Affiliations: Department of Industrial Engineering, "José
Antonio Echeverría" Institute of Technology, Cujae, Marianao, Habana, Cuba
Note: [] Address for correspondence: Yaniel Torres, Ronda # 5 Apto 8,
Plaza de la Revolución, Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba, CP: 10 300. Tel.: 537
8780335; E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Objectives: This paper briefly describes the history of ergonomics
in Cuba and also presents some ergonomic interventions carried out in major
economic sectors, focused on reducing musculoskeletal risk factors. Methods: Five studies concerning musculoskeletal risk factors were reviewed
comparing the results of various ergonomic tools. Cuban legislation related to
occupational health as well as statistics available on musculoskeletal
disorders were examined. Results: The reviewed studies were carried out
using such universally recognized assessment tools as RULA, Strain Index, OWAS
and NIOSH equations as well as human movement analysis software. The
interventions presented are examples of a proactive approach to the improvement
of workers' health. Musculoskeletal disorders are responsible for the second
highest rate of total permanent disability in the Cuban work force. Conclusions: The prevailing approach to workers' health in terms of
musculoskeletal disorders is basically reactive rather than proactive despite
the commitment of the Cuban Government to the subject and a set of rules
established to accomplish this goal. Simple tools for conducting a systematic
evaluation of working conditions are needed in our context.
Keywords: Ergonomic intervention, work conditions, physiotherapy centers, proactive approach
