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Price: EUR 145.00Authors: Soeker, Mogammad Shaheed | Smith, Melissa | Hess April, Lucia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with stroke have a poor return to work rate, particularly in rural communities. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to describe the experiences and perceptions of individuals diagnosed with stroke about the usefulness of the Model of Occupational Self Efficacy (MOOSE) in assisting them in returning to their worker role. METHODS: The study utilized an explorative, descriptive, qualitative research design, furthermore the data was analyzed using thematic analysis, resulting in three themes. Seven stroke survivors and one key informant participated in the study. RESULTS: Theme one: …Obstacles that affect the return to work of stroke survivors in a rural community. Theme two: Re-establishing a strong belief in functional ability through participation in occupation. Finally, theme three: The MOOSE enables transition to the worker role in a rural context. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the MOOSE is a useful model in facilitating the return to work of individuals diagnosed with a stroke. The participants struggled to return to work not only due to their loss of abilities but also their lack of knowledge with regard to how to return to work and their diagnosis of a stroke. Show more
Keywords: Return to work, adaptation, coping skills and strategies, adaptation, vocational rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230041
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Dorstyn, Diana | Oxlad, Melissa | Whitburn, Sharni | Fedoric, Boris | Roberts, Rachel | Chur-Hansen, Anna
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Using simulation methods that replicate specific job demands can accelerate return-to-work following an illness or injury. However, the components of simulation vary markedly. OBJECTIVE: The current study explores the perceptions and experiences of service users to better understand what aspects are required to facilitate a well-designed, work-specific simulation. METHODS: Thirteen injured workers (10 men, 3 women) and four staff (3 allied health, 1 manager) involved in a simulation-based rehabilitation program were interviewed. Interview data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three major themes resulted: 1) simulation can facilitate …successful rehabilitation, 2) the importance of offering multiple, realistic simulations to replicate varying occupations, and 3) effective simulation involves collaboration with a worker’s existing health professionals. CONCLUSIONS: Simulation tasks can be effectively integrated into injury rehabilitation, although are challenging to implement and require further validation studies. The present findings may provide some guidance for rehabilitation services looking to implement this method within a broader, biopsychosocial return-to-work program. Show more
Keywords: Employment, unemployment, occupational injuries, rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230062
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Krebs, Brandon K. | Rachor, Geoffrey S. | Yamamoto, Shelby S. | Dick, Bruce D. | Brown, Cary A. | Asmundson, Gordon J.G. | Straube, Sebastian | Els, Charl | Jackson, Tanya D. | Brémault-Phillips, Suzette | Voaklander, Don | Stastny, Jarett | Berry, Theodore | Gross, Douglas P.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress injury (PTSI) is a term used to describe a range of psychiatric difficulties which arise following exposure to a psychologically traumatic event. The impact of being diagnosed with multiple psychiatric conditions on the return-to-work (RTW) outcomes of individuals with PTSI has not been adequately researched. OBJECTIVE: The current study examined whether the presence of two or more psychiatric conditions occurring simultaneously is predictive of RTW outcomes in workers with PTSI. METHOD: A population-based cohort design was conducted using archival data from injured workers admitted to a PTSI rehabilitation program. Differences …in RTW outcomes and demographic, administrative, and clinical variables were compared between individuals with single and multiple psychiatric diagnoses. A range of variables were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model predicting RTW. RESULTS: The final logistic regression model indicated workers had higher odds of RTW if they had a single psychiatric diagnosis (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 2.20), non-elevated scores on a measure of traumatic stress (AOR 1.85), and reported higher self-perceived readiness to RTW (AOR 1.24). CONCLUSION: Being diagnosed with multiple psychiatric conditions appears to be associated with more negative RTW outcomes following PTSI rehabilitation. Show more
Keywords: Rehabilitation, posttraumatic stress injury, return-to-work, workers’ compensation, compensation and duress
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230063
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Savin, Katie | Morris, Zachary A. | Wise, Marion S. | Marinoff, Rebecca
