Reflecting on a program of participatory ergonomics interventions: A multiple case study

Issue title: Ergonomics

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Cole, Donald C.^{; ;} | Theberge, Nancy^{; ; ;} | Dixon, Shane M. | Rivilis, Irina^; | Neumann, W. Patrick^{; ;} | Wells, Richard^{; ;}

Affiliations: Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada | Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada | Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada | Department of Community Health Sciences, Brock University

Note: [] Address for correspondence: Donald C. Cole, Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Ste 800, Toronto, Ontario, Canadá, M5G 2E9. Tel.: 416 927 2027 ext 2166; Fax: 416 927 4167; E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Evaluations of participative ergonomics (PE) interventions have reported mixed results, potentially due to both program and theory deficits. In a multiple case study of four worksites in different companies using a quasi-experimental approach, we examined process, implementation, and effects. The process evaluation was based upon fieldwork and interviews with approximately 90 persons. Implemented changes were documented by PE teams and intensity judged by the research team. The effect evaluation was performed using questionnaire-based measures (physical effort, influence, pain and potential confounders) among cohorts present both before and after the changes (N=258). Ergonomic change teams (ECTs) faced challenges securing employees' time, varying management commitment and significant production pressures. Nevertheless they actively introduced between 10 and 21 changes over 10–20 months of activity. Limited intensity of exposure reduction was observed, resulting in no discernible effects on physical effort or pain among the employees. Potential reasons that may account for limited effects and lessons for workplace parties, practitioners, and intervention researchers are discussed.

Keywords: Program evaluation, longitudinal study, musculoskeletal disorders, prevention and control

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2009-0914

Journal: Work, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 161-178, 2009