Clinical feasibility of gait training with a robotic exoskeleton (WPAL) in an individual with both incomplete cervical and complete thoracic spinal cord injury: A case study

Issue title: Special Section: Journey of a Pioneer: Dr Stefan Hesse 1960-2016. Robotics, Reflections and What’s Next

Guest editors: Hermano Igo Krebs

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Tanabe, Shigeo^{a; *; †} | Koyama, Soichiro^{a; †} | Saitoh, Eiichi^b | Hirano, Satoshi^b | Yatsuya, Kanan^c | Tsunoda, Tetsuya^b | Katoh, Masaki^d | Gotoh, Takeshi^d | Furumoto, Ayako^d

Affiliations: [a] Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan | [b] Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan | [c] Department of Rehabilitation, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan | [d] Department of Rehabilitation, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan

Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Shigeo Tanabe, 98-1 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. Tel.: +81 562 93 9000; Fax: +81 562 95 6817; E-mail: [email protected].

Note: [†] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patients with tetraplegia can achieve independent gait with lateral-type powered exoskeletons; it is unclear whether medial-type powered exoskeletons allow for this. OBJECTIVE: To investigate gait training with a medial-type powered exoskeleton wearable power-assist locomotor (WPAL) in an individual with incomplete cervical (C5) and complete thoracic (T12) spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: The 60-session program was investigated retrospectively using medical records. Upon completion, gait performance was examined using three-dimensional motion analyses and surface electromyography (EMG) of the upper limbs. RESULTS: The subject achieved independent gait with WPAL and a walker in 12 sessions. He continuously extended his right elbow; his left elbow periodically flexed/extended. His pelvic inclination was larger than the trunk inclination during single-leg stance. EMG activity was increased in the left deltoid muscles during ipsilateral foot-contact. The right anterior and medial deltoid muscle EMG activity increased just after foot-off for each leg, as did the right biceps activity. Continuous activity was observed in the left triceps throughout the gait cycle; activity was unclear in the right triceps. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the importance of upper limb residual motor function, and may be useful in extending the range of clinical applications for robotic gait rehabilitation in patients with SCI.

Keywords: Clinical feasibility, gait, robotic exoskeleton, spinal cord injury

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-171460

Journal: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 85-95, 2017