Making the employment interview work for a neurodiverse workforce: Perspectives of individuals on the autism spectrum, employers, and service providers

Issue title: Special Issue on Self-Employment

Guest editors: Katherine J. Inge

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Chang, Hsiao-Ying^{a; *} | Saleh, Matthew C.^a | Bruyère, Susanne M.^a | Vogus, Timothy J.^b

Affiliations: [a] Yang-Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA | [b] Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Hsiao-Ying (Vicki) Chang. 201 Dolgen Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: BACKGROUND:The traditional job interview process can pose numerous barriers which may disadvantage job seekers on the autism spectrum. Further research is needed to understand the specific dynamics of the interview process that pose the most significant challenges to hiring success and possible ways to remediate these challenges. OBJECTIVE:This qualitative research examined the barriers to, and facilitators of, successful employment interviews from the perspectives of three stakeholder groups: people on the autism spectrum, employers, and service providers. METHODS:We used qualitative content analysis to derive themes from interviews with 23 participants, including individuals on the autism spectrum with job interview experience, employers with experience in interviewing job candidates on the autism spectrum, and service providers who provide employment support to people on the autism spectrum. RESULTS:Five themes emerged across stakeholder groups: (1) navigating unpredictability, (2) introducing flexibility and modifications, (3) relationship-building strategies, (4) importance of self-awareness and self-advocacy, and (5) nuances of Self-disclosure. Across the themes, participants described how to modify the interview process to be more inclusive of neurodiversity. CONCLUSION:We conclude with how rehabilitation service providers can more effectively provide direct services to individuals on the autism spectrum and consult with employers on workplace policies and practices to enhance neurodiversity inclusion.

Keywords: Autism, employer, service provider, employment interview, qualitative research

DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230031

Journal: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 107-122, 2023