Abstract: Childhood cancer affects 12,000 new patients/year in Europe with
more than 60 different malignancies. To date, the overall cure rate at 5 years
is around 80% in Europe [1] and U.S. [2], with a powerful increase as compared
to the cure rates accessible 15 years ago. Although cancer in children is a
rare condition, being only 1% of all cancers, it remains the first cause of
death in children older than 1 year; still, 3,000 deaths are reported every
year. Accordingly, paediatric cancer still represents a therapeutic need and
new efficient treatments must be developed, regardless the present cure rates
allow to figure out that one adult aged from 16 to 45 years out of 900
individuals has been cured by cancer during childhood [3].