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: People with visual impairment often need many items that their sighted counterparts do not, such as assistive devices, transportation services, and other disability-related goods and services. Acquiring these items represents a major barrier to the employment of people with visual impairment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the nature of disability-related employment costs as they relate to engagement in the labor market of people with visual impairment. METHODS: The research consisted of a qualitative analysis of interviews and focus groups with 15 visually impaired adults from the New York metro area. RESULTS: What …emerged were the costs of accessing and maintaining employment— particularly related to meeting the expectations of expediency in the modern world— in areas like communication and transportation. These costs interacted with perceived ableism in the labor market and created a climate of job scarcity and anxiety, which came at additional cost to participants who felt stuck in low-paying work. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed on the impact of perceived ableism and disability-related employment costs, and on decreasing barriers to programs that may ameliorate these costs, such as vocational rehabilitation services. Such research would inform policy interventions geared toward enhancing disabled people’s participation in the labor market. Show more
Keywords: Visual impairment, disability discrimination, costs of illness, disability, employment
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240000
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Sprong, Matthew E. | Blankenberger, Bob | Pierce, Sami M. | Hollender, Heaven
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Employment has been shown to be the fourth most commonly reported need for veterans and their families, and unemployment rates have ranged from 1–69% dependent on the mental health diagnosis. Complications from the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on psychological functioning, and social isolation has led to increased psychiatric symptoms. Vocational rehabilitation is an intervention provided to Veterans in an attempt to remove barriers to employment while also increasing involvement in gainful work activity. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact that COVID-19 has had on employment rates …at discharge for veterans with mental health disorders participating in a VHA vocational rehabilitation program. METHODS: An outcome-based, summative program evaluation design was used to assess the quality of Veterans served (2016-2021) at a vocational rehabilitation program served at a medical center located in VISN 12 of the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. RESULTS: Findings showed that veterans with Bipolar and Psychosis were less likely to discharge with employment (not considering COVID-19). CONCLUSION: No significant meaningful differences existed in employment rates when comparing pre/post March 2020 (official start of COVID-19 pandemic) for veterans with psychiatric diagnoses. Show more
Keywords: Vocational rehabilitation, veterans, employment, veteran affairs, compensated work therapy
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230065
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Maroto, Michelle | Pettinicchio, David
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: With at least one-quarter of the U.S. adult population reporting one or more disabilities in 2020, people with disabilities represent a large and diverse group of individuals who often face significant barriers in the labor market, especially job displacement - involuntary job loss due to external factors. OBJECTIVE: We examine how rates of job displacement varied for people with different types of disabilities from 2007–2021, a period that includes the 2008 Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We use data from six waves of Current Population Study Displaced Worker Supplement (CPS …DWS, N = 344,729) and a series of logistic regression models to examine differences in displacement by disability status and type. RESULTS: People with disabilities were approximately twice as likely as those without disabilities to experience job displacement, but more during times of economic turmoil. Although displacement disparities by disability status were decreasing from a high of 6.5 percentage points during the Great Recession, the pandemic increased the gap to 5.8 percentage points. CONCLUSION: Involuntary job loss among people with disabilities is exacerbated by exogenous shocks. We extend work on disability and displacement, incorporating the COVID-19 pandemic in our discussion of explanations of both labor market disadvantage and precarity. Show more
Keywords: Disability studies, employment insecurity, COVID-19, economic recession, United States
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230064
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Plotner, Anthony J. | Walters, Charles B. | Rother, Yvette
Article Type: Brief Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of inclusive college programs for students with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) in the United States has steadily increased in recent years. As access to college becomes a more realistic prospect for people with IDD, there is a pressing need to examine the offerings and impacts of these programs critically. OBJECTIVE: One potential offering of inclusive college programs that has not been given much attention is opportunities for student leadership development (LD). The purpose of this brief report was to evaluate the perspectives of staff members in a program geared towards providing a paid LD …opportunity to students with IDD in an inclusive college program in the southeastern United States. METHODS : Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten student-employees staffing this LD opportunity and constant comparative analysis was employed to organize interview content by themes. RESULTS: Four primary themes arose as a result of the analytic process: character development, communication, opportunities for leading and mentoring others, strategic reflection, and individual empowerment. Each is explored in summation and through exemplary quotes from participants. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study provide important implications for professionals and future research to support maximizing the positive impact of these programs on the lives of students with IDD. Show more
