Affiliations: [a] Human Sciences, Defence Science & Technology, New Zealand Defence Force, Auckland, New Zealand
| [b]
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| [c] Australian Defence Apparel (ADA) New Zealand Ltd
Correspondence:
[*]
Address for correspondence: Lauren Keaney, Human Sciences, Defence Science & Technology, New Zealand Defence Force, Auckland, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Physical fitness is a key tenet of military organisations worldwide. Specifically, many consider aerobic fitness (AF) an essential physical attribute for ensuring optimal military performance and readiness. However, the intricate relationship between AF and various facets of military job performance necessitates comprehensive review to ascertain the appropriateness and effectiveness of its assessment. OBJECTIVE:This narrative review aims to describe the relationship between AF and factors influencing individual military performance and readiness, and explores the implications of the enforcement of in-service, generic AF test standards in military populations. METHODS:Databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) were searched for all relevant published peer-reviewed literature as at August 2023. RESULTS:Inconsistent associations were found between AF and outcomes influencing individual military performance (physical capabilities, cognitive capabilities, presenteeism and productivity, resilience, and technical/tactical capabilities) and readiness (mental health and wellbeing and physical health). Consequently, the level of AF needed for acceptable or optimal military performance remains uncertain. CONCLUSIONS:AF is a cornerstone of health and performance, yet linking generic AF test standards to job performance is complex, with multiple factors interacting to influence outcomes. From existing literatures, there does not appear to be a specific level of AF at, and/or above, which acceptable military performance is achieved. As such, the enforcement of and emphasis on in-service, pass/fail, generic AF test standards in military populations is questionable and requires thoughtful re-evaluation. Role/task-specific AF should be assessed through evidence-based PES and the use of generic AF tests limited to the monitoring and benchmarking of health-related fitness.
Keywords: Military personnel, law enforcement, cardiorespiratory fitness, fitness
testing, work performance, military health
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-240137
Journal: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
