Affiliations: Department of Industrial Engineering, Turkish Air
Force Academy, Istanbul, Turkey | Mondi Tire Kutsan Paper and Packaging Industry Inc.,
Kartepe, Kocaeli, Turkey | Baǧcılar Education & Research Hospital,
Istanbul, Turkey
Note: [] Address for correspondence: Oguzhan Erdinc, Hava Harp Okulu
Endustri Muhendisligi Bolum Baskanligi 34149, Yesilyurt, Istanbul, Turkey.
Tel.: +90 212 663 2490 or +90 533 708 5925; Fax: +90 212 663 2838; E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Objective: This study documented the cross-cultural adaptation,
validity, and reliability of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort
Questionnaire (CMDQ) in the Turkish language. Participants: The
participant group included 48 Turkish workers. Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation included the translation, synthesis,
back-translation, expert committee review and pretest stages. The adapted
Turkish version of the CMDQ (T-CMDQ) was validated through self-administration
of the tool and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) among participants. Results: The validity of the T-CMDQ was good; Kappa coefficients between the responses
given on the VAS and on the T-CMDQ indicated substantial to almost perfect
agreement (ranged between 0.62–0.92 across body parts), and Spearman rank
correlation coefficients between the VAS scores and T-CMDQ severity scale
responses were all significant (ranged between 0.46–0.83 across body parts).
Test-retest reliability of the T-CMDQ was satisfactory; Kappa coefficients,
which ranged between 0.56–0.97 across the three scales, indicated moderate to
almost perfect agreement between test-retest responses across body parts. Conclusions: This study produced the T-CMDQ with good psychometric properties,
presented the first formal validation of the CMDQ and provided useful insights
on the cross-cultural adaptation process of a subjective data collection tool
which was originally developed in English, into the Turkish language.
Keywords: Data collection tool, scale, assessment, work interference, reliability
