Protective properties of sardine and chickpea protein hydrolysates against lipoprotein oxidative damages and some inflammation markers in hypercholesterolemic rats

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Dehiba, Faiza^{a; b} | Allaoui, Amine^{a; c; *} | Benomar, Souhila^a | Yahia, Sanaa^a | Guillén, Natalia^d | Rodríguez-Yoldi, María Jesús^d | Osada, Jesús^e | Boualga, Ahmed^a

Affiliations: [a] Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria | [b] École Supérieure en Sciences Biologiques d’Oran, 31000 Oran, Algérie | [c] Amine Allaoui, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Université Blida1, Blida, 09000, Algeria | [d] Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain | [e] Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiologa, Unidad de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Amine Allaoui, Université Blida1, BP 270 route de Soumâa, Blida, 09000, Algeria. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the effect of sardine (SPH) and chickpea protein hydrolysates (CPH) on oxidant stress and inflammatory profile in cholesterol-fed rats. METHODS:The experiment was undertaken for thirty days on 18 cholesterol-fed Wistar rats (220±10 g) divided into three groups and receiving 1 g/kg of body weight either chickpea protein hydrolysate (CPH), sardine protein hydrolysate (SPH) or casein in water (CG). RESULTS:Compared to CG, SPH and CPH treatment reduced cholesterol, hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde contents in serum, lipoproteins, erythrocytes and aorta. These same treated groups showed also lower serum isoprostane levels. However, serum paraoxonase activity and HDL-antioxidant property were improved only by CPH compared to CG. SOD activity of aorta and erythrocytes was higher in CPH but in SPH group, SOD activity was lower in these tissues and remained unchanged in serum. Furthermore, CPH and SPH stimulated glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities of aorta and erythrocytes. In CPH group, nitric oxide levels of serum, erythrocytes and aorta were increased by respectively 1.4- to 1.8-fold compared to CG and SPH. In addition, among the three groups, CPH exhibited the best anti-inflammatory effect by lowering serum C reactive protein, uric acid and albumin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:SPH and particularly CPH possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and could be useful as nutraceuticals for health improving and preventing numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Marine, leguminous, protein hydrolysates, hypercholesterolemia, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, aorta, erythrocytes, HDL

DOI: 10.3233/MNM-210548

Journal: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 439-452, 2021