Dai, Jun | Liu, Xiao-Feng | Wang, Qian-Liang | Peng, Yu-Jian | Zhang, Qian-Zhong-Yi | Jiang, Feng-Xian | Yan, Jun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique has been widely used in spine surgery. At present, a traditional rigid working channel is available for the UBE system. A metal semicircular canal is located in the working channel. However, due to the metal material of the working channel, arthroscopy and instruments are constrained from moving in UBE surgery. Additionally, an assistant is needed during the procedure to hold the traditional working channel. OBJECTIVE: For simplicity of operation and convenient movement of the arthroscopy and instrument, we describe a new method for establishing operative channels in UBE surgery. …METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients who underwent unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBED) from February 2020 to August 2020 via our new method. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were measured preoperatively and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. Statistical comparisons were made using analysis of covariance and paired t tests. RESULTS: The VAS scores for back pain at the five time points were 5.20 ± 2.57, 1.96 ± 0.95, 1.50 ± 0.84, 1.64 ± 1.08 and 1.18 ± 0.39. The leg pain VAS scores were 7.02 ± 2.25, 2.02 ± 1.27, 1.48 ± 0.89, 1.32 ± 0.79 and 0.88 ± 0.52. The ODI values were 51.08 ± 19.97, 19.62 ± 15.51, 8.26 ± 7.40, and 7.54 ± 6.42 to 3.24 ± 1.10. The postoperative ODIs and VAS scores of low back pain and leg pain were significantly lower than those before surgery, and differences were statistically significant (all p < 0.05). The pressure of the closed outflow was significantly higher than that of the open outflow (37.35 ± 13.11 mm Hg vs. 24.55 ± 12.64 mm Hg p = 0.003). After we tightened the infusion strap to open the outflow, the pressure decreased significantly (26.4 ± 14.08 mm Hg vs. 37.35 ± 13.11 mm Hg p = 0.015). There were 2 cases of complications, including 1 case of postoperative recurrence and 1 case of dural tears. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of modified channel establishment in UBE surgery. Show more

Keywords: Degenerative disc disease, minimally invasive surgery, operative channel establishment, unilateral biportal endoscopy

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220005

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2022

Authors: Su, Peng | Liu, Feng | Zhang, Yi | Zhu, Jian Hua | Zhang, Li Chao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the influence of spinal and respiratory movements, it is difficult to accurately measure the range of motion of each joint. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a three-dimensional (3D) measurement of each joint in the shoulder complex in different postures in the sagittal plane of the upper extremity. METHODS: Thirteen healthy adults with no history of shoulder surgery for trauma or chronic pain were enrolled in the present study. The computed tomography (CT) imaging data of the shoulder complex were acquired in four postures via the reconstruction and alignment of 3D images. The …angles of the postural changes were measured, and rotation vectors were used for descriptions and statistical analyses. RESULTS: There was a statistical difference in the rotation angles between the dominant and non-dominant sides of the sternoclavicular joint when the posture changed from a resting position to a posterior inferior position. During the postural change from a resting position to a horizontal position, the regression coefficient (β ) of the humerothoracic joint to the sternoclavicular joint was 0.191, and the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.621. During the postural change from the horizontal position to the rear upper position, the β of the humerothoracic joint to the sternoclavicular joint was 0.316, and the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.845. During the postural change from the resting position to the rear lower position, the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.991. CONCLUSION: The application of the image alignment technique enabled the direct and accurate measurement of the bony structures of the shoulder joint. The helical approach accurately described the scapulohumeral rhythm during 3D motion. There was a scapulohumeral rhythm of the shoulder complex during 3D composite sagittal movement, with different ratios for different joints and postures. Show more

Keywords: CT image alignment, shoulder complex, rotation vector, scapulohumeral rhythm

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220132

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2022

Authors: Chen, Zhibiao | Xian, Zuxin | Chen, Huanzhou | Zhong, Yuan | Wang, Feng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patients exhibit considerable variations in gait patterns especially in knee hyperextension in the stance phase after stroke. If knee hyperextension is untreated it may lead to pain, reduced independence in activities of daily living, deformities and instability. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of a buffered knee orthosis on gait of stroke patients with knee hyperextension. METHODS: A total of nine patients with knee hyperextension after stroke were selected to wear buffered knee orthosis developed by Zhongshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Ruike Medical Technology (Shanghai) …Co., Ltd during walking training and daily walking. Then the gait analysis system of Motionanalysis was used to analyze and evaluate kinematic and spatiotemporal parameters of the gait in patients with independent walking or walking with a buffered knee orthosis. RESULTS: After wearing the buffered knee brace, initial contact, maximum and minimum angles of support phase, the toe off the ground, maximum and minimum angles of swing phase on the injured side of knee and ankle increased. Minimum angle of support phase and maximum angle of swing phase on the uninjured side of ankle decreased, while the toe off the ground and minimum angles of swing phase increased significantly (all P < 0.05); There was no significant difference in other kinematics, in parameters between time and space, in walking speed among subjective gait parameters (P > 0.05). Walking distance, confidence, sense of security, and the feeling of walking hyperextension were all improved. In addition, the number of asymmetric kinematic parameters and spatiotemporal parameters decreased. CONCLUSION: The buffered knee orthosis can effectively prevent knee hyperextension after stroke, improve the knee and ankle sagittal motion, gait asymmetry, gait subjective feeling, and does not affect gait space-time parameters. Show more

Keywords: Stroke, knee hyperextension, buffered knee orthosis, gait

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220069

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2022