Porosity dependency of an optimized stent design for an intracranial aneurysm

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Anzai, H.^{a; f; *} | Yoshida, Y.^b | Sugiyama, S.^{c; d} | Endo, H.^c | Matsumoto, Y.^e | Ohta, M.^f

Affiliations: [a] Frontier Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan | [b] Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan | [c] Department of Neurosurgery, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan | [d] Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan | [e] Department of Neuroendovascular Therapy, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan | [f] Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: H. Anzai, Frontier Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki aza Aoba 6-3, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. Tel.: +81 22 217 5224; E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Optimal design of stents for a cerebral aneurysm is desired for efficient flow reduction in the aneurysm. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to optimize stent design at several porosities, estimate the influence of stent design on aneurysm flow, and evaluate the ability of stents to reduce flow. METHODS: Stent models were constructed as sets of squares or rectangles in the necks of a two-dimensional (2D) and realistic aneurysm. Then, automated optimization was performed using a combination of simulated annealing and lattice Boltzmann flow simulation. RESULTS: By simulated annealing, stents were gradually modified to reduce the average velocity in an aneurysm. As a result of optimization, stents of all porosities demonstrated an inhomogeneous distribution with dense struts in the inflow area. Flow reduction was increased compared with the initial stent. Under the condition of high porosity, flow reduction by the stent drastically increased as porosity decreased. Under low porosity, the increase of velocity reduction was moderate even as porosity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Optimization can enhance flow reduction by stents. However, the increase in reduction associated with decreasing porosity is moderate under lower-porosity conditions. This threshold may help in the choice of stent porosity for each specific aneurysm.

Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics, design optimization, cerebral aneurysm, flow diverter stent, lattice boltzmann method

DOI: 10.3233/THC-151007

Journal: Technology and Health Care, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 547-556, 2015