Affiliations: [a] Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Havana, Cuba | [b] Carrick Institute for Graduate Studies, Cape Canaveral, FL, USA | [c] Center for Neurological Restoration, Havana, Cuba | [d] Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, Service of Neurology, Havana, Cuba
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Dr. Calixto Machado, MD, PhD, Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 29 y D, Vedado, La Habana 10400, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: The term persistent vegetative state (PVS) refers to the only circumstance in which an apparent dissociation of both components of consciousness is found, characterized by preservation of wakefulness with an apparent loss of awareness. Several authors have recently demonstrated by functional neuroimaging studies that a small subset of unresponsive “vegetative” patients may show unambiguous signs of consciousness and command following that is inaccessible to clinical examination at the bedside. The term “estado vegetativo” used in Spanish to describe the PVS syndrome by physicians came from the English-Spanish translation. The Spanish term “vegetativo” is related to unconscious vital functions, and “vegetal” is relative to plants. According to our experience, when a physician informs to patients' relatives that his/her family member's diagnosis is a “estado vegetativo”, they understand the he/she is no more a human being, that there is no hope of recovery. The European Task Force on Disorders of Consciousness has recently proposed a new term, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), to assist society in avoiding the depreciatory term vegetative state. Our group has embraced the use of the new term UWS and might suggest that we change our concept and use of the term MCS to minimally responsive wakefulness state (MRWS), or minimally aware wakefulness state (MAWS). Medical terms must be current and avoid any pejorative description of patients, which will promote our abilities to serve humankind and challenge neuroscientists to offer society new and realistic hopes for neurorehabilitation.