Keywords: Inclusive postsecondary education, higher education, intellectual disability, developmental disability, leadership
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240016
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Morris, Rae | Christianson-Barker, Jennifer | Stainton, Tim | Mills, Rachel | Schroeder, Monica | Cox, John | Rowley, Chris | Hole, Rachelle
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rates of un- and under-employment are high among persons with intellectual disabilities in Canada. More information is needed to better understand how current employment practices are experienced by persons with intellectual disabilities and those who hire and support them. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory and descriptive study sought to learn about employment practices as experienced by self-advocates with intellectual disabilities, employers, and employment specialists; to identify key barriers and facilitators to equitable inclusion of persons with intellectual disabilities in attaining and maintaining paid and competitive employment. METHODS: An online survey invited participants from all …three groups to share their experiences and descriptive analysis was conducted to offer a summary of patterns across participant experiences. RESULTS: 149 participants (77 employment specialists, 59 self-advocates, and 13 employers) from across Canada participated in the survey and shared information about their experiences across recruitment, hiring, integration, and performance management of persons with intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSION: This study offers information about employment practices in Canada that directly impact the experiences of potential or current employees with intellectual disabilities. The findings may be used to inform the development of employment standards, best practices, and/or future research to improve disability-inclusive employment. Show more
Keywords: Intellectual disability, employment, right to work, survey, disability studies, participatory
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240019
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Athamanah, Lindsay S. | Cushing, Lisa S. | Fastzkie, Erin M. | Brown, Erin R.
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Competitive integrated employment (CIE) improves the quality of life for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Individuals with IDD may need additional support in the workplace. Natural supports has been studied as an intervention to provide support and increase vocational and social skills for individuals with IDD in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature conducted on implementing natural supports in CIE settings to build vocational or social skills for individuals with IDD. METHOD: We followed the PRISMA-ScR process to identify articles across seven …databases and coded information related to demographics, methodology, and outcomes. RESULTS: Seventeen articles were identified between 1985 –2024 that focused on implementing natural supports in CIE settings for individuals with IDD. Studies addressed vocational and social skills and broader vocational topics such as wages, hours worked, and inclusion in the workplace. CONCLUSION: Employees with IDD improved their engagement in vocational tasks, increased their social interactions with coworkers, and improved their quality of life through increased wages, hours worked, and job tenure. Additional research is warranted to provide further evidence on the impact of natural supports in the workplace for employees with and without IDD. Show more
Keywords: Employment, review, intellectual and developmental disabilities, natural supports
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240017
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Crudden, Adele | Steverson, Anne | Sergi, Katerina
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Approximately half of people with vision impairments are not employed or looking for work. Many of these people have additional health or disability concerns, but little is known about those concerns or other reasons they are out of the workforce. OBJECTIVE: We investigated employment barriers impacting labor force participation among people with vision impairments, their perceptions of their skills and training needs, and the impact of not working on their economic status. METHODS: Thirty people with vision impairments who were not in the labor force participated in exploratory interviews conducted using a …semi-structured protocol. We used a qualitative software program and multiple researchers to code the interviews, identify and analyze themes, and organize participants’ information. RESULTS: Employment barriers included concerns about health and disability, employer attitudes, transportation, training needs, economics, age, and lack of support. Some participants wanted to work now or in the past but were unable to find employment that accommodated their needs and generated a salary that made it economically worthwhile. CONCLUSION: Participants appear to need assistance identifying career paths leading to economic security, training for these careers, locating affordable transportation, and working with employers to gain workplace accommodations. Providing support and encouraging family support may positively influence interest in employment. Show more
Keywords: Blind, vision impairment, employment, workforce participation, employment barriers, assistive technology, vocational rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240018
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
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