Affiliations: [a] Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| [b] Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| [c] Apinevada Analytical Laboratory of Bee Products, Barrancos s/n, Lanjarón, Granada, Spain
| [d] College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: José L. Quiles, Ph.D., Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain. Tel.: +34 958241000 ext. 20316; E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Circular economy aims to get added value from byproducts of agriculture or livestock, including beekeeping. Classically in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillar clews formation have been considered as the main characteristics. However, the role of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of β-amyloid accumulation has been related. OBJECTIVE:The present study aims to test the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of five hydrophilic extracts (sample 1–5; S1–S5) from a mud byproduct obtained from the recycling of beeswax using the Caenorhabditis elegans model. METHODS:The antioxidant activity was tested in vitro by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The content of phenols and flavonoids was evaluated by colorimetric procedures. Antioxidant and neuroprotective activities were investigated in vivo using the C. elegans model. RESULTS:The antioxidant capacity of the samples and their content in phenols and flavonoids was demonstrated. Nematodes treated with S1, S2 and S5 showed lower intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide. A neuroprotective activity of S1 extract was demonstrated by a delay in paralysis caused by the accumulation of beta amyloid (Aβ 1–42). CONCLUSIONS:S1 extract exhibits important antioxidant and neuroprotective activities in vivo, which could provide a novel source of natural antioxidants and neuroprotective compounds.
