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Biorheology is an international interdisciplinary journal that publishes research on the deformation and flow properties of biological systems or materials. It is the aim of the editors and publishers of
Biorheology to bring together contributions from those working in various fields of biorheological research from all over the world. A diverse editorial board with broad international representation provides guidance and expertise in wide-ranging applications of rheological methods to biological systems and materials.
The aim of biorheological research is to determine and characterize the dynamics of physiological processes at all levels of organization. Manuscripts should report original theoretical and/or experimental research promoting the scientific and technological advances in a broad field that ranges from the rheology of macromolecules and macromolecular arrays to cell, tissue and organ rheology. In all these areas, the interrelationships of rheological properties of the systems or materials investigated and their structural and functional aspects are stressed.
The scope of papers solicited by
Biorheology extends to systems at different levels of organization that have never been studied before, or, if studied previously, have either never been analyzed in terms of their rheological properties or have not been studied from the point of view of the rheological matching between their structural and functional properties. This biorheological approach applies in particular to molecular studies where changes of physical properties and conformation are investigated without reference to how the process actually takes place, how the forces generated are matched to the properties of the structures and environment concerned, proper time scales, or what structures or strength of structures are required.
Biorheology invites papers in which such 'molecular biorheological' aspects, whether in animal or plant systems, are examined and discussed. While we emphasize the biorheology of physiological function in organs and systems, the biorheology of disease is of equal interest. Biorheological analyses of pathological processes and their clinical implications are encouraged, including basic clinical research on hemodynamics and hemorheology.
In keeping with the rapidly developing fields of mechanobiology and regenerative medicine,
Biorheology aims to include studies of the rheological aspects of these fields by focusing on the dynamics of mechanical stress formation and the response of biological materials at the molecular and cellular level resulting from fluid-solid interactions. With increasing focus on new applications of nanotechnology to biological systems, rheological studies of the behavior of biological materials in therapeutic or diagnostic medical devices operating at the micro and nano scales are most welcome.
Abstract: The role of different factors contributing to red cell filterability in the Hemorheometre has been investigated. Although the original method uses a small volume of suspension to determine red cell filterability, the present experiments showed that the results obtained are still significantly affected by filter clogging. Consequently a change 1n filterability could be due to a change in filter clogging possibly by residual leucocytes. An adaptation of filter chamber and filling method is described, resulting 1n a simpler and faster measuring procedure. The inaccuracy in measuring low haematocrits contributes significantly to experimental errors. Therefore a definition of red cell filterability…based on the red cell count (instead of haematocrit) of the suspension is suggested.
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Keywords: red cells, deformability, filtration, filter clogging
DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1985-22401
Citation: Biorheology,
vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 275-284, 1985
Abstract: The relationships between the geometric characteristics of, the local flow rates of xylem sap in, and relative pressures in the reticulate anastomosing vascular network of dicotyledonous leaves of Populus Balsamifera L. are reported. The conducting channels of cellulosic microcapillaries are covered by sheaths of chloroplast free cell s through the walls of which water withdrawn from vascular bundles percolates to reach evaporation sites. Along the mid-rib and branch generations, the population and cross-section areas of the microcapillaries decrease with distance but not in a monotonic manner. Lateral withdrawal rates from the veins were highest at the base of the…leaf lamina. More than 50% of the inlet stream had dispersed out of the conduits within the first 25% of the leaf lamina area from the petiole junction. Absolute values of pressure gradients generally decreased in the apical direction along the vein.
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Abstract: A steady laminar flow of blood in a uniform tapered tube has been examined. Blood rheology is assumed to be described by a polar fluid. The analytical expressions for velocities (both axial and radial), total angular velocity, wall shear and pressure drop have been obtained. In literature, the parameters N (coupling number) and L (length ratio) have been chosen independently. But, in the present analysis, it is found that they are interrelated. Variation of the flow variables with suspension concentration and tapered angle have been investigated. Some of the theoretical models for the flow through tapered tubes have been critically…examined. The pressure-flow relationship has been studied numerically over the flow rate range 0.01–0.1 cc/sec and compared with experimental results. It has been shown that the existing experimental results are for the tapered tubes of larger diameter which correspond to the flow under Newtonian conditions. Finally, some biological implications and future developments of this theory have been indicated.
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Abstract: A new physical theory of erythrocyte sedimentation is proposed. Various assumptions underlying Stokes’ formula are first criticized. An explicit formula is proposed, taking into account some of the results of recent experimental investigations including the effect of upward flow of plasma and the time course of growth of aggregates. It is generally shown that the sedimentation curve without aggregation never becomes a sigmoid. Our formula is applicable to the increased ESR due to the aggregation of erythrocytes. The sedimentation velocity depends not only on the hematocrit and the ultimate size of the aggregates, but also on the retardation. time of…the growth of aggregates in conformity with the experimental result of Kernick et al.
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Abstract: The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin label method was used to investigate the effect of varying hematocrit on the deformation and orientation behavior of erythrocytes in shear flow. The relative EPR spectral change due to flow, which we use as a measure of the average deformation and orientation of erythrocytes, was observed as a function of the hematocrit. The profile generally shows a rising and a declining phase with the maximum in-between. The position of the maximum with respect to the hematocrit and the level of the spectral change are influenced by the suspending medium viscosity, osmolarity, and depend upon…modifications of the red cell properties such as the internal viscosity, area-to-volume ratio and membrane rigidity. Results show that there is an upper limit of free deformation and orientation of the cell for a given hematocrit value. A possible role of the cell-cell interaction is discussed in restricting the space around a cell which is required for free deformation and orientation. A significance of the findings is that the actual deformation and orientation of an ensemble of cells which give rise to the EPR spectral change in flow is determined not only by the single cell deformability but also by the way the cells interact with each other under a given fluid dynamic condition.
